我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?
(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)
我需要在SQL Server数据库中删除一个高度引用的表。我如何才能得到所有外键约束的列表,我将需要删除以便删除表?
(SQL比在管理工作室的GUI中点击更可取)
当前回答
确定数据库中所有表的主键和唯一键…
这应该列出所有的约束条件,在最后你可以放入过滤器
/* CAST IS DONE , SO THAT OUTPUT INTEXT FILE REMAINS WITH SCREEN LIMIT*/
WITH ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE (CONSTRAINT_NAME,CONSTRAINT_TYPE,PARENT_TABLE_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME,PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE,REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME,REFERENCE_COL_NAME)
AS
(
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (PKnUKEY.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
CONSTRAINT_TYPE=CAST (PKnUKEY.type_desc AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (PKnUTable.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( PKnUKEYCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,
REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME='' ,
REFERENCE_COL_NAME=''
FROM sys.key_constraints as PKnUKEY
INNER JOIN sys.tables as PKnUTable
ON PKnUTable.object_id = PKnUKEY.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.index_columns as PKnUColIdx
ON PKnUColIdx.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
AND PKnUColIdx.index_id = PKnUKEY.unique_index_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns as PKnUKEYCol
ON PKnUKEYCol.object_id = PKnUTable.object_id
AND PKnUKEYCol.column_id = PKnUColIdx.column_id
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=PKnUTable.name
AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=PKnUKEYCol.name
UNION ALL
SELECT CONSTRAINT_NAME= CAST (oConstraint.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
CONSTRAINT_TYPE='FK',
PARENT_TABLE_NAME=CAST (oParent.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME=CAST ( oParentCol.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
PARENT_COL_NAME_DATA_TYPE= oParentColDtl.DATA_TYPE,
REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME=CAST ( oReference.name AS VARCHAR(30)) ,
REFERENCE_COL_NAME=CAST (oReferenceCol.name AS VARCHAR(30))
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns FKC
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oConstraint
ON FKC.constraint_object_id=oConstraint.id
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oParent
ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParent.id
INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oParentCol
ON FKC.parent_object_id=oParentCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
AND FKC.parent_column_id=oParentCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
INNER JOIN sys.sysobjects oReference
ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReference.id
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS oParentColDtl
ON oParentColDtl.TABLE_NAME=oParent.name
AND oParentColDtl.COLUMN_NAME=oParentCol.name
INNER JOIN sys.all_columns oReferenceCol
ON FKC.referenced_object_id=oReferenceCol.object_id /* ID of the object to which this column belongs.*/
AND FKC.referenced_column_id=oReferenceCol.column_id/* ID of the column. Is unique within the object.Column IDs might not be sequential.*/
)
select * from ALL_KEYS_IN_TABLE
where
PARENT_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
or REFERENCE_TABLE_NAME in ('YOUR_TABLE_NAME')
ORDER BY PARENT_TABLE_NAME,CONSTRAINT_NAME;
如需参考,请阅读http://blogs.msdn.com/b/sqltips/archive/2005/09/16/469136.aspx
其他回答
这里有如何计算所选Id的所有责任。只需更改@dbTableName值,@dbRowId值及其类型(如果是int,则需要在第82行中删除“..设置@sql = ..))。享受。
DECLARE @dbTableName varchar(max) = 'User'
DECLARE @dbRowId uniqueidentifier = '21d34ecd-c1fd-11e2-8545-002219a42e1c'
DECLARE @FK_ROWCOUNT int
DECLARE @SQL nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname
DECLARE @PKTABLE_OWNER sysname
DECLARE @PKTABLE_NAME sysname
DECLARE @PKCOLUMN_NAME sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_OWNER sysname
DECLARE @FKTABLE_NAME sysname
DECLARE @FKCOLUMN_NAME sysname
DECLARE @UPDATE_RULE smallint
DECLARE @DELETE_RULE smallint
DECLARE @FK_NAME sysname
DECLARE @PK_NAME sysname
DECLARE @DEFERRABILITY sysname
IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#Temp1') IS NOT NULL
DROP TABLE #Temp1;
CREATE TABLE #Temp1 (
PKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname,
PKTABLE_OWNER sysname,
PKTABLE_NAME sysname,
PKCOLUMN_NAME sysname,
FKTABLE_QUALIFIER sysname,
FKTABLE_OWNER sysname,
FKTABLE_NAME sysname,
FKCOLUMN_NAME sysname,
UPDATE_RULE smallint,
DELETE_RULE smallint,
FK_NAME sysname,
PK_NAME sysname,
DEFERRABILITY sysname,
FK_ROWCOUNT int
);
DECLARE FK_Counter_Cursor CURSOR FOR
SELECT PKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
PKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O1.SCHEMA_ID)),
PKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O1.NAME),
PKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C1.NAME),
