我想提供两种不同的序列化器，并且能够从ModelViewSet的所有功能中受益:
当查看对象列表时，我希望每个对象都有一个url，该url重定向到其详细信息，并且每个其他关系都使用目标模型的__unicode __出现;
例子:
{
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/gruppi/2/",
"nome": "universitari",
"descrizione": "unitn!",
"creatore": "emilio",
"accesso": "CHI",
"membri": [
"emilio",
"michele",
"luisa",
"ivan",
"saverio"
]
}
在查看对象的详细信息时，我希望使用默认的HyperlinkedModelSerializer
例子:
{
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/gruppi/2/",
"nome": "universitari",
"descrizione": "unitn!",
"creatore": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/3/",
"accesso": "CHI",
"membri": [
"http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/3/",
"http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/4/",
"http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/5/",
"http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/6/",
"http://127.0.0.1:8000/database/utenti/7/"
]
}
我通过以下方法做到了这一切:
serializers.py
# serializer to use when showing a list
class ListaGruppi(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
membri = serializers.RelatedField(many = True)
creatore = serializers.RelatedField(many = False)
class Meta:
model = models.Gruppi
# serializer to use when showing the details
class DettaglioGruppi(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = models.Gruppi
views.py
class DualSerializerViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
"""
ViewSet providing different serializers for list and detail views.
Use list_serializer and detail_serializer to provide them
"""
def list(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.serializer_class = self.list_serializer
return viewsets.ModelViewSet.list(self, *args, **kwargs)
def retrieve(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.serializer_class = self.detail_serializer
return viewsets.ModelViewSet.retrieve(self, *args, **kwargs)
class GruppiViewSet(DualSerializerViewSet):
model = models.Gruppi
list_serializer = serializers.ListaGruppi
detail_serializer = serializers.DettaglioGruppi
# etc.
基本上，我检测用户何时请求列表视图或详细视图，并更改serializer_class以满足我的需要。但我对这段代码并不满意，它看起来像一个肮脏的黑客，最重要的是，如果两个用户同时请求一个列表和一个细节怎么办?
是否有更好的方法来实现这个使用ModelViewSets或我必须返回使用GenericAPIView?
编辑: 下面是如何使用一个自定义的基础ModelViewSet:
class MultiSerializerViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
serializers = {
'default': None,
}
def get_serializer_class(self):
return self.serializers.get(self.action,
self.serializers['default'])
class GruppiViewSet(MultiSerializerViewSet):
model = models.Gruppi
serializers = {
'list': serializers.ListaGruppi,
'detail': serializers.DettaglioGruppi,
# etc.
}