是否有跨浏览器的CSS/JavaScript技术来显示一个长HTML表，使列标题保持固定在屏幕上，而不随表体滚动。想想微软Excel中的“冻结窗格”效果。
我希望能够滚动表的内容，但总是能够在顶部看到列标题。
当前回答
我发现这个解决方案-移动标题行在表上面的表与数据:
<html> <head> <title>Fixed header</title> <style> table td {width:75px;} </style> </head> <body> <div style="height:auto; width:350px; overflow:auto"> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>header 1</td> <td>header 2</td> <td>header 3</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div style="height:50px; width:350px; overflow:auto"> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>row 1 col 1</td> <td>row 1 col 2</td> <td>row 1 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2 col 1</td> <td>row 2 col 2</td> <td>row 2 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 3 col 1</td> <td>row 3 col 2</td> <td>row 3 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 4 col 1</td> <td>row 4 col 2</td> <td>row 4 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 5 col 1</td> <td>row 5 col 2</td> <td>row 5 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 6 col 1</td> <td>row 6 col 2</td> <td>row 6 col 3</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>
其他回答
我喜欢Maximillian Hils的回答，但我有一些问题:
这个变换在Edge或IE中不起作用，除非你把它应用到第th项上 在Edge和IE中滚动时，标题会闪烁 我的表是使用ajax加载的，所以我想附加到窗口滚动事件，而不是包装器的滚动事件
为了摆脱闪烁，我使用一个超时等待，直到用户完成滚动，然后我应用转换-所以在滚动期间头是不可见的。
我还使用jQuery编写了这篇文章，其优点之一是jQuery可以为您处理供应商前缀
var isScrolling, lastTop, lastLeft, isLeftHidden, isTopHidden;
//Scroll events don't bubble https://stackoverflow.com/a/19375645/150342
//so can't use $(document).on("scroll", ".table-container-fixed", function (e) {
document.addEventListener('scroll', function (event) {
var $container = $(event.target);
if (!$container.hasClass("table-container-fixed"))
return;
//transform needs to be applied to th for Edge and IE
//in this example I am also fixing the leftmost column
var $topLeftCell = $container.find('table:first > thead > tr > th:first');
var $headerCells = $topLeftCell.siblings();
var $columnCells = $container
.find('table:first > tbody > tr > td:first-child, ' +
'table:first > tfoot > tr > td:first-child');
//hide the cells while returning otherwise they show on top of the data
if (!isLeftHidden) {
var currentLeft = $container.scrollLeft();
if (currentLeft < lastLeft) {
//scrolling left
isLeftHidden = true;
$topLeftCell.css('visibility', 'hidden');
$columnCells.css('visibility', 'hidden');
}
lastLeft = currentLeft;
}
if (!isTopHidden) {
var currentTop = $container.scrollTop();
if (currentTop < lastTop) {
//scrolling up
isTopHidden = true;
$topLeftCell.css('visibility', 'hidden');
$headerCells.css('visibility', 'hidden');
}
lastTop = currentTop;
}
// Using timeout to delay transform until user stops scrolling
// Clear timeout while scrolling
window.clearTimeout(isScrolling);
// Set a timeout to run after scrolling ends
isScrolling = setTimeout(function () {
//move the table cells.