FKTABLE_QUALIFIER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,DB_NAME()),
FKTABLE_OWNER = CONVERT(SYSNAME,SCHEMA_NAME(O2.SCHEMA_ID)),
FKTABLE_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,O2.NAME),
FKCOLUMN_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,C2.NAME),
-- Force the column to be non-nullable (see SQL BU 325751)
--KEY_SEQ = isnull(convert(smallint,k.constraint_column_id), sysconv(smallint,0)),
UPDATE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsUpdateCascade')
WHEN 1 THEN 0
ELSE 1
END),
DELETE_RULE = CONVERT(SMALLINT,CASE OBJECTPROPERTY(F.OBJECT_ID,'CnstIsDeleteCascade')
WHEN 1 THEN 0
ELSE 1
END),
FK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,OBJECT_NAME(F.OBJECT_ID)),
PK_NAME = CONVERT(SYSNAME,I.NAME),
DEFERRABILITY = CONVERT(SMALLINT,7) -- SQL_NOT_DEFERRABLE
FROM SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O1,
SYS.ALL_OBJECTS O2,
SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C1,
SYS.ALL_COLUMNS C2,
SYS.FOREIGN_KEYS F
INNER JOIN SYS.FOREIGN_KEY_COLUMNS K
ON (K.CONSTRAINT_OBJECT_ID = F.OBJECT_ID)
INNER JOIN SYS.INDEXES I
ON (F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID = I.OBJECT_ID
AND F.KEY_INDEX_ID = I.INDEX_ID)
WHERE O1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
AND O2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
AND C1.OBJECT_ID = F.REFERENCED_OBJECT_ID
AND C2.OBJECT_ID = F.PARENT_OBJECT_ID
AND C1.COLUMN_ID = K.REFERENCED_COLUMN_ID
AND C2.COLUMN_ID = K.PARENT_COLUMN_ID
AND O1.NAME = @dbTableName
OPEN FK_Counter_Cursor;
FETCH NEXT FROM FK_Counter_Cursor INTO @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
SET @SQL = 'SELECT @dbCountOut = COUNT(*) FROM [' + @FKTABLE_NAME + '] WHERE [' + @FKCOLUMN_NAME + '] = ''' + CAST(@dbRowId AS varchar(max)) + '''';
EXECUTE sp_executesql @SQL, N'@dbCountOut int OUTPUT', @dbCountOut = @FK_ROWCOUNT OUTPUT;
INSERT INTO #Temp1 (PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, PKTABLE_OWNER, PKTABLE_NAME, PKCOLUMN_NAME, FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, FKTABLE_OWNER, FKTABLE_NAME, FKCOLUMN_NAME, UPDATE_RULE, DELETE_RULE, FK_NAME, PK_NAME, DEFERRABILITY, FK_ROWCOUNT) VALUES (@FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY, @FK_ROWCOUNT)
FETCH NEXT FROM FK_Counter_Cursor INTO @PKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @PKTABLE_OWNER, @PKTABLE_NAME, @PKCOLUMN_NAME, @FKTABLE_QUALIFIER, @FKTABLE_OWNER, @FKTABLE_NAME, @FKCOLUMN_NAME, @UPDATE_RULE, @DELETE_RULE, @FK_NAME, @PK_NAME, @DEFERRABILITY;
END;
CLOSE FK_Counter_Cursor;
DEALLOCATE FK_Counter_Cursor;
GO
SELECT * FROM #Temp1
GO
我正在使用这个脚本来查找与外键相关的所有细节。 我正在使用INFORMATION.SCHEMA。 下面是一个SQL脚本:
SELECT
ccu.table_name AS SourceTable
,ccu.constraint_name AS SourceConstraint
,ccu.column_name AS SourceColumn
,kcu.table_name AS TargetTable
,kcu.column_name AS TargetColumn
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE ccu
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS rc
ON ccu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.CONSTRAINT_NAME
INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE kcu
ON kcu.CONSTRAINT_NAME = rc.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME
ORDER BY ccu.table_name
Mysql服务器有information_schema。REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS表供参考,您可以通过表名或引用表名过滤它。
这将获得涉及所选表的任何外键。*假设为_FIRSTABLENAME_SECONDTABLENAME格式。
declare @tablename as varchar(MAX)
SET @tablename = 'yourtablename'
SELECT name
FROM YOURDATABASE.sys.objects
WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and (name LIKE '%_' + @tablename + 'empdb_%' or name LIKE '%_' + @tablename )
这是更一般的形式:
SELECT name
FROM YOURDATABASE_PROD.sys.objects
WHERE type_desc = 'FOREIGN_KEY_CONSTRAINT' and name LIKE '%' + @tablename + '%' and
name NOT LIKE '[a-zA-Z0-9]' + @tablename + '%' and name NOT LIKE '%' + @tablename + '[a-zA-Z0-9]'
这个答案建立在sp_fkeys的基础上,但格式化类似于sp_fkeys,适用于多个列并列出它们的顺序。
SELECT fk_obj.name AS FK_NAME,
pk_schema.name AS PKTABLE_OWNER,
pk_table.name AS PKTABLE_NAME,
pk_column.name AS PKCOLUMN_NAME,
fk_schema.name AS FKTABLE_OWNER,
fk_table.name AS FKTABLE_NAME,
fk_column.name AS FKCOLUMN_NAME,
ROW_NUMBER() over (
PARTITION BY fk_obj.name, fk_schema.name
ORDER BY fkc.constraint_column_id
) AS KEY_SEQ
FROM sys.foreign_key_columns fkc
INNER JOIN sys.objects fk_obj
ON fk_obj.object_id = fkc.constraint_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables fk_table
ON fk_table.object_id = fkc.parent_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas fk_schema
ON fk_table.schema_id = fk_schema.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns fk_column
ON fk_column.column_id = parent_column_id
AND fk_column.object_id = fk_table.object_id
INNER JOIN sys.tables pk_table
ON pk_table.object_id = fkc.referenced_object_id
INNER JOIN sys.schemas pk_schema
ON pk_table.schema_id = pk_schema.schema_id
INNER JOIN sys.columns pk_column
ON pk_column.column_id = fkc.referenced_column_id
AND pk_column.object_id = pk_table.object_id;