i++有时比++ I快!

对于使用ILP(指令级并行)的x86架构，i++在某些情况下可能优于++i。

为什么?因为数据依赖关系。现代cpu可以并行化很多东西。如果接下来的几个CPU周期对i的增量值没有任何直接依赖，CPU可能会省略微码来延迟i的增量，并将其塞到“空闲插槽”中。这意味着您实际上得到了一个“免费”增量。

我不知道ILE在这种情况下走多远，但我认为如果迭代器变得太复杂，并做指针解引用，这可能不会工作。

下面是Andrei Alexandrescu对这个概念的解释:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vrfYLlR8X8k&list=WL&index=5

即使在没有性能优势的内置类型上也应该使用++i的原因是为了给自己养成一个好习惯。

说编译器不能优化掉后缀情况下的临时变量副本是不完全正确的。用VC进行的快速测试表明，至少在某些情况下，它可以做到这一点。

在下面的例子中，生成的代码对于前缀和后缀是相同的，例如:

#include <stdio.h>

class Foo
{
public:

    Foo() { myData=0; }
    Foo(const Foo &rhs) { myData=rhs.myData; }

    const Foo& operator++()
    {
        this->myData++;
        return *this;
    }

    const Foo operator++(int)
    {
        Foo tmp(*this);
        this->myData++;
        return tmp;
    }

    int GetData() { return myData; }

private:

    int myData;
};

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Foo testFoo;

    int count;
    printf("Enter loop count: ");
    scanf("%d", &count);

    for(int i=0; i<count; i++)
    {
        testFoo++;
    }

    printf("Value: %d\n", testFoo.GetData());
}

无论您使用的是++testFoo还是testfoo++，都将得到相同的结果代码。事实上，无需从用户读取计数，优化器将整个事情归结为一个常数。所以这个:

for(int i=0; i<10; i++)
{
    testFoo++;
}

printf("Value: %d\n", testFoo.GetData());

结果如下:

00401000  push        0Ah  
00401002  push        offset string "Value: %d\n" (402104h) 
00401007  call        dword ptr [__imp__printf (4020A0h)] 

因此，虽然后缀版本肯定会更慢，但如果你不使用它，优化器可能会足够好，可以摆脱临时副本。

@Ketan

.．.加薪忽略了关于意图和性能的细节。有时我们想用iter++而不是++iter。

Obviously post and pre-increment have different semantics and I'm sure everyone agrees that when the result is used you should use the appropriate operator. I think the question is what should one do when the result is discarded (as in for loops). The answer to this question (IMHO) is that, since the performance considerations are negligible at best, you should do what is more natural. For myself ++i is more natural but my experience tells me that I'm in a minority and using i++ will cause less metal overhead for most people reading your code.

毕竟，这就是语言不叫“c++ C”的原因。[*]

[*]插入关于c++ C是一个更合乎逻辑的名称的必要讨论。

谷歌c++风格指南说:

Preincrement and Predecrement Use prefix form (++i) of the increment and decrement operators with iterators and other template objects. Definition: When a variable is incremented (++i or i++) or decremented (--i or i--) and the value of the expression is not used, one must decide whether to preincrement (decrement) or postincrement (decrement). Pros: When the return value is ignored, the "pre" form (++i) is never less efficient than the "post" form (i++), and is often more efficient. This is because post-increment (or decrement) requires a copy of i to be made, which is the value of the expression. If i is an iterator or other non-scalar type, copying i could be expensive. Since the two types of increment behave the same when the value is ignored, why not just always pre-increment? Cons: The tradition developed, in C, of using post-increment when the expression value is not used, especially in for loops. Some find post-increment easier to read, since the "subject" (i) precedes the "verb" (++), just like in English. Decision: For simple scalar (non-object) values there is no reason to prefer one form and we allow either. For iterators and other template types, use pre-increment.

Mark:只是想指出操作符++是很好的内联候选者，如果编译器选择这样做，在大多数情况下多余的拷贝将被消除。(例如POD类型，迭代器通常是这种类型。)

也就是说，在大多数情况下使用++iter仍然是更好的风格。: -)