我是Gradle的新手，我正在阅读文档，但我不理解其中的一些部分。其中一个部分与buildscript块连接。它的目的是什么?
如果构建脚本需要使用外部库，可以将它们添加到构建脚本本身的脚本类路径中。您可以使用buildscript()方法，传入一个声明构建脚本类路径的闭包。 buildscript { 存储库{ mavenCentral () ｝ 依赖关系{ 类路径组:'common -codec'，名称:'common -codec'，版本:'1.2' ｝ ｝
好的，但是区别是什么呢:
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
compile group: 'commons-codec', name: 'commons-codec', version: '1.2'
}
例如，为什么需要使用buildscript?
我想看测试结果(系统)。out/err，来自正在测试的组件的日志消息)，因为它们运行在我运行的同一控制台:
gradle test
不要等到测试完成才查看测试报告(测试报告仅在测试完成时生成，因此在运行测试时不能“尾部-f”任何内容)
gradlew和gradle的区别是什么?它们是一样的吗?
另一个针对Java的构建工具能给我带来什么?
如果你使用Gradle而不是其他工具，为什么?
Gradle如何在本地文件系统中存储下载的jar文件?Maven将它们存储在USER_HOME下的.m2目录中，但是Gradle将它们存储在哪里呢?我检查了那里的.gradle文件夹，但只看到编译过的脚本。
因此，我的问题是如何向一个gradle文件添加多个maven存储库。
这并不管用:
repositories {
mavenCentral()
maven {
url "http://maven.springframework.org/release"
url "http://maven.restlet.org"
}
}
当我在Android Studio中“运行”我的项目时，在“消息”窗口中，我得到:
Gradle:
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':play01:compileDebug'.
> Compilation failed; see the compiler error output for details.
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
它说>编译失败;有关详细信息，请参阅编译器错误输出。 那么“编译器错误输出”在哪里呢?我如何运行——stacktrace选项?
使用Android Gradle插件0.7.0和以下build.gradle:
buildscript {
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:0.7.0'
}
}
apply plugin: 'android'
repositories {
maven { url "https://android-rome-feed-reader.googlecode.com/svn/maven2/releases" }
maven { url "http://dl.bintray.com/populov/maven" }
mavenCentral()
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 19
buildToolsVersion '18.1.1'
defaultConfig {
minSdkVersion 9
targetSdkVersion 19
}
buildTypes {
release {
runProguard true
proguardFile getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt')
}
}
productFlavors {
defaultFlavor {
proguardFile 'proguard-rules.txt'
}
}
sourceSets {
instrumentTest.setRoot('src/instrumentTest')
}
}
configurations {
apt
}
ext.androidAnnotationsVersion = '2.7.1';
dependencies {
compile 'com.android.support:support-v4:18.0.0'
compile 'com.viewpagerindicator:library:2.4.1@aar'
compile 'com.google.code.android-rome-feed-reader:android-rome-feed-reader:1.0.0-r2'
compile 'org.jdom:jdom:1.1.1-android-fork'
apt "com.googlecode.androidannotations:androidannotations:${androidAnnotationsVersion}"
compile "com.googlecode.androidannotations:androidannotations-api:${androidAnnotationsVersion}"
compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4'
compile 'com.j256.ormlite:ormlite-android:4.47'
compile 'com.j256.ormlite:ormlite-core:4.47'
compile 'org.springframework.android:spring-android-core:1.0.1.RELEASE'
compile 'org.springframework.android:spring-android-rest-template:1.0.1.RELEASE'
compile 'com.prolificinteractive:actionbarsherlock:4.3.1@aar'
compile 'com.google.code.geocoder-java:geocoder-java:0.15'
compile files('libs/CWAC-Pager.jar')
}
android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->
aptOutput = file("${project.buildDir}/source/apt_generated/${variant.dirName}")
println "****************************"
println "variant: ${variant.name}"
println "manifest: ${variant.processResources.manifestFile}"
println "aptOutput: ${aptOutput}"
println "****************************"
variant.javaCompile.doFirst {
println "*** compile doFirst ${variant.name}"
aptOutput.mkdirs()
variant.javaCompile.options.compilerArgs += [
'-processorpath', configurations.apt.getAsPath(),
'-AandroidManifestFile=' + variant.processResources.manifestFile,
'-s', aptOutput
]
}
}
在APK META-INF/LICENSE.txt中拷贝了Duplicate files:
WARNING: Dependency commons-logging:commons-logging:1.0.4 is ignored for defaultFlavorDebug as it may be conflicting with the internal version provided by Android.
