是否有方法将JSON内容反序列化为c#动态类型?为了使用DataContractJsonSerializer，最好跳过创建一堆类。
当前回答
如果你喜欢依赖System.Web.Helpers程序集，那么你可以使用Json类:
dynamic data = Json.Decode(json);
它作为。net 4框架的附加下载包含在MVC框架中。如果有用的话，一定要给弗拉德点赞!但是，如果您不能假定客户机环境包含这个DLL，那么请继续阅读。
这里建议使用另一种反序列化方法。我稍微修改了代码，以修复一个错误，并适合我的编码风格。所有你需要的是这段代码和从你的项目中引用System.Web.Extensions:
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
public sealed class DynamicJsonConverter : JavaScriptConverter
{
public override object Deserialize(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary, Type type, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
if (dictionary == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("dictionary");
return type == typeof(object) ? new DynamicJsonObject(dictionary) : null;
}
public override IDictionary<string, object> Serialize(object obj, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
public override IEnumerable<Type> SupportedTypes
{
get { return new ReadOnlyCollection<Type>(new List<Type>(new[] { typeof(object) })); }
}
#region Nested type: DynamicJsonObject
private sealed class DynamicJsonObject : DynamicObject
{
private readonly IDictionary<string, object> _dictionary;
public DynamicJsonObject(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary)
{
if (dictionary == null)
throw new ArgumentNullException("dictionary");
_dictionary = dictionary;
}
public override string ToString()
{
var sb = new StringBuilder("{");
ToString(sb);
return sb.ToString();
}
private void ToString(StringBuilder sb)
{
var firstInDictionary = true;
foreach (var pair in _dictionary)
{
if (!firstInDictionary)
sb.Append(",");
firstInDictionary = false;
var value = pair.Value;
var name = pair.Key;
if (value is string)
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:\"{1}\"", name, value);
}
else if (value is IDictionary<string, object>)
{
new DynamicJsonObject((IDictionary<string, object>)value).ToString(sb);
}
else if (value is ArrayList)
{
sb.Append(name + ":[");
var firstInArray = true;
foreach (var arrayValue in (ArrayList)value)
{
if (!firstInArray)
sb.Append(",");
firstInArray = false;
if (arrayValue is IDictionary<string, object>)
new DynamicJsonObject((IDictionary<string, object>)arrayValue).ToString(sb);
else if (arrayValue is string)
sb.AppendFormat("\"{0}\"", arrayValue);
else
sb.AppendFormat("{0}", arrayValue);
}
sb.Append("]");
}
else
{
sb.AppendFormat("{0}:{1}", name, value);
}
}
sb.Append("}");
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
if (!_dictionary.TryGetValue(binder.Name, out result))
{
// return null to avoid exception. caller can check for null this way...
result = null;
return true;
}
result = WrapResultObject(result);
return true;
}
public override bool TryGetIndex(GetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes, out object result)
{
if (indexes.Length == 1 && indexes[0] != null)
{
if (!_dictionary.TryGetValue(indexes[0].ToString(), out result))
{
// return null to avoid exception. caller can check for null this way...
result = null;
return true;
}
result = WrapResultObject(result);
return true;
}
return base.TryGetIndex(binder, indexes, out result);
}
private static object WrapResultObject(object result)
{
var dictionary = result as IDictionary<string, object>;
if (dictionary != null)
return new DynamicJsonObject(dictionary);
var arrayList = result as ArrayList;
if (arrayList != null && arrayList.Count > 0)
{
return arrayList[0] is IDictionary<string, object>
? new List<object>(arrayList.Cast<IDictionary<string, object>>().Select(x => new DynamicJsonObject(x)))
: new List<object>(arrayList.Cast<object>());
}
return result;
}
}
#endregion
}
你可以这样使用它:
string json = ...;
var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
serializer.RegisterConverters(new[] { new DynamicJsonConverter() });
dynamic obj = serializer.Deserialize(json, typeof(object));
给定一个JSON字符串:
{
"Items":[
{ "Name":"Apple", "Price":12.3 },
{ "Name":"Grape", "Price":3.21 }
],
"Date":"21/11/2010"
}
下面的代码将在运行时工作:
dynamic data = serializer.Deserialize(json, typeof(object));
data.Date; // "21/11/2010"
data.Items.Count; // 2
data.Items[0].Name; // "Apple"
data.Items[0].Price; // 12.3 (as a decimal)
data.Items[1].Name; // "Grape"
data.Items[1].Price; // 3.21 (as a decimal)
其他回答
我很喜欢system。web。helpers，
dynamic data = Json.Decode(json);
因为它支持像
var val = data.Members.NumberTen;
or
var val data.Members["10"];
对System.Web.Helpers.DLL的引用真的很疯狂，它甚至不适合控制台和桌面应用程序。下面是我尝试直接从https://github.com/mono/aspnetwebstack/tree/master/src/System.Web.Helpers提取作为独立文件的相同功能 (分享此内容仅供教育之用)
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Open Technologies, Inc. All rights reserved. See License.txt in the project root for license information.
