我试图从一个csv文件创建一个字典。csv文件的第一列包含唯一的键,第二列包含值。csv文件的每一行都表示字典中的唯一键、值对。我尝试使用csv文件。DictReader和csv。类的DictWriter,但我只知道如何为每一行生成一个新字典。我想要一本字典。这是我试图使用的代码:

import csv

with open('coors.csv', mode='r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(infile)
    with open('coors_new.csv', mode='w') as outfile:
    writer = csv.writer(outfile)
    for rows in reader:
        k = rows[0]
        v = rows[1]
        mydict = {k:v for k, v in rows}
    print(mydict)

当我运行上面的代码时,我得到一个ValueError:太多的值来解包(预期2)。我如何从csv文件创建一个字典?谢谢。


当前回答

一行程序解决方案

import pandas as pd

dict = {row[0] : row[1] for _, row in pd.read_csv("file.csv").iterrows()}

其他回答

通过调用Open,然后使用csv.DictReader打开文件。

input_file = csv.DictReader(open("coors.csv"))

您可以通过迭代input_file遍历csv文件dict读取器对象的行。

for row in input_file:
    print(row)

或 仅访问第一行

dictobj = csv.DictReader(open('coors.csv')).next() 

更新 在python 3+版本中,这段代码会有一些变化:

reader = csv.DictReader(open('coors.csv'))
dictobj = next(reader) 

你只需要转换csv。读者dict:

~ >> cat > 1.csv
key1, value1
key2, value2
key2, value22
key3, value3

~ >> cat > d.py
import csv
with open('1.csv') as f:
    d = dict(filter(None, csv.reader(f)))

print(d)

~ >> python d.py
{'key3': ' value3', 'key2': ' value22', 'key1': ' value1'}

我建议添加if行,以防文件末尾有空行

import csv
with open('coors.csv', mode='r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(infile)
    with open('coors_new.csv', mode='w') as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile)
        mydict = dict(row[:2] for row in reader if row)

对于简单的csv文件,例如以下文件

id,col1,col2,col3
row1,r1c1,r1c2,r1c3
row2,r2c1,r2c2,r2c3
row3,r3c1,r3c2,r3c3
row4,r4c1,r4c2,r4c3

您可以仅使用内置函数将其转换为Python字典

with open(csv_file) as f:
    csv_list = [[val.strip() for val in r.split(",")] for r in f.readlines()]

(_, *header), *data = csv_list
csv_dict = {}
for row in data:
    key, *values = row   
    csv_dict[key] = {key: value for key, value in zip(header, values)}

这将产生以下字典

{'row1': {'col1': 'r1c1', 'col2': 'r1c2', 'col3': 'r1c3'},
 'row2': {'col1': 'r2c1', 'col2': 'r2c2', 'col3': 'r2c3'},
 'row3': {'col1': 'r3c1', 'col2': 'r3c2', 'col3': 'r3c3'},
 'row4': {'col1': 'r4c1', 'col2': 'r4c2', 'col3': 'r4c3'}}

注意:Python字典有唯一的键,所以如果你的csv文件有重复的id,你应该把每一行都附加到一个列表中。

for row in data:
    key, *values = row

    if key not in csv_dict:
            csv_dict[key] = []

    csv_dict[key].append({key: value for key, value in zip(header, values)})

我相信您正在寻找的语法如下:

import csv

with open('coors.csv', mode='r') as infile:
    reader = csv.reader(infile)
    with open('coors_new.csv', mode='w') as outfile:
        writer = csv.writer(outfile)
        mydict = {rows[0]:rows[1] for rows in reader}

另外,对于python <= 2.7.1,你需要:

mydict = dict((rows[0],rows[1]) for rows in reader)