这段代码工作,并向我发送电子邮件就好:

import smtplib
#SERVER = "localhost"

FROM = 'monty@python.com'

TO = ["jon@mycompany.com"] # must be a list

SUBJECT = "Hello!"

TEXT = "This message was sent with Python's smtplib."

# Prepare actual message

message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s

%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)

# Send the mail

server = smtplib.SMTP('myserver')
server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
server.quit()

然而,如果我试图将它包装在这样一个函数中:

def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
    import smtplib
    """this is some test documentation in the function"""
    message = """\
        From: %s
        To: %s
        Subject: %s
        %s
        """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    # Send the mail
    server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.quit()

我得到以下错误:

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Python31/mailtest1.py", line 8, in <module>
    sendmail.sendMail(sender,recipients,subject,body,server)
  File "C:/Python31\sendmail.py", line 13, in sendMail
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 720, in sendmail
    self.rset()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 444, in rset
    return self.docmd("rset")
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 368, in docmd
    return self.getreply()
  File "C:\Python31\lib\smtplib.py", line 345, in getreply
    raise SMTPServerDisconnected("Connection unexpectedly closed")
smtplib.SMTPServerDisconnected: Connection unexpectedly closed

有人能告诉我为什么吗?


当前回答

import smtplib

s = smtplib.SMTP(your smtp server, smtp port) #SMTP session

message = "Hii!!!"

s.sendmail("sender", "Receiver", message) # sending the mail

s.quit() # terminating the session

其他回答

import smtplib

s = smtplib.SMTP(your smtp server, smtp port) #SMTP session

message = "Hii!!!"

s.sendmail("sender", "Receiver", message) # sending the mail

s.quit() # terminating the session

就你的代码而言,它似乎没有任何根本性的错误,除了,不清楚你实际上是如何调用这个函数的。我能想到的是,当您的服务器没有响应时,您将得到这个SMTPServerDisconnected错误。如果您查找smtplib中的getreply()函数(摘自下面),您将得到一个概念。

def getreply(self):
    """Get a reply from the server.

    Returns a tuple consisting of:

      - server response code (e.g. '250', or such, if all goes well)
        Note: returns -1 if it can't read response code.

      - server response string corresponding to response code (multiline
        responses are converted to a single, multiline string).

    Raises SMTPServerDisconnected if end-of-file is reached.
    """

查看https://github.com/rreddy80/sendEmails/blob/master/sendEmailAttachments.py上的一个例子,它也使用了一个函数调用来发送电子邮件,如果这就是你想要做的(DRY方法)。

下面是Python 3的一个例子。X,比2.x简单得多:

import smtplib
from email.message import EmailMessage
def send_mail(to_email, subject, message, server='smtp.example.cn',
              from_email='xx@example.com'):
    # import smtplib
    msg = EmailMessage()
    msg['Subject'] = subject
    msg['From'] = from_email
    msg['To'] = ', '.join(to_email)
    msg.set_content(message)
    print(msg)
    server = smtplib.SMTP(server)
    server.set_debuglevel(1)
    server.login(from_email, 'password')  # user & password
    server.send_message(msg)
    server.quit()
    print('successfully sent the mail.')

调用这个函数:

send_mail(to_email=['12345@qq.com', '12345@126.com'],
          subject='hello', message='Your analysis has done!')

以下仅限中国用户使用:

If you use 126/163, NetEase Mail, you need to set" Client Authorization Password ", like below:

裁判:https://stackoverflow.com/a/41470149/2803344 https://docs.python.org/3/library/email.examples.html#email-examples

在缩进函数中的代码时(这是可以的),还缩进了原始消息字符串的行。但是前导空白意味着标题行的折叠(连接),如RFC 2822 - Internet Message Format的2.2.3和3.2.3节所述:

每个报头字段在逻辑上是由一行字符组成的 字段名、冒号和字段主体。为了方便 但是,为了处理每行998/78个字符的限制, 报头字段的字段主体部分可以分成多个 线表示;这叫做“折叠”。

在sendmail调用的函数形式中,所有行都以空白开始,因此是“展开的”(连接),您正在尝试发送

From: monty@python.com    To: jon@mycompany.com    Subject: Hello!    This message was sent with Python's smtplib.

与我们的想法不同,smtplib将不再理解To:和Subject:头文件,因为这些名称只在一行的开头被识别。相反,smtplib将假设一个非常长的发送者电子邮件地址:

monty@python.com    To: jon@mycompany.com    Subject: Hello!    This message was sent with Python's smtplib.

这将不起作用,因此出现异常。

解决方案很简单:只保留原来的消息字符串。这可以通过一个函数来完成(正如Zeeshan建议的那样),也可以直接在源代码中完成:

import smtplib

def sendMail(FROM,TO,SUBJECT,TEXT,SERVER):
    """this is some test documentation in the function"""
    message = """\
From: %s
To: %s
Subject: %s

%s
""" % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    # Send the mail
    server = smtplib.SMTP(SERVER)
    server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
    server.quit()

现在展开没有发生,你发送

From: monty@python.com
To: jon@mycompany.com
Subject: Hello!

This message was sent with Python's smtplib.

这就是您的旧代码所做的工作。

请注意,我还保留了标题和正文之间的空行,以适应RFC的第3.5节(这是必需的),并根据Python风格指南PEP-0008(这是可选的)将include放在函数之外。

我对发送电子邮件的包选项不满意,我决定制作并开源我自己的电子邮件发送器。它易于使用,并支持高级用例。

如何安装:

pip install redmail

用法:

from redmail import EmailSender
email = EmailSender(
    host="<SMTP HOST ADDRESS>",
    port=<PORT NUMBER>,
)

email.send(
    sender="me@example.com",
    receivers=["you@example.com"],
    subject="An example email",
    text="Hi, this is text body.",
    html="<h1>Hi,</h1><p>this is HTML body</p>"
)

如果您的服务器需要用户和密码,只需将user_name和密码传递给EmailSender。

我在send方法中包含了很多特性:

包含附件 将图像直接包含到HTML主体中 金贾的模板 漂亮的HTML表格开箱即用

文档: https://red-mail.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

源代码:https://github.com/Miksus/red-mail