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.Linq.Expressions;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
using System.IO;
using System.Collections;
using System.Linq;
using System.Globalization;
namespace System.Web.Helpers
{
public static class Json
{
private static readonly JavaScriptSerializer _serializer = CreateSerializer();
public static string Encode(object value)
{
// Serialize our dynamic array type as an array
DynamicJsonArray jsonArray = value as DynamicJsonArray;
if (jsonArray != null)
{
return _serializer.Serialize((object[])jsonArray);
}
return _serializer.Serialize(value);
}
public static void Write(object value, TextWriter writer)
{
writer.Write(_serializer.Serialize(value));
}
public static dynamic Decode(string value)
{
return WrapObject(_serializer.DeserializeObject(value));
}
public static dynamic Decode(string value, Type targetType)
{
return WrapObject(_serializer.Deserialize(value, targetType));
}
public static T Decode<T>(string value)
{
return _serializer.Deserialize<T>(value);
}
private static JavaScriptSerializer CreateSerializer()
{
JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
serializer.RegisterConverters(new[] { new DynamicJavaScriptConverter() });
return serializer;
}
internal class DynamicJavaScriptConverter : JavaScriptConverter
{
public override IEnumerable<Type> SupportedTypes
{
get
{
yield return typeof(IDynamicMetaObjectProvider);
yield return typeof(DynamicObject);
}
}
public override object Deserialize(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary, Type type, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
public override IDictionary<string, object> Serialize(object obj, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
Dictionary<string, object> dictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
IEnumerable<string> memberNames = DynamicHelper.GetMemberNames(obj);
foreach (string item in memberNames)
{
dictionary[item] = DynamicHelper.GetMemberValue(obj, item);
}
return dictionary;
}
}
internal static dynamic WrapObject(object value)
{
// The JavaScriptSerializer returns IDictionary<string, object> for objects
// and object[] for arrays, so we wrap those in different dynamic objects
// so we can access the object graph using dynamic
var dictionaryValues = value as IDictionary<string, object>;
if (dictionaryValues != null)
{
return new DynamicJsonObject(dictionaryValues);
}
var arrayValues = value as object[];
if (arrayValues != null)
{
return new DynamicJsonArray(arrayValues);
}
return value;
}
}
// REVIEW: Consider implementing ICustomTypeDescriptor and IDictionary<string, object>
public class DynamicJsonObject : DynamicObject
{
private readonly IDictionary<string, object> _values;
public DynamicJsonObject(IDictionary<string, object> values)
{
Debug.Assert(values != null);
_values = values.ToDictionary(p => p.Key, p => Json.WrapObject(p.Value),
StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
}
public override bool TryConvert(ConvertBinder binder, out object result)
{
result = null;
if (binder.Type.IsAssignableFrom(_values.GetType()))
{
result = _values;
}
else
{
throw new InvalidOperationException(String.Format(CultureInfo.CurrentCulture, "HelpersResources.Json_UnableToConvertType", binder.Type));
}
return true;
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
result = GetValue(binder.Name);
return true;
}
public override bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value)
{
_values[binder.Name] = Json.WrapObject(value);
return true;
}
public override bool TrySetIndex(SetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes, object value)
{
string key = GetKey(indexes);
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
_values[key] = Json.WrapObject(value);
}
return true;
}
public override bool TryGetIndex(GetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes, out object result)
{
string key = GetKey(indexes);
result = null;
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(key))
{
result = GetValue(key);
}
return true;
}
private static string GetKey(object[] indexes)
{
if (indexes.Length == 1)
{
return (string)indexes[0];
}
// REVIEW: Should this throw?
