要在上面的答案的基础上进行构建，获得列数据类型的格式与声明列的格式相同通常是很有用的。

例如，varchar(50)， varchar(max)， decimal(p, s)。

这允许你这样做:

SELECT 
  [Name]         = c.[name]
, [Type]         = 
    CASE 
      WHEN tp.[name] IN ('varchar', 'char', 'varbinary') THEN tp.[name] + '(' + IIF(c.max_length = -1, 'max', CAST(c.max_length AS VARCHAR(25))) + ')' 
      WHEN tp.[name] IN ('nvarchar','nchar') THEN tp.[name] + '(' + IIF(c.max_length = -1, 'max', CAST(c.max_length / 2 AS VARCHAR(25)))+ ')'      
      WHEN tp.[name] IN ('decimal', 'numeric') THEN tp.[name] + '(' + CAST(c.[precision] AS VARCHAR(25)) + ', ' + CAST(c.[scale] AS VARCHAR(25)) + ')'
      WHEN tp.[name] IN ('datetime2') THEN tp.[name] + '(' + CAST(c.[scale] AS VARCHAR(25)) + ')'
      ELSE tp.[name]
    END
, [RawType]      = tp.[name]
, [MaxLength]    = c.max_length
, [Precision]    = c.[precision]
, [Scale]        = c.scale
, [IsNullable]   = c.is_nullable
FROM sys.tables t 
JOIN sys.schemas s ON t.schema_id = s.schema_id
JOIN sys.columns c ON t.object_id = c.object_id
JOIN sys.types tp ON c.user_type_id = tp.user_type_id
WHERE s.[name] = 'dbo' AND t.[name] = 'MyTable'

对于Apache Derby，如下面的答案所示:

select columndatatype from sys.syscolumns
  where referenceid = (
    select tableid from sys.systables
    where tablename = 'YOUR_TABEL_NAME'
    and columnname= 'YOUR_COLUMN_NAME')

使用MS SQL的另一个变体:

SELECT TYPE_NAME(system_type_id) 
FROM sys.columns 
WHERE name = 'column_name'
AND [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('[dbo].[table_name]');

下面的SQL脚本在我的结束完美地工作。

SELECT column_name AS 'Column Name',data_type AS 'Data Type' 
FROM information_schema.columns 
WHERE table_name = '[Table Name]'

SHOW COLUMNS FROM //table_name// ;

它将为您提供关于表中所有列的信息。

如果有人觉得这个有用的话。在SQL Server中:

      sp_columns 'yourtablename'

这将给出所有列的详细信息。它提供了column_name、data_type、type_name、precision、length、iss_nullable等。