我写了一个工厂来产生java.sql.Connection对象:
public class MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory implements DatabaseConnectionFactory {
@Override public Connection getConnection() {
try {
return DriverManager.getConnection(...);
} catch (SQLException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
我想验证传递给DriverManager的参数。getConnection，但我不知道如何模拟静态方法。我的测试用例使用JUnit 4和Mockito。是否有一个好的方法来模拟/验证这个特定的用例?
当前回答
使用JMockit框架。这对我很管用。您不必为模拟dbconnection . getconnection()方法编写语句。只要下面的代码就足够了。
下面的@Mock是mockit。模拟方案
Connection jdbcConnection = Mockito.mock(Connection.class);
MockUp<DBConnection> mockUp = new MockUp<DBConnection>() {
DBConnection singleton = new DBConnection();
@Mock
public DBConnection getInstance() {
return singleton;
}
@Mock
public Connection getConnection() {
return jdbcConnection;
}
};
其他回答
观察:当您在静态实体中调用静态方法时，您需要更改@PrepareForTest中的类。
例如:
securityAlgo = MessageDigest.getInstance(SECURITY_ALGORITHM);
对于上面的代码，如果您需要模拟MessageDigest类，请使用
@PrepareForTest(MessageDigest.class)
而如果你有如下内容:
public class CustomObjectRule {
object = DatatypeConverter.printHexBinary(MessageDigest.getInstance(SECURITY_ALGORITHM)
.digest(message.getBytes(ENCODING)));
}
然后，您需要准备这个代码所在的类。
@PrepareForTest(CustomObjectRule.class)
然后模拟这个方法:
PowerMockito.mockStatic(MessageDigest.class);
PowerMockito.when(MessageDigest.getInstance(Mockito.anyString()))
.thenThrow(new RuntimeException());
要模拟静态方法，您应该使用Powermock查看: https://github.com/powermock/powermock/wiki/MockStatic。 Mockito不提供这种功能。
你可以读到一篇关于mockito的文章: http://refcardz.dzone.com/refcardz/mockito
从Mockito 3.4.0开始，就可以在Mockito中模拟静态方法。 详情见:
https://github.com/mockito/mockito/releases/tag/v3.4.0
https://github.com/mockito/mockito/issues/1013
https://javadoc.io/doc/org.mockito/mockito-core/latest/org/mockito/Mockito.html#static_mocks
assertEquals("foo", Foo.method());
try (MockedStatic mocked = mockStatic(Foo.class)) {
mocked.when(Foo::method).thenReturn("bar");
assertEquals("bar", Foo.method());
mocked.verify(Foo::method);
}
assertEquals("foo", Foo.method());
在你的例子中，是这样的:
@Test
public void testStaticMockWithVerification() throws SQLException {
try (MockedStatic<DriverManager> dummy = Mockito.mockStatic(DriverManager.class)) {
DatabaseConnectionFactory factory = new MySQLDatabaseConnectionFactory();
dummy.when(() -> DriverManager.getConnection("arg1", "arg2", "arg3"))
.thenReturn(new Connection() {/*...*/});
factory.getConnection();
dummy.verify(() -> DriverManager.getConnection(eq("arg1"), eq("arg2"), eq("arg3")));
}
}
注意:模拟STATIC METHODS需要模拟内联依赖而不是模拟核心。
对于JUnit5也添加这个:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
<artifactId>mockito-junit-jupiter</artifactId>
<version>${mockito.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
在Mockito之上使用PowerMockito。
示例代码:
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(DriverManager.class)
public class Mocker {
@Test
public void shouldVerifyParameters() throws Exception {
//given
PowerMockito.mockStatic(DriverManager.class);
BDDMockito.given(DriverManager.getConnection(...)).willReturn(...);
//when
sut.execute(); // System Under Test (sut)
//then
PowerMockito.verifyStatic();
DriverManager.getConnection(...);
}
更多信息:
为什么Mockito不模拟静态方法?
我也遇到过类似的问题。根据PowerMock的mockStatic文档，接受的答案对我不起作用，直到我做出了更改:@PrepareForTest(classthatcontainsstaticmethod .class)。
我不需要使用BDDMockito。
我的类:
public class SmokeRouteBuilder {
public static String smokeMessageId() {
try {
return InetAddress.getLocalHost().getHostAddress();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
log.error("Exception occurred while fetching localhost address", e);
return UUID.randomUUID().toString();
}
}
}
我的测试类:
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
@PrepareForTest(SmokeRouteBuilder.class)
public class SmokeRouteBuilderTest {
@Test
public void testSmokeMessageId_exception() throws UnknownHostException {
UUID id = UUID.randomUUID();
mockStatic(InetAddress.class);
mockStatic(UUID.class);
when(InetAddress.getLocalHost()).thenThrow(UnknownHostException.class);
when(UUID.randomUUID()).thenReturn(id);
assertEquals(id.toString(), SmokeRouteBuilder.smokeMessageId());
}
}