var x = $container.scrollLeft();
var y = $container.scrollTop();
$topLeftCell.css('transform', 'translate(' + x + 'px, ' + y + 'px)');
$headerCells.css('transform', 'translateY(' + y + 'px)');
$columnCells.css('transform', 'translateX(' + x + 'px)');
isTopHidden = isLeftHidden = false;
$topLeftCell.css('visibility', 'inherit');
$headerCells.css('visibility', 'inherit');
$columnCells.css('visibility', 'inherit');
}, 100);
}, true);
表被包装在一个div中，类table-container-fixed。
.table-container-fixed{
overflow: auto;
height: 400px;
}
我将border-collapse设置为分开，否则在翻译过程中就会丢失边界，并且我删除了表上的边界，以防止内容在滚动过程中刚好出现在边界所在的单元格上方。
.table-container-fixed > table {
border-collapse: separate;
border:none;
}
我将th背景设置为白色以覆盖下面的单元格，并添加了与表格边框相匹配的边框——使用Bootstrap样式并滚动出视图。
.table-container-fixed > table > thead > tr > th {
border-top: 1px solid #ddd !important;
background-color: white;
z-index: 10;
position: relative;/*to make z-index work*/
}
.table-container-fixed > table > thead > tr > th:first-child {
z-index: 20;
}
.table-container-fixed > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child,
.table-container-fixed > table > tfoot > tr > td:first-child {
background-color: white;
z-index: 10;
position: relative;
}
我发现这个解决方案-移动标题行在表上面的表与数据:
<html> <head> <title>Fixed header</title> <style> table td {width:75px;} </style> </head> <body> <div style="height:auto; width:350px; overflow:auto"> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>header 1</td> <td>header 2</td> <td>header 3</td> </tr> </table> </div> <div style="height:50px; width:350px; overflow:auto"> <table border="1"> <tr> <td>row 1 col 1</td> <td>row 1 col 2</td> <td>row 1 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 2 col 1</td> <td>row 2 col 2</td> <td>row 2 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 3 col 1</td> <td>row 3 col 2</td> <td>row 3 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 4 col 1</td> <td>row 4 col 2</td> <td>row 4 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 5 col 1</td> <td>row 5 col 2</td> <td>row 5 col 3</td> </tr> <tr> <td>row 6 col 1</td> <td>row 6 col 2</td> <td>row 6 col 3</td> </tr> </table> </div> </body> </html>
以下是对马克西米利安·希尔斯(Maximilian Hils)发布的答案的改进。
这个在ie11中没有任何闪烁:
var headerCells = tableWrap.querySelectorAll("thead td");
for (var i = 0; i < headerCells.length; i++) {
var headerCell = headerCells[i];
headerCell.style.backgroundColor = "silver";
}
var lastSTop = tableWrap.scrollTop;
tableWrap.addEventListener("scroll", function () {
var stop = this.scrollTop;
if (stop < lastSTop) {
// Resetting the transform for the scrolling up to hide the headers
for (var i = 0; i < headerCells.length; i++) {
headerCells[i].style.transitionDelay = "0s";
headerCells[i].style.transform = "";
}
}
lastSTop = stop;
var translate = "translate(0," + stop + "px)";
for (var i = 0; i < headerCells.length; i++) {
headerCells[i].style.transitionDelay = "0.25s";
headerCells[i].style.transform = translate;
}
});
我开发了一个简单的轻量级jQuery插件，用于将格式良好的HTML表转换为具有固定表头和列的可滚动表。
该插件可以很好地匹配固定部分与可滚动部分的像素到像素的定位。此外，您还可以冻结水平滚动时始终显示在视图中的列数。
演示和文档:http://meetselva.github.io/fixed-table-rows-cols/
GitHub存储库:https://github.com/meetselva/fixed-table-rows-cols
下面是带有固定表头的简单表的用法，
$(<table selector>).fxdHdrCol({
width: "100%",
height: 200,
colModal: [{width: 30, align: 'center'},
{width: 70, align: 'center'},
{width: 200, align: 'left'},
{width: 100, align: 'center'},
{width: 70, align: 'center'},
{width: 250, align: 'center'}
]
});
派对来的很晚了，但这仍然是一个派对，以下是我对顺风车的看法:
<div class="h-screen overflow-hidden flex flex-col">
<div class="overflow-y-scroll flex-1">
<table>
<thead class="sticky top-0">
<tr>
<th>Timestamp</th>
<th>Species</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>2022-02-09T08:20:39.967Z</td>
<td>willow</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2022-02-09T08:21:29.453Z</td>
<td>red osier dogwood</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>2022-02-09T08:22:18.984Z</td>
<td>buttonbush</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
以下是一个关于顺风游戏的完整工作示例。
