如何为指定版本的Python创建虚拟环境?


当前回答

sudo添加apt存储库ppa:死蛇/ppa

sudo apt更新

sudo apt install python_version(例如:sudo apt-install python3.8)

python_version-m venv env(例如:python3.8-m venv nv)

.env/bin/activate

以上步骤将解决python版本的env问题。

其他回答

简单:

Linux系统

virtualenv venv --python=/usr/bin/python3.9

窗户

virtualenv venv --python=C:\Users\username\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python\python.exe

您可以使用所需的python版本调用virtualenv。例如:

python3 -m virtualenv venv

或者直接指向虚拟路径。例如,对于窗口:

c:\Python34\Scripts\virtualenv.exe venv

通过运行:

venv/bin/python

Python 3.5.1 (v3.5.1:37a07cee5969, Dec  5 2015, 21:12:44) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>

您可以看到安装在虚拟环境中的python版本

在mac上,我使用pyenv和virtualnvwrapper。我必须创造一个新的虚拟世界。你需要自制程序,如果你在mac上,我会假设你已经安装了,但只是为了好玩:

ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"


brew install pyenv
pyenv install 2.7.10
pyenv global 2.7.10
export PATH=/Users/{USERNAME}/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10/bin:$PATH
mkvirtualenv -p ~/.pyenv/versions/2.7.10/bin/python  {virtual_env_name}

我还冻结了我的需求,这样我就可以简单地在新的virtualenv中重新安装:

pip install -r requirements.txt

是的,上面的答案是正确的,在基于Unix的系统(如Linux和MAC OS X)上运行良好。

我尝试使用以下命令为Python2&Python3创建virtualenv。

这里我分别使用了venv2和venv3作为Python2和Python3的名称。

蟒蛇2»

MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ virtualenv venv2 --python=`which python2`
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/local/bin/python2
New python executable in /Users/admin/venv2/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ ls venv2/bin/
activate        easy_install        pip2.7          python2.7
activate.csh        easy_install-2.7    python          wheel
activate.fish       pip         python-config
activate_this.py    pip2            python2
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 

蟒蛇3»

MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ virtualenv venv3 --python=`which python3`
Running virtualenv with interpreter /usr/local/bin/python3
Using base prefix '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.6'
New python executable in /Users/admin/venv3/bin/python3
Also creating executable in /Users/admin/venv3/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip, wheel...done.
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ ls venv3/bin/
activate        easy_install        pip3.6          python3.6
activate.csh        easy_install-3.6    python          wheel
activate.fish       pip         python-config
activate_this.py    pip3            python3
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 

检查Python安装位置

MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ which python2
/usr/local/bin/python2
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ which python3
/usr/local/bin/python3
MacBook-Pro-2:~ admin$ 

对于Mac(High Sierra),在python3上安装virtualenv并为python2创建virtualenv:

 $ python3 -m pip install virtualenv
 $ python3 -m virtualenv --python=python2 vp27
 $ source vp27/bin/activate
 (vp27)$ python --version
 Python 2.7.14