只需创建一个PKCS12密钥库，Java现在可以直接使用它了。事实上，如果您列出一个java风格的密钥存储库，keytool本身就会提醒您PKCS12现在是首选格式。

openssl pkcs12 -export -in server.crt -inkey server.key \
               -out server.p12 -name [some-alias] \
               -CAfile ca.crt -caname root -chain

您应该已经收到了所有三个文件(服务器。crt,服务器。密钥，ca.crt)从您的证书提供者。我不确定“-caname root”实际上是什么意思，但它似乎必须这样指定。

在Java代码中，确保指定了正确的密钥库类型。

KeyStore.getInstance("PKCS12")

我通过这种方式在NanoHTTPD中获得了comodo.com颁发的SSL证书。

使用Let's Encrypt证书

假设您已经在/etc/letsencrypt/live/you.com中使用Let's Encrypt创建了您的证书和私钥:

1. 创建一个PKCS #12文件

openssl pkcs12 -export -in fullchain.pem -inkey privkey.pem -out pkcs.p12 \
        -name letsencrypt

这将结合您的SSL证书全链。Pem和您的私钥privkey。Pem到一个文件，pkcs.p12。

系统将提示您输入pkcs.p12的密码。

导出选项指定将创建PKCS #12文件，而不是解析(根据手册)。

2. 创建Java密钥库

keytool -importkeystore -destkeystore keystore.jks -srckeystore pkcs.p12 \
        -srcstoretype PKCS12 -alias letsencrypt

如果密钥存储库。JKS不存在，它将包含pkcs被创建。12文件创建上面。否则，您将导入pkcs。12到现有的密钥存储库中。

这些说明来自本博客上的文章“从Let’s Encrypt Certificates创建Java密钥存储库(. jks)”。

这里有更多关于/etc/letsencrypt/live/ u.com/中不同类型文件的信息。

是的，keytool没有导入私钥的功能，这确实是一个可悲的事实。

在最后，我使用了这里描述的解决方案

信不信由你，keytool并没有提供像将私钥导入keystore这样的基本功能。您可以尝试将PKSC12文件与私钥合并到keystore中:

keytool -importkeystore \
  -deststorepass storepassword \
  -destkeypass keypassword \
  -destkeystore my-keystore.jks \
  -srckeystore cert-and-key.p12 \
  -srcstoretype PKCS12 \
  -srcstorepass p12password \
  -alias 1

或者使用IBM的更友好的KeyMan来处理密钥库，而不是keytool。

还有一点:

#!/bin/bash

# We have:
#
# 1) $KEY : Secret key in PEM format ("-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----") 
# 2) $LEAFCERT : Certificate for secret key obtained from some
#    certification outfit, also in PEM format ("-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----")   
# 3) $CHAINCERT : Intermediate certificate linking $LEAFCERT to a trusted
#    Self-Signed Root CA Certificate 
#
# We want to create a fresh Java "keystore" $TARGET_KEYSTORE with the
# password $TARGET_STOREPW, to be used by Tomcat for HTTPS Connector.
#
# The keystore must contain: $KEY, $LEAFCERT, $CHAINCERT
# The Self-Signed Root CA Certificate is obtained by Tomcat from the
# JDK's truststore in /etc/pki/java/cacerts

# The non-APR HTTPS connector (APR uses OpenSSL-like configuration, much
# easier than this) in server.xml looks like this 
# (See: https://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-6.0-doc/ssl-howto.html):
#
#  <Connector port="8443" protocol="org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol"
#                SSLEnabled="true"
#                maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true"
#                clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS"
#                keystoreFile="/etc/tomcat6/etl-web.keystore.jks"
#                keystorePass="changeit" />
#

# Let's roll:    

TARGET_KEYSTORE=/etc/tomcat6/foo-server.keystore.jks
TARGET_STOREPW=changeit

TLS=/etc/pki/tls

KEY=$TLS/private/httpd/foo-server.example.com.key
LEAFCERT=$TLS/certs/httpd/foo-server.example.com.pem
CHAINCERT=$TLS/certs/httpd/chain.cert.pem

# ----
# Create PKCS#12 file to import using keytool later
# ----

# From https://www.sslshopper.com/ssl-converter.html:
# The PKCS#12 or PFX format is a binary format for storing the server certificate,
# any intermediate certificates, and the private key in one encryptable file. PFX
# files usually have extensions such as .pfx and .p12. PFX files are typically used 
# on Windows machines to import and export certificates and private keys.

TMPPW=$$ # Some random password

PKCS12FILE=`mktemp`

if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
  echo "Creation of temporary PKCS12 file failed -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi

TRANSITFILE=`mktemp`

if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
  echo "Creation of temporary transit file failed -- exiting" >&2; exit 1
fi

cat "$KEY" "$LEAFCERT" > "$TRANSITFILE"

openssl pkcs12 -export -passout "pass:$TMPPW" -in "$TRANSITFILE" -name etl-web > "$PKCS12FILE"

/bin/rm "$TRANSITFILE"

# Print out result for fun! Bug in doc (I think): "-pass " arg does not work, need "-passin"

openssl pkcs12 -passin "pass:$TMPPW" -passout "pass:$TMPPW" -in "$PKCS12FILE" -info

# ----
# Import contents of PKCS12FILE into a Java keystore. WTF, Sun, what were you thinking?
# ----

if [[ -f "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" ]]; then
  /bin/rm "$TARGET_KEYSTORE"
fi

keytool -importkeystore \
   -deststorepass  "$TARGET_STOREPW" \
   -destkeypass    "$TARGET_STOREPW" \
   -destkeystore   "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" \
   -srckeystore    "$PKCS12FILE" \
   -srcstoretype  PKCS12 \
   -srcstorepass  "$TMPPW" \
   -alias foo-the-server

/bin/rm "$PKCS12FILE"

# ----
# Import the chain certificate. This works empirically, it is not at all clear from the doc whether this is correct
# ----

echo "Importing chain"

TT=-trustcacerts

keytool -import $TT -storepass "$TARGET_STOREPW" -file "$CHAINCERT" -keystore "$TARGET_KEYSTORE" -alias chain

# ----
# Print contents
# ----

echo "Listing result"

keytool -list -storepass "$TARGET_STOREPW" -keystore "$TARGET_KEYSTORE"

您可以使用这些步骤将密钥导入到现有的密钥存储库。这些说明结合了这个帖子和其他网站的答案。这些指令对我来说是有效的(java密钥库):

运行

Openssl pkcs12 -export -in你的服务器。CRT -inkey你的钥匙。密钥输出服务器。P12 -name someename -certfile yourca. xmlCRT -caname根

(如果需要，使用-chain选项。这样做对我来说失败了)。 这将要求密码-您必须提供正确的密码，否则将得到一个错误 (标题错误或填充错误等)。

It will ask you to enter a new password - you must enter a password here - enter anything but remember it. (Let us assume you enter Aragorn). This will create the server.p12 file in the pkcs format. Now to import it into the *.jks file run: keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore server.p12 -srcstoretype PKCS12 -destkeystore yourexistingjavakeystore.jks -deststoretype JKS -deststorepass existingjavastorepassword -destkeypass existingjavastorepassword (Very important - do not leave out the deststorepass and the destkeypass parameters.) It will ask you for the src key store password. Enter Aragorn and hit enter. The certificate and key is now imported into your existing java keystore.