注意：AsyncTask在API级别30中已弃用。AsyncTask | Android开发人员

当应用程序尝试在其主线程上执行网络操作时，会引发此异常。在AsyncTask中运行代码：

class RetrieveFeedTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, RSSFeed> {

    private Exception exception;

    protected RSSFeed doInBackground(String... urls) {
        try {
            URL url = new URL(urls[0]);
            SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
            SAXParser parser = factory.newSAXParser();
            XMLReader xmlreader = parser.getXMLReader();
            RssHandler theRSSHandler = new RssHandler();
            xmlreader.setContentHandler(theRSSHandler);
            InputSource is = new InputSource(url.openStream());
            xmlreader.parse(is);

            return theRSSHandler.getFeed();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            this.exception = e;

            return null;
        } finally {
            is.close();
        }
    }

    protected void onPostExecute(RSSFeed feed) {
        // TODO: check this.exception
        // TODO: do something with the feed
    }
}

如何执行任务：

在MainActivity.java文件中，可以在oncreate（）方法中添加此行

new RetrieveFeedTask().execute(urlToRssFeed);

不要忘记将其添加到AndroidManifest.xml文件中：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

Android Jetpack引入了WorkManager，它解决了Android 8.1（奥利奥）中后台服务限制的问题，并在Android 5.0（棒棒糖）以下使用Alarm Manager，在Lolipop以上使用JobScheduler。

请使用WorkManager在后台线程上运行任务，即使用户关闭应用程序，它也将继续运行。

当应用程序尝试在其主线程上执行网络操作时，会引发此异常。如果您的任务耗时超过5秒，则需要强制关闭。

在AsyncTask中运行代码：

class RetrieveFeedTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, Boolean> {

    protected RSSFeed doInBackground(String... urls) {
       // TODO: Connect
    }

    protected void onPostExecute(RSSFeed feed) {
        // TODO: Check this.exception
        // TODO: Do something with the feed
    }
}

不使用strictMode（仅在调试模式下）不更改SDK版本不要使用单独的线程

使用服务或异步任务

另请参阅堆栈溢出问题：

android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException从android发送电子邮件

这个问题有两种解决方案。

不要在主UI线程中使用网络调用。为此使用异步任务。在setContentView（R.layout.activity_main）之后，将以下代码写入MainActivity文件：如果（android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT>9）{StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy=new StrictMode.SthreadPolicy.Builder（）.permitAll（）.build（）；StrictMode.setThreadPolicy（策略）；}

以及下面的import语句到Java文件中。

import android.os.StrictMode;

在活动中使用此项

    btnsub.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            new Thread(new Runnable() {

                @Override
                public void run() {
                    // TODO Auto-generated method stub

                    //Initialize soap request + add parameters
                    SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME1);

                    //Use this to add parameters
                    request.addProperty("pincode", txtpincode.getText().toString());
                    request.addProperty("bg", bloodgroup.getSelectedItem().toString());

                    //Declare the version of the SOAP request
                    SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

                    envelope.setOutputSoapObject(request);
                    envelope.dotNet = true;

                    try {
                        HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport = new HttpTransportSE(URL);

                        //this is the actual part that will call the webservice
                        androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION1, envelope);

                        // Get the SoapResult from the envelope body.
                        SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.getResponse();
                        Log.e("result data", "data" + result);
                        SoapObject root = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(0);
                        // SoapObject s_deals = (SoapObject) root.getProperty(0);
                        // SoapObject s_deals_1 = (SoapObject) s_deals.getProperty(0);
                        //

                        System.out.println("********Count : " + root.getPropertyCount());

                        value = new ArrayList<Detailinfo>();

                        for (int i = 0; i < root.getPropertyCount(); i++) {
                            SoapObject s_deals = (SoapObject) root.getProperty(i);
                            Detailinfo info = new Detailinfo();

                            info.setFirstName(s_deals.getProperty("Firstname").toString());
                            info.setLastName(s_deals.getProperty("Lastname").toString());
                            info.setDOB(s_deals.getProperty("DOB").toString());
                            info.setGender(s_deals.getProperty("Gender").toString());
                            info.setAddress(s_deals.getProperty("Address").toString());
                            info.setCity(s_deals.getProperty("City").toString());
                            info.setState(s_deals.getProperty("State").toString());
                            info.setPinecode(s_deals.getProperty("Pinecode").toString());
                            info.setMobile(s_deals.getProperty("Mobile").toString());
                            info.setEmail(s_deals.getProperty("Email").toString());
                            info.setBloodgroup(s_deals.getProperty("Bloodgroup").toString());
                            info.setAdddate(s_deals.getProperty("Adddate").toString());
                            info.setWaight(s_deals.getProperty("waight").toString());
                            value.add(info);
                        }

                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), ComposeMail.class);
                    //intent.putParcelableArrayListExtra("valuesList", value);

                    startActivity(intent);
                }
            }).start();
        }
    });