return null;
}
public override IEnumerable<string> GetDynamicMemberNames()
{
return _values.Keys;
}
private object GetValue(string name)
{
object result;
if (_values.TryGetValue(name, out result))
{
return result;
}
return null;
}
}
[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1710:IdentifiersShouldHaveCorrectSuffix", Justification = "This class isn't meant to be used directly")]
public class DynamicJsonArray : DynamicObject, IEnumerable<object>
{
private readonly object[] _arrayValues;
public DynamicJsonArray(object[] arrayValues)
{
Debug.Assert(arrayValues != null);
_arrayValues = arrayValues.Select(Json.WrapObject).ToArray();
}
public int Length
{
get { return _arrayValues.Length; }
}
public dynamic this[int index]
{
get { return _arrayValues[index]; }
set { _arrayValues[index] = Json.WrapObject(value); }
}
public override bool TryConvert(ConvertBinder binder, out object result)
{
if (_arrayValues.GetType().IsAssignableFrom(binder.Type))
{
result = _arrayValues;
return true;
}
return base.TryConvert(binder, out result);
}
public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
// Testing for members should never throw. This is important when dealing with
// services that return different json results. Testing for a member shouldn't throw,
// it should just return null (or undefined)
result = null;
return true;
}
public IEnumerator GetEnumerator()
{
return _arrayValues.GetEnumerator();
}
private IEnumerable<object> GetEnumerable()
{
return _arrayValues.AsEnumerable();
}
IEnumerator<object> IEnumerable<object>.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerable().GetEnumerator();
}
[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Usage", "CA2225:OperatorOverloadsHaveNamedAlternates", Justification = "This class isn't meant to be used directly")]
public static implicit operator object[](DynamicJsonArray obj)
{
return obj._arrayValues;
}
[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Usage", "CA2225:OperatorOverloadsHaveNamedAlternates", Justification = "This class isn't meant to be used directly")]
public static implicit operator Array(DynamicJsonArray obj)
{
return obj._arrayValues;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper to evaluate different method on dynamic objects
/// </summary>
public static class DynamicHelper
{
// We must pass in "object" instead of "dynamic" for the target dynamic object because if we use dynamic, the compiler will
// convert the call to this helper into a dynamic expression, even though we don't need it to be. Since this class is internal,
// it cannot be accessed from a dynamic expression and thus we get errors.
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the first parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static bool TryGetMemberValue(object obj, string memberName, out object result)
{
try
{
result = GetMemberValue(obj, memberName);
return true;
}
catch (RuntimeBinderException)
{
}
catch (RuntimeBinderInternalCompilerException)
{
}
// We catch the C# specific runtime binder exceptions since we're using the C# binder in this case
result = null;
return false;
}
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the first parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
[SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Design", "CA1031:DoNotCatchGeneralExceptionTypes", Justification = "We want to swallow exceptions that happen during runtime binding")]
public static bool TryGetMemberValue(object obj, GetMemberBinder binder, out object result)
{
try
{
// VB us an instance of GetBinderAdapter that does not implement FallbackGetMemeber. This causes lookup of property expressions on dynamic objects to fail.
// Since all types are private to the assembly, we assume that as long as they belong to CSharp runtime, it is the right one.
if (typeof(Binder).Assembly.Equals(binder.GetType().Assembly))
{
// Only use the binder if its a C# binder.
result = GetMemberValue(obj, binder);
}
else
{
result = GetMemberValue(obj, binder.Name);
}
return true;
}
catch
{
result = null;
return false;
}
}
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the first parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static object GetMemberValue(object obj, string memberName)
{
var callSite = GetMemberAccessCallSite(memberName);
return callSite.Target(callSite, obj);
}
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the first parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static object GetMemberValue(object obj, GetMemberBinder binder)
{
var callSite = GetMemberAccessCallSite(binder);
return callSite.Target(callSite, obj);
}
// dynamic d = new object();
// object s = d.Name;
// The following code gets generated for this expression:
// callSite = CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, object>>.Create(Binder.GetMember(CSharpBinderFlags.None, "Name", typeof(Program), new CSharpArgumentInfo[] { CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null) }));
// callSite.Target(callSite, d);
// typeof(Program) is the containing type of the dynamic operation.
