当我试图删除一个非空文件夹时,我得到一个“访问被拒绝”错误。我在尝试中使用了以下命令:os.remove("/folder_name")。

删除一个非空文件夹/目录最有效的方法是什么?


当前回答

来自os.walk()的python文档:

# Delete everything reachable from the directory named in 'top',
# assuming there are no symbolic links.
# CAUTION:  This is dangerous!  For example, if top == '/', it
# could delete all your disk files.
import os
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=False):
    for name in files:
        os.remove(os.path.join(root, name))
    for name in dirs:
        os.rmdir(os.path.join(root, name))

其他回答

从docs.python.org:

这个例子展示了如何在Windows中删除目录树 有些文件设置了只读位。它使用onerror 回调以清除只读位并重新尝试删除。任何 随后的失败将会传播。 导入os, stat 进口shutil Def remove_readonly(func, path, _) "清除只读位并重新尝试删除" 操作系统。chmod(路径,stat.S_IWRITE) func(路径) shutil。rmtree(目录,onerror = remove_readonly)

如果你确定你想要删除整个目录树,并且不再对目录的内容感兴趣,那么爬行整个目录树是愚蠢的…只需从python中调用本机操作系统命令即可。它将更快,更有效,更少的内存消耗。

RMDIR c:\blah /s /q 

例如*那晚尼克斯。

rm -rf /home/whatever 

在python中,代码看起来像..

import sys
import os

mswindows = (sys.platform == "win32")

def getstatusoutput(cmd):
    """Return (status, output) of executing cmd in a shell."""
    if not mswindows:
        return commands.getstatusoutput(cmd)
    pipe = os.popen(cmd + ' 2>&1', 'r')
    text = pipe.read()
    sts = pipe.close()
    if sts is None: sts = 0
    if text[-1:] == '\n': text = text[:-1]
    return sts, text


def deleteDir(path):
    """deletes the path entirely"""
    if mswindows: 
        cmd = "RMDIR "+ path +" /s /q"
    else:
        cmd = "rm -rf "+path
    result = getstatusoutput(cmd)
    if(result[0]!=0):
        raise RuntimeError(result[1])

只需一些python 3.5选项就可以完成上面的回答。(我很想在这里找到它们)。

import os
import shutil
from send2trash import send2trash # (shutil delete permanently)

删除空文件夹

root = r"C:\Users\Me\Desktop\test"   
for dir, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):   
    if subdirs == [] and files == []:
           send2trash(dir)
           print(dir, ": folder removed")

删除包含此文件的also文件夹

    elif subdirs == [] and len(files) == 1: # if contains no sub folder and only 1 file 
        if files[0]== "desktop.ini" or:  
            send2trash(dir)
            print(dir, ": folder removed")
        else:
            print(dir)

删除只包含.srt或.txt文件的文件夹

    elif subdirs == []: #if dir doesn’t contains subdirectory
        ext = (".srt", ".txt")
        contains_other_ext=0
        for file in files:
            if not file.endswith(ext):  
                contains_other_ext=True
        if contains_other_ext== 0:
                send2trash(dir)
                print(dir, ": dir deleted")

删除小于400kb的文件夹:

def get_tree_size(path):
    """Return total size of files in given path and subdirs."""
    total = 0
    for entry in os.scandir(path):
        if entry.is_dir(follow_symlinks=False):
            total += get_tree_size(entry.path)
        else:
            total += entry.stat(follow_symlinks=False).st_size
    return total


for dir, subdirs, files in os.walk(root):   
    If get_tree_size(dir) < 400000:  # ≈ 400kb
        send2trash(dir)
    print(dir, "dir deleted")

与操作系统。我提出的解决方案由3个一行Python调用组成:

python -c "import sys; import os; [os.chmod(os.path.join(rs,d), 0o777) for rs,ds,fs in os.walk(_path_) for d in ds]"
python -c "import sys; import os; [os.chmod(os.path.join(rs,f), 0o777) for rs,ds,fs in os.walk(_path_) for f in fs]"
python -c "import os; import shutil; shutil.rmtree(_path_, ignore_errors=False)"

第一个脚本是chmod的所有子目录,第二个脚本是chmod的所有文件。然后第三个脚本移除所有障碍。

我已经从Jenkins作业中的“Shell脚本”中测试了这一点(我不想将新的Python脚本存储到SCM中,这就是为什么搜索一行解决方案),它适用于Linux和Windows。

在我的情况下,删除的唯一方法是使用所有的可能性,因为我的代码应该运行cmd.exe或powershell.exe。如果是你的情况,只需要用下面的代码创建一个函数就可以了:

        #!/usr/bin/env python3

        import shutil
        from os import path, system
        import sys

        # Try to delete the folder ---------------------------------------------
        if (path.isdir(folder)):
            shutil.rmtree(folder, ignore_errors=True)

        if (path.isdir(folder)):
            try:
                system("rd -r {0}".format(folder))
            except Exception as e:
                print("WARN: Failed to delete => {0}".format(e),file=sys.stderr)

        if (path.isdir(self.backup_folder_wrk)):
            try:
                system("rd /s /q {0}".format(folder))
            except Exception as e:
                print("WARN: Failed to delete => {0}".format(e),file=sys.stderr)

        if (path.isdir(folder)):
            print("WARN: Failed to delete {0}".format(folder),file=sys.stderr)
        # -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------