我也喜欢zzzeek的回答，但Andre是正确的，需要一个队列来防止乱码。我的运气还不错，但确实看到了乱码，这是意料之中的。实现它比我想象的要难，特别是在Windows上运行，在Windows上有一些关于全局变量和其他东西的额外限制(参见:如何在Windows上实现Python Multiprocessing ?)

但是，我终于让它工作了。这个例子可能并不完美，所以欢迎评论和建议。它也不支持设置格式化程序或根日志记录器以外的任何内容。基本上，您必须在每个池进程中用队列重新配置记录器，并在记录器上设置其他属性。

同样，欢迎提出任何关于如何使代码更好的建议。我当然还不知道所有的Python技巧:-)

import multiprocessing, logging, sys, re, os, StringIO, threading, time, Queue

class MultiProcessingLogHandler(logging.Handler):
    def __init__(self, handler, queue, child=False):
        logging.Handler.__init__(self)

        self._handler = handler
        self.queue = queue

        # we only want one of the loggers to be pulling from the queue.
        # If there is a way to do this without needing to be passed this
        # information, that would be great!
        if child == False:
            self.shutdown = False
            self.polltime = 1
            t = threading.Thread(target=self.receive)
            t.daemon = True
            t.start()

    def setFormatter(self, fmt):
        logging.Handler.setFormatter(self, fmt)
        self._handler.setFormatter(fmt)

    def receive(self):
        #print "receive on"
        while (self.shutdown == False) or (self.queue.empty() == False):
            # so we block for a short period of time so that we can
            # check for the shutdown cases.
            try:
                record = self.queue.get(True, self.polltime)
                self._handler.emit(record)
            except Queue.Empty, e:
                pass

    def send(self, s):
        # send just puts it in the queue for the server to retrieve
        self.queue.put(s)

    def _format_record(self, record):
        ei = record.exc_info
        if ei:
            dummy = self.format(record) # just to get traceback text into record.exc_text
            record.exc_info = None  # to avoid Unpickleable error

        return record

    def emit(self, record):
        try:
            s = self._format_record(record)
            self.send(s)
        except (KeyboardInterrupt, SystemExit):
            raise
        except:
            self.handleError(record)

    def close(self):
        time.sleep(self.polltime+1) # give some time for messages to enter the queue.
        self.shutdown = True
        time.sleep(self.polltime+1) # give some time for the server to time out and see the shutdown

    def __del__(self):
        self.close() # hopefully this aids in orderly shutdown when things are going poorly.

def f(x):
    # just a logging command...
    logging.critical('function number: ' + str(x))
    # to make some calls take longer than others, so the output is "jumbled" as real MP programs are.
    time.sleep(x % 3)

def initPool(queue, level):
    """
    This causes the logging module to be initialized with the necessary info
    in pool threads to work correctly.
    """
    logging.getLogger('').addHandler(MultiProcessingLogHandler(logging.StreamHandler(), queue, child=True))
    logging.getLogger('').setLevel(level)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    stream = StringIO.StringIO()
    logQueue = multiprocessing.Queue(100)
    handler= MultiProcessingLogHandler(logging.StreamHandler(stream), logQueue)
    logging.getLogger('').addHandler(handler)
    logging.getLogger('').setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

    logging.debug('starting main')

    # when bulding the pool on a Windows machine we also have to init the logger in all the instances with the queue and the level of logging.
    pool = multiprocessing.Pool(processes=10, initializer=initPool, initargs=[logQueue, logging.getLogger('').getEffectiveLevel()] ) # start worker processes
    pool.map(f, range(0,50))
    pool.close()

    logging.debug('done')
    logging.shutdown()
    print "stream output is:"
    print stream.getvalue()

其中一个替代方案是将多处理日志写入一个已知文件，并注册一个atexit处理程序来加入这些进程，并在stderr上读取它;但是，您无法通过这种方式获得stderr上输出消息的实时流。

