用javascript我怎么能添加一个查询字符串参数的url，如果不存在或如果它存在，更新当前值?我使用jquery为我的客户端开发。
当前回答
我从这里得出的结论(与“使用严格”相容;并不真正使用jQuery):
function decodeURIParams(query) {
if (query == null)
query = window.location.search;
if (query[0] == '?')
query = query.substring(1);
var params = query.split('&');
var result = {};
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var param = params[i];
var pos = param.indexOf('=');
if (pos >= 0) {
var key = decodeURIComponent(param.substring(0, pos));
var val = decodeURIComponent(param.substring(pos + 1));
result[key] = val;
} else {
var key = decodeURIComponent(param);
result[key] = true;
}
}
return result;
}
function encodeURIParams(params, addQuestionMark) {
var pairs = [];
for (var key in params) if (params.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
var value = params[key];
if (value != null) /* matches null and undefined */ {
pairs.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value))
}
}
if (pairs.length == 0)
return '';
return (addQuestionMark ? '?' : '') + pairs.join('&');
}
//// alternative to $.extend if not using jQuery:
// function mergeObjects(destination, source) {
// for (var key in source) if (source.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
// destination[key] = source[key];
// }
// return destination;
// }
function navigateWithURIParams(newParams) {
window.location.search = encodeURIParams($.extend(decodeURIParams(), newParams), true);
}
使用示例:
// add/update parameters
navigateWithURIParams({ foo: 'bar', boz: 42 });
// remove parameter
navigateWithURIParams({ foo: null });
// submit the given form by adding/replacing URI parameters (with jQuery)
$('.filter-form').submit(function(e) {
e.preventDefault();
navigateWithURIParams(decodeURIParams($(this).serialize()));
});
其他回答
下面是使用锚HTML元素的内置属性的另一种方法:
处理多值参数。 没有修改#片段或查询字符串本身以外的任何内容的风险。 可能会更容易读?但是它更长。
var a = document.createElement('a'), getHrefWithUpdatedQueryString = function(param, value) { return updatedQueryString(window.location.href, param, value); }, updatedQueryString = function(url, param, value) { /* A function which modifies the query string by setting one parameter to a single value. Any other instances of parameter will be removed/replaced. */ var fragment = encodeURIComponent(param) + '=' + encodeURIComponent(value); a.href = url; if (a.search.length === 0) { a.search = '?' + fragment; } else { var didReplace = false, // Remove leading '?' parts = a.search.substring(1) // Break into pieces .split('&'), reassemble = [], len = parts.length; for (var i = 0; i < len; i++) { var pieces = parts[i].split('='); if (pieces[0] === param) { if (!didReplace) { reassemble.push('&' + fragment); didReplace = true; } } else { reassemble.push(parts[i]); } } if (!didReplace) { reassemble.push('&' + fragment); } a.search = reassemble.join('&'); } return a.href; };
基于@amateur的回答(现在结合了来自@j_walker_dev评论的修复)，但考虑到url中关于散列标签的评论，我使用以下方法:
function updateQueryStringParameter(uri, key, value) {
var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)", "i");
if (uri.match(re)) {
return uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2');
} else {
var hash = '';
if( uri.indexOf('#') !== -1 ){
hash = uri.replace(/.*#/, '#');
uri = uri.replace(/#.*/, '');
}
var separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?";
return uri + separator + key + "=" + value + hash;
}
}
编辑修复[?|&]在正则表达式中当然应该是[?正如评论中指出的那样
编辑:支持删除URL参数的替代版本。我已经使用value === undefined作为表示删除的方式。可以使用value === false，甚至可以根据需要使用单独的输入参数。
function updateQueryStringParameter(uri, key, value) {
var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)", "i");
if( value === undefined ) {
if (uri.match(re)) {
return uri.replace(re, '$1$2').replace(/[?&]$/, '').replaceAll(/([?&])&+/g, '$1').replace(/[?&]#/, '#');
} else {
return uri;
}
} else {
if (uri.match(re)) {
return uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2');
} else {
var hash = '';
if( uri.indexOf('#') !== -1 ){
hash = uri.replace(/.*#/, '#');
uri = uri.replace(/#.*/, '');
}
var separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?";
return uri + separator + key + "=" + value + hash;
}
}
}
详见https://jsfiddle.net/cdt16wex/
根据@ellemayo给出的答案，我提出了以下解决方案，如果需要，可以禁用散列标签:
function updateQueryString(key, value, options) {
if (!options) options = {};
var url = options.url || location.href;
var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)(.*)", "gi"), hash;
hash = url.split('#');
url = hash[0];
if (re.test(url)) {
if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
url = url.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2$3');
} else {
url = url.replace(re, '$1$3').replace(/(&|\?)$/, '');
}
} else if (typeof value !== 'undefined' && value !== null) {
var separator = url.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '&' : '?';
url = url + separator + key + '=' + value;
}
if ((typeof options.hash === 'undefined' || options.hash) &&
typeof hash[1] !== 'undefined' && hash[1] !== null)
url += '#' + hash[1];
return url;
}
这样叫它:
updateQueryString('foo', 'bar', {
url: 'http://my.example.com#hash',
hash: false
});
结果:
http://my.example.com?foo=bar
URLSearchParams是如此简单，所有现代浏览器(caniuse)都支持。
let p = new URLSearchParams(); p.set(“foo”、“酒吧”); p.set(“name”，“Jack & Jill?”); console.log (" http://example.com/? "+ p.toString ());
如果你想修改现有的URL，像这样构造对象:new URLSearchParams(window.location.search)并将字符串赋值给window.location.search。
我想要的是:
使用浏览器的本地URL API 可以添加、更新、获取或删除吗 期望在散列之后的查询字符串，例如对于单页应用程序
function queryParam(options = {}) { var defaults = { method: 'set', url: window.location.href, key: undefined, value: undefined, } for (var prop in defaults) { options[prop] = typeof options[prop] !== 'undefined' ? options[prop] : defaults[prop] } const existing = (options.url.lastIndexOf('?') > options.url.lastIndexOf('#')) ? options.url.substr(options.url.lastIndexOf('?') + 1) : '' const query = new URLSearchParams(existing) if (options.method === 'set') { query.set(options.key, options.value) return `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` } else if (options.method === 'get') { const val = query.get(options.key) let result = val === null ? val : val.toString() return result } else if (options.method === 'delete') { query.delete(options.key) let result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` const lastChar = result.charAt(result.length - 1) if (lastChar === '?') { result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}` } return result } } // Usage: let url = 'https://example.com/sandbox/#page/' url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-first-param', value: 'me' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'you' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'whomever' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-first-param' }) console.log(url) const mySecondParam = queryParam({ url, method: 'get', key: 'my-second-param', }) console.log(mySecondParam) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-second-param' }) console.log(url)
