在我的例子中，命令sudo apt-get install unixodbc-dev解决了这个问题。我得到了一个特定于sql.h头文件的错误。

h只是一个头文件。gcc使用它来构建应用程序。您需要安装一个名为python-dev的包。这个包包括头文件、静态库和用于构建Python模块、扩展Python解释器或在应用程序中嵌入Python的开发工具。

输入:

$ sudo apt-get install python-dev

or

# apt-get install python-dev

参见http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/debian-ubuntu-linux-python-h-file-not-found-error-solution/

python3:

sudo apt-get install python3-dev \
     build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev \
     libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev zlib1g-dev \
     python3-pip

Python2:

sudo apt-get install python2-dev  \
     build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev \
     libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev zlib1g-dev \
     python2-pip

在ubuntu 14.04中:

sudo apt-file search ffi.h 

返回:

chipmunk-dev: /usr/include/chipmunk/chipmunk_ffi.h
ghc-doc: /usr/share/doc/ghc-doc/html/users_guide/ffi.html
jython-doc: /usr/share/doc/jython-doc/html/javadoc/org/python/modules/jffi/jffi.html
libffi-dev: /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/ffi.h
libffi-dev: /usr/share/doc/libffi6/html/Using-libffi.html
libgirepository1.0-dev: /usr/include/gobject-introspection-1.0/girffi.h
libgirepository1.0-doc: /usr/share/gtk-doc/html/gi/gi-girffi.html
mlton-basis: /usr/lib/mlton/include/basis-ffi.h
pypy-doc: /usr/share/doc/pypy-doc/html/config/objspace.usemodules._ffi.html
pypy-doc: /usr/share/doc/pypy-doc/html/config/objspace.usemodules._rawffi.html
pypy-doc: /usr/share/doc/pypy-doc/html/rffi.html

我选择安装libffi-dev

sudo apt-get install libffi-dev

完美的工作

这对我来说已经足够了:

sudo apt-get install build-essential

对我来说，它有助于安装libxml2-dev和libxslt1-dev。

sudo apt-get install libxml2-dev