下面是一个可以在Windows环境下使用的类，需要ActivePython。 您还可以继承其他日志处理程序(StreamHandler等)。

class SyncronizedFileHandler(logging.FileHandler):
    MUTEX_NAME = 'logging_mutex'

    def __init__(self , *args , **kwargs):

        self.mutex = win32event.CreateMutex(None , False , self.MUTEX_NAME)
        return super(SyncronizedFileHandler , self ).__init__(*args , **kwargs)

    def emit(self, *args , **kwargs):
        try:
            win32event.WaitForSingleObject(self.mutex , win32event.INFINITE)
            ret = super(SyncronizedFileHandler , self ).emit(*args , **kwargs)
        finally:
            win32event.ReleaseMutex(self.mutex)
        return ret

下面是一个演示用法的例子:

import logging
import random , time , os , sys , datetime
from string import letters
import win32api , win32event
from multiprocessing import Pool

def f(i):
    time.sleep(random.randint(0,10) * 0.1)
    ch = random.choice(letters)
    logging.info( ch * 30)


def init_logging():
    '''
    initilize the loggers
    '''
    formatter = logging.Formatter("%(levelname)s - %(process)d - %(asctime)s - %(filename)s - %(lineno)d - %(message)s")
    logger = logging.getLogger()
    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    file_handler = SyncronizedFileHandler(sys.argv[1])
    file_handler.setLevel(logging.INFO)
    file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
    logger.addHandler(file_handler)

#must be called in the parent and in every worker process
init_logging() 

if __name__ == '__main__':
    #multiprocessing stuff
    pool = Pool(processes=10)
    imap_result = pool.imap(f , range(30))
    for i , _ in enumerate(imap_result):
        pass

只需将日志记录器的实例发布到某个地方。这样，其他模块和客户端就可以使用您的API来获取记录器，而不必导入multiprocessing。

对于可能需要这个的人，我为multiprocessing_logging包写了一个装饰器，它将当前进程名添加到日志中，这样就可以清楚地看到谁记录了什么。

它还运行install_mp_handler()，因此在创建池之前运行它是没有用的。

这让我可以看到哪个工作人员创建了哪些日志消息。

下面是蓝图和示例:

import sys
import logging
from functools import wraps
import multiprocessing
import multiprocessing_logging

# Setup basic console logger as 'logger'
logger = logging.getLogger()
console_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
console_handler.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(u'%(asctime)s :: %(levelname)s :: %(message)s'))
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
logger.addHandler(console_handler)


# Create a decorator for functions that are called via multiprocessing pools
def logs_mp_process_names(fn):
    class MultiProcessLogFilter(logging.Filter):
        def filter(self, record):
            try:
                process_name = multiprocessing.current_process().name
            except BaseException:
                process_name = __name__
            record.msg = f'{process_name} :: {record.msg}'
            return True

    multiprocessing_logging.install_mp_handler()
    f = MultiProcessLogFilter()

    # Wraps is needed here so apply / apply_async know the function name
    @wraps(fn)
    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
        logger.removeFilter(f)
        logger.addFilter(f)
        return fn(*args, **kwargs)

    return wrapper


# Create a test function and decorate it
@logs_mp_process_names
def test(argument):
    logger.info(f'test function called via: {argument}')


# You can also redefine undecored functions
def undecorated_function():
    logger.info('I am not decorated')


@logs_mp_process_names
def redecorated(*args, **kwargs):
    return undecorated_function(*args, **kwargs)


# Enjoy
if __name__ == '__main__':
    with multiprocessing.Pool() as mp_pool:
        # Also works with apply_async
        mp_pool.apply(test, ('mp pool',))
        mp_pool.apply(redecorated)
        logger.info('some main logs')
        test('main program')

我有一个解决方案，类似于ironhacker的，除了我使用日志。在我的一些代码中，我发现我需要在将异常传递回队列之前格式化它，因为回溯是不能pickle的:

class QueueHandler(logging.Handler):
    def __init__(self, queue):
        logging.Handler.__init__(self)
        self.queue = queue
    def emit(self, record):
        if record.exc_info:
            # can't pass exc_info across processes so just format now
            record.exc_text = self.formatException(record.exc_info)
            record.exc_info = None
        self.queue.put(record)
    def formatException(self, ei):
        sio = cStringIO.StringIO()
        traceback.print_exception(ei[0], ei[1], ei[2], None, sio)
        s = sio.getvalue()
        sio.close()
        if s[-1] == "\n":
            s = s[:-1]
        return s