In case of problem, please repackage it with jarjar to change the class packages
WARNING: Dependency commons-logging:commons-logging:1.0.4 is ignored for defaultFlavorRelease as it may be conflicting with the internal version provided by Android.
In case of problem, please repackage it with jarjar to change the class packages
Creating properties on demand (a.k.a. dynamic properties) has been deprecated and is scheduled to be removed in Gradle 2.0. Please read http://gradle.org/docs/current/dsl/org.gradle.api.plugins.ExtraPropertiesExtension.html for information on the replacement for dynamic properties.
Deprecated dynamic property: "aptOutput" on "com.android.build.gradle.internal.api.ApplicationVariantImpl_Decorated@5705013c", value: "/Users/david/Developer...".
****************************
variant: defaultFlavorDebug
manifest: /Users/david/Developer/.../build/manifests/defaultFlavor/debug/AndroidManifest.xml
aptOutput: /Users/david/Developer/.../build/source/apt_generated/defaultFlavor/debug
****************************
Deprecated dynamic property "aptOutput" created in multiple locations.
****************************
variant: defaultFlavorRelease
manifest: /Users/david/Developer/.../build/manifests/defaultFlavor/release/AndroidManifest.xml
aptOutput: /Users/david/Developer/.../build/source/apt_generated/defaultFlavor/release
****************************
:TravelGuard:compileDefaultFlavorDebugNdk UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:preBuild UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:preDefaultFlavorDebugBuild UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:preDefaultFlavorReleaseBuild UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:prepareComProlificinteractiveActionbarsherlock431Library UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:prepareComViewpagerindicatorLibrary241Library UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:prepareDefaultFlavorDebugDependencies
:TravelGuard:compileDefaultFlavorDebugAidl UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:compileDefaultFlavorDebugRenderscript UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:generateDefaultFlavorDebugBuildConfig UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:mergeDefaultFlavorDebugAssets UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:mergeDefaultFlavorDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:processDefaultFlavorDebugManifest UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:processDefaultFlavorDebugResources UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:generateDefaultFlavorDebugSources UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:compileDefaultFlavorDebugJava
*** compile doFirst defaultFlavorDebug
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/service/TravelGuardService.java:53: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: class com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardService
TravelGuardPrefs_ travelGuardPrefs;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/CategoriesActivity.java:14: cannot find symbol
symbol : class AssistanceFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AssistanceFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/CategoriesActivity.java:16: cannot find symbol
symbol : class CategoryFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.CategoryFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/CategoriesActivity.java:17: cannot find symbol
symbol : class ContactFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.ContactFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/CountriesActivity.java:25: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: package com.travelguard.service
import com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardPrefs_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/CountriesActivity.java:44: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: class com.travelguard.ui.CountriesActivity
TravelGuardPrefs_ travelGuardPrefs;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/InstructionsActivity.java:18: cannot find symbol
symbol : class AssistanceFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AssistanceFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/InstructionsActivity.java:19: cannot find symbol
symbol : class ContactFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.ContactFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/InstructionsActivity.java:21: cannot find symbol
symbol : class InstructionsFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.InstructionsFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/MainActivity.java:36: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: package com.travelguard.service
import com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardPrefs_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/MainActivity.java:40: cannot find symbol
symbol : class AssistanceFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AssistanceFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/MainActivity.java:41: cannot find symbol
symbol : class ContactFragment_
location: package com.travelguard.ui.fragments
import com.travelguard.ui.fragments.ContactFragment_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/MainActivity.java:55: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: class com.travelguard.ui.MainActivity
TravelGuardPrefs_ travelGuardPrefs;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/TermsActivity.java:17: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: package com.travelguard.service
import com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardPrefs_;
