相当惊人的蛋黄使这很容易。

pip install yolk3k # Don't install `yolk`, see https://github.com/cakebread/yolk/issues/35
yolk --upgrade

有关蛋黄的更多信息：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/yolk/0.4.3

它可以做很多你可能会发现有用的事情。

JSON+jq答案：

pip list -o --format json | jq '.[] | .name' | xargs pip install -U

拉玛纳的回答对我来说是最好的，但我不得不补充几点：

import pip
for dist in pip.get_installed_distributions():
    if 'site-packages' in dist.location:
        try:
            pip.call_subprocess(['pip', 'install', '-U', dist.key])
        except Exception, exc:
            print exc

站点包检查排除了我的开发包，因为它们不在系统站点包目录中。try-except只是跳过已从PyPI中删除的包。

对于endolith：我也希望有一个简单的pip.install（dist.key，upgrade=True），但它看起来不像是要让命令行以外的任何东西使用pip（文档没有提到内部API，pip开发人员也没有使用docstring）。

以下Windows cmd代码段执行以下操作：

将pip升级到最新版本。升级所有过时的软件包。对于正在升级的每个包，检查requirements.txt中的任何版本说明符。

@echo off
Setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2720014/

echo Upgrading pip...
python -m pip install --upgrade pip
echo.

echo Upgrading packages...
set upgrade_count=0
pip list --outdated > pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
for /F "skip=2 tokens=1,3 delims= " %%i in (pip-upgrade-outdated.txt) do (
    echo ^>%%i
    set package=%%i
    set latest=%%j
    set requirements=!package!

    rem for each outdated package check for any version requirements:
    set dotest=1
    for /F %%r in (.\python\requirements.txt) do (
        if !dotest!==1 (
            call :substr "%%r" !package! _substr
            rem check if a given line refers to a package we are about to upgrade:
            if "%%r" NEQ !_substr! (
                rem check if the line contains more than just a package name:
                if "%%r" NEQ "!package!" (
                    rem set requirements to the contents of the line:
                    echo requirements: %%r, latest: !latest!
                    set requirements=%%r
                )
                rem stop testing after the first instance found,
                rem prevents from mistakenly matching "py" with "pylint", "numpy" etc.
                rem requirements.txt must be structured with shorter names going first
                set dotest=0
            )
        )
    )
    rem pip install !requirements!
    pip install --upgrade !requirements!
    set /a "upgrade_count+=1"
    echo.
)

if !upgrade_count!==0 (
    echo All packages are up to date.
) else (
    type pip-upgrade-outdated.txt
)

if "%1" neq "-silent" (
    echo.
    set /p temp="> Press Enter to exit..."
)
exit /b


:substr
rem string substition done in a separate subroutine -
rem allows expand both variables in the substring syntax.
rem replaces str_search with an empty string.
rem returns the result in the 3rd parameter, passed by reference from the caller.
set str_source=%1
set str_search=%2
set str_result=!str_source:%str_search%=!
set "%~3=!str_result!"
rem echo !str_source!, !str_search!, !str_result!
exit /b

以下命令在Windows上运行，对其他人也很有用（$是命令提示符下的任何目录。例如，C:\Users/Username）。

Do

$ pip freeze > requirements.txt

打开文本文件，将==替换为>=，或让sed为您执行以下操作：

$ sed -i 's/==/>=/g' requirements.txt

并执行：

$ pip install -r requirements.txt --upgrade

如果您对某个软件包延迟升级有问题（有时是NumPy），只需转到目录（$），注释掉名称（在其前面添加#），然后再次运行升级。稍后可以取消注释该部分。这对于复制Python全局环境也非常有用。

另一种方式：

我也喜欢pip审查方法：

py2
$ pip install pip-review

$ pip-review --local --interactive

py3
$ pip3 install pip-review

$ py -3 -m pip-review --local --interactive

您可以选择“a”来升级所有软件包；如果一次升级失败，请再次运行，然后在下一次升级中继续。

这里有一个脚本，它只更新过时的包。

import os, sys
from subprocess import check_output, call

file = check_output(["pip.exe",  "list", "--outdated", "--format=legacy"])
line = str(file).split()

for distro in line[::6]:
    call("pip install --upgrade " + distro, shell=True)

对于不输出为传统格式的新版本pip（版本18+）：

import os, sys
from subprocess import check_output, call

file = check_output(["pip.exe", "list", "-o", "--format=json"])
line = str(file).split()

for distro in line[1::8]:
    distro = str(distro).strip('"\",')
    call("pip install --upgrade " + distro, shell=True)