string xyz = "1   2   3   4   5";
xyz = string.Join( " ", xyz.Split( new char[] { ' ' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries ));

string sentence = "This is a sentence with multiple    spaces";
RegexOptions options = RegexOptions.None;
Regex regex = new Regex("[ ]{2,}", options);     
sentence = regex.Replace(sentence, " ");

不使用正则表达式:

while (myString.IndexOf("  ", StringComparison.CurrentCulture) != -1)
{
    myString = myString.Replace("  ", " ");
}

可以在短弦上使用，但在有很多空格的长弦上表现不佳。

根据Joel的说法，巩固其他答案，并希望随着我的前进略有改善:

你可以用Regex.Replace()来实现:

string s = Regex.Replace (
    "   1  2    4 5", 
    @"[ ]{2,}", 
    " "
    );

或者使用String.Split():

static class StringExtensions
{
    public static string Join(this IList<string> value, string separator)
    {
        return string.Join(separator, value.ToArray());
    }
}

//...

string s = "     1  2    4 5".Split (
    " ".ToCharArray(), 
    StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries
    ).Join (" ");

老派：

string oldText = "   1 2  3   4    5     ";
string newText = oldText
                    .Replace("  ", " " + (char)22 )
                    .Replace( (char)22 + " ", "" )
                    .Replace( (char)22 + "", "" );

Assert.That( newText, Is.EqualTo( " 1 2 3 4 5 " ) );

许多答案都提供了正确的输出，但对于那些寻找最佳性能的人来说，我确实将Nolanar的答案(性能的最佳答案)提高了大约10%。

public static string MergeSpaces(this string str)
{

    if (str == null)
    {
        return null;
    }
    else
    {
        StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(str.Length);

        int i = 0;
        foreach (char c in str)
        {
            if (c != ' ' || i == 0 || str[i - 1] != ' ')
                stringBuilder.Append(c);
            i++;
        }
        return stringBuilder.ToString();
    }

}