我试图从一个私有的GitHub存储库安装一个Python包。对于一个公共存储库,我可以发出以下命令,它可以正常工作:

pip install git+git://github.com/django/django.git

然而,如果我在私有存储库中尝试这样做:

pip install git+git://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git

我得到以下输出:

Downloading/unpacking git+git://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git
Cloning Git repository git://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git to /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-VRsIoo-build
Complete output from command /usr/local/bin/git clone git://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-VRsIoo-build:
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

Cloning into /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-VRsIoo-build...

----------------------------------------
Command /usr/local/bin/git clone git://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-VRsIoo-build failed with error code 128

我想这是因为我试图在不提供任何身份验证的情况下访问私有存储库。因此,我尝试使用Git + ssh,希望pip会使用我的ssh公钥进行身份验证:

pip install git+ssh://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git

输出如下:

Downloading/unpacking git+ssh://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git
Cloning Git repository ssh://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git to /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-DQB8s4-build
Complete output from command /usr/local/bin/git clone ssh://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-DQB8s4-build:
Cloning into /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-DQB8s4-build...

Permission denied (publickey).

fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

----------------------------------------
Command /usr/local/bin/git clone ssh://github.com/echweb/echweb-utils.git /var/folders/cB/cB85g9P7HM4jcPn7nrvWRU+++TI/-Tmp-/pip-DQB8s4-build failed with error code 128

我想要达到的目标可能吗?如果有,我该怎么做?


当前回答

如果需要在命令行一行程序中执行此操作,也可以这样做。我能够这样做部署在谷歌Colab:

创建个人访问令牌:https://docs.github.com/en/github/authenticating-to-github/creating-a-personal-access-token 执行命令pip install git+https://<USERNAME>:<PERSONAL ACCESS TOKEN>@github.com/<ACCOUNT>/<REPOSITORY>.git

其他回答

需求文件的语法如下:

https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/reference/pip_install.html#requirements-file-format

例如,使用:

-e git+http://github.com/rwillmer/django-behave#egg=django-behave

如果您想在安装后保留源代码。

或者只是

git+http://github.com/rwillmer/django-behave#egg=django-behave

如果你只是想安装它。

如果你想在CI服务器中安装需求文件中的依赖项,你可以这样做:

git config --global credential.helper 'cache'
echo "protocol=https
host=example.com
username=${GIT_USER}
password=${GIT_PASS}
" | git credential approve
pip install -r requirements.txt

在我的例子中,我使用GIT_USER=gitlab-ci-token和GIT_PASS=${CI_JOB_TOKEN}。

这种方法有明显的优点。您有一个包含所有依赖项的需求文件。

我的情况比答案中描述的大多数情况都要复杂。我是Github组织中两个私有存储库repo_A和repo_B的所有者,需要在repo_B的python单元测试期间pip安装repo_A,作为Github操作。

我解决这个问题的步骤是:

Created a Personal Access Token for my account. As for its permissions, I only needed to keep the default ones, .i.e. repo - Full control of private repositories. Created a repository secret under repo_B, pasted my Personal Access Token in there and named it PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN. This was important because, unlike the solution proposed by Jamie, I didn't need to explicitly expose my precious raw Personal Access Token inside the github action .yml file. Finally, pip install the package from source via HTTPS (not SSH) as follows:

export PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN=${{ secrets.PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN }}

pip install git+https://${PERSONAL_ACCESS_TOKEN}@github.com/MY_ORG_NAME/repo_A.git

如果你在GitHub, GitLab等上有自己的库/包,你必须添加一个标签来提交一个具体版本的库,例如v2.0,然后你可以安装你的包:

pip install git+ssh://link/name/repo.git@v2.0

这对我很有用。其他的解决方案对我都不起作用。

它也适用于Bitbucket:

pip install git+ssh://git@bitbucket.org/username/projectname.git

在这种情况下,Pip将使用您的SSH密钥。