^
/Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/TermsActivity.java:23: cannot find symbol
symbol : class TravelGuardPrefs_
location: class com.travelguard.ui.TermsActivity
TravelGuardPrefs_ travelGuardPrefs;
^
Note: Starting AndroidAnnotations annotation processing
Note: AndroidManifest.xml file found: /Users/david/Developer/.../build/manifests/defaultFlavor/debug/AndroidManifest.xml
Note: Number of files generated by AndroidAnnotations: 22
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.service.SmartTravellerService_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.service.SmartTravellerWebservice_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardPrefs_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardService_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.service.TravelGuardWebservice_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.AdviceActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.CategoriesActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.ContactDetailActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.ContactListActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.ContactTravelGuardActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.CountriesActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.InformationActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.InstructionsActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.MainActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.TermsActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.TravelGuardActivity_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AdviceDetailFragment_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AdviceFragment_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.AssistanceFragment_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.CategoryFragment_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.ContactFragment_
Note: Generating source file: com.travelguard.ui.fragments.InstructionsFragment_
Note: Time measurements: [Whole Processing = 913 ms], [Generate Sources = 358 ms], [Extract Manifest = 163 ms], [Process Annotations = 158 ms], [Extract Annotations = 120 ms], [Validate Annotations = 82 ms], [Find R Classes = 28 ms],
Note: Time measurements: [Whole Processing = 0 ms],
Note: Time measurements: [Whole Processing = 0 ms],
warning: The following options were not recognized by any processor: '[androidManifestFile]'
Note: /Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/ui/ContactDetailActivity.java uses or overrides a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
Note: /Users/david/Developer/.../src/main/java/com/travelguard/service/SmartTravellerService.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
:TravelGuard:preDexDefaultFlavorDebug UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:dexDefaultFlavorDebug
:TravelGuard:processDefaultFlavorDebugJavaRes UP-TO-DATE
:TravelGuard:validateDebugSigning
:TravelGuard:packageDefaultFlavorDebug
Error: duplicate files during packaging of APK /Users/david/Developer/.../build/apk/TravelGuard-defaultFlavor-debug-unaligned.apk
Path in archive: META-INF/LICENSE.txt
Origin 1: /Users/david/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient/3.1/964cd74171f427720480efdec40a7c7f6e58426a/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
Origin 2: /Users/david/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/commons-codec/commons-codec/1.2/397f4731a9f9b6eb1907e224911c77ea3aa27a8b/commons-codec-1.2.jar
:TravelGuard:packageDefaultFlavorDebug FAILED
FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':TravelGuard:packageDefaultFlavorDebug'.
> Duplicate files copied in APK META-INF/LICENSE.txt
File 1: /Users/david/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient/3.1/964cd74171f427720480efdec40a7c7f6e58426a/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
File 2: /Users/david/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/commons-httpclient/commons-httpclient/3.1/964cd74171f427720480efdec40a7c7f6e58426a/commons-httpclient-3.1.jar
* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output.
BUILD FAILED
Total time: 21.957 secs
在我更新Android Studio之前，今天早上工作得很好。什么好主意吗?
编辑:我可以通过运行命令来临时修复它
zip -d spring-android-core-1.0.1.RELEASE.jar META-INF/notice.txt
直到所有的重复错误都消失。
这是我第一次尝试使用Android Studio。我安装了0.8.0并更新到0.8.2。只要一个项目被创建，我就会得到错误消息:
错误:(1,0)插件id 'com.android。未找到应用程序
C:\Users\Bob\ AndroidStudioProjects \ HelloAgain6 \ app \ build.gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'
android {
compileSdkVersion 20
buildToolsVersion "20.0.0"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.bob.helloagain6"
minSdkVersion 15
targetSdkVersion 20
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
}
buildTypes {
release {
runProguard false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
}
和C:\Users\Bob\ AndroidStudioProjects \ HelloAgain6 \ build.gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.
buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:0.12.+'
// NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
}
allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
Intellij Idea 14.1.4 Mac OS X Yosemite 10.10.3及更高版本。
来自IDE:
Import Project ->
(Chosen directory to import) ->
Import project from external model, Gradle ->
Gradle Home: /usr/local/Cellar/gradle/2.4/libexec
Gradle JVM: Use JAVA_HOME (not defined yet)
从壳:
echo $JAVA_HOME
/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_45.jdk/Contents/Home
(在.profile中定义:export JAVA_HOME="$(/usr/libexec/ JAVA_HOME -v 1.8)"
我错过了什么?我在SO中检查了其他讨论，例如，Intellij JAVA_HOME变量，但没有项目SDK提示。