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the callsite's target parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, object>> GetMemberAccessCallSite(string memberName)
{
var binder = Binder.GetMember(CSharpBinderFlags.None, memberName, typeof(DynamicHelper), new[] { CSharpArgumentInfo.Create(CSharpArgumentInfoFlags.None, null) });
return GetMemberAccessCallSite(binder);
}
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the callsite's target parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, object>> GetMemberAccessCallSite(CallSiteBinder binder)
{
return CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, object>>.Create(binder);
}
// Dev10 Bug 914027 - Changed the first parameter from dynamic to object, see comment at top for details
public static IEnumerable<string> GetMemberNames(object obj)
{
var provider = obj as IDynamicMetaObjectProvider;
Debug.Assert(provider != null, "obj doesn't implement IDynamicMetaObjectProvider");
Expression parameter = Expression.Parameter(typeof(object));
return provider.GetMetaObject(parameter).GetDynamicMemberNames();
}
}
}
你可以扩展JavaScriptSerializer来递归复制它创建的字典来扩展对象，然后动态地使用它们:
static class JavaScriptSerializerExtensions
{
public static dynamic DeserializeDynamic(this JavaScriptSerializer serializer, string value)
{
var dictionary = serializer.Deserialize<IDictionary<string, object>>(value);
return GetExpando(dictionary);
}
private static ExpandoObject GetExpando(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary)
{
var expando = (IDictionary<string, object>)new ExpandoObject();
foreach (var item in dictionary)
{
var innerDictionary = item.Value as IDictionary<string, object>;
if (innerDictionary != null)
{
expando.Add(item.Key, GetExpando(innerDictionary));
}
else
{
expando.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
}
}
return (ExpandoObject)expando;
}
}
然后，您只需要为您在其中定义扩展的名称空间使用一个using语句(考虑在System.Web.Script.Serialization中定义它们…)另一个技巧是不使用命名空间，那么你根本不需要using语句)，你可以像这样使用它们:
var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var value = serializer.DeserializeDynamic("{ 'Name': 'Jon Smith', 'Address': { 'City': 'New York', 'State': 'NY' }, 'Age': 42 }");
var name = (string)value.Name; // Jon Smith
var age = (int)value.Age; // 42
var address = value.Address;
var city = (string)address.City; // New York
var state = (string)address.State; // NY
使用Json非常简单。NET:
dynamic stuff = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject("{ 'Name': 'Jon Smith', 'Address': { 'City': 'New York', 'State': 'NY' }, 'Age': 42 }");
string name = stuff.Name;
string address = stuff.Address.City;
同样使用Newtonsoft.Json.Linq:
dynamic stuff = JObject.Parse("{ 'Name': 'Jon Smith', 'Address': { 'City': 'New York', 'State': 'NY' }, 'Age': 42 }");
string name = stuff.Name;
string address = stuff.Address.City;
文档:使用动态查询JSON
如何解析简单的JSON内容与动态& JavaScriptSerializer
请添加System.Web.Extensions的引用，并使用System.Web.Script.Serialization添加此命名空间;在前:
public static void EasyJson()
{
var jsonText = @"{
""some_number"": 108.541,
""date_time"": ""2011-04-13T15:34:09Z"",
""serial_number"": ""SN1234""
}";
var jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var dict = jss.Deserialize<dynamic>(jsonText);
Console.WriteLine(dict["some_number"]);
Console.ReadLine();
}
如何解析嵌套和复杂的json与动态和JavaScriptSerializer
请添加System.Web.Extensions的引用，并使用System.Web.Script.Serialization添加此命名空间;在前:
public static void ComplexJson()
{
var jsonText = @"{
""some_number"": 108.541,
""date_time"": ""2011-04-13T15:34:09Z"",
""serial_number"": ""SN1234"",
""more_data"": {
""field1"": 1.0,
""field2"": ""hello""
}
}";
var jss = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var dict = jss.Deserialize<dynamic>(jsonText);
Console.WriteLine(dict["some_number"]);
Console.WriteLine(dict["more_data"]["field2"]);
Console.ReadLine();
}
我需要的是返回一个带有不同字段的json模型。 我的模型是这样的，但它可以改变。
{
"employees":
[
{ "name": "Darth", "surname": "Vader", "age": "27", "department": "finance"},
{ "name": "Luke", "surname": "Skywalker", "age": "25", "department": "IT"},
{ "name": "Han", "surname": "Solo", "age": "26", "department": "credit"}
]
}
获取数据值的列表
JObject array = JObject.Parse(model.JsonData);
var tableData = new List<JsonDynamicModel>();
foreach (var objx in array.Descendants().OfType<JProperty>().Where(p => p.Value.Type != JTokenType.Array && p.Value.Type != JTokenType.Object))
{
var name = ((JValue)objx.Name).Value;
var value = ((JValue)objx.Value).Value;
if (tableData.FirstOrDefault(x => x.ColumnName == name.ToString()) == null)
{
tableData.Add(new JsonDynamicModel
{
ColumnName = name.ToString(),
Values = new List<string> { value.ToString() },
});
}
else
{
tableData.FirstOrDefault(x=>x.ColumnName == name.ToString()).Values.Add(value.ToString());
}
}
输出如下所示。然后我把结果模型转换成一个html表，我用这个方法创建了一个html表
// output
tableData[0].ColumnName -> "name";
tableData[0].Values -> {"Darth", "Luke", "Han" }
tableData[1].ColumnName -> "surname";
tableData[1].Values -> {"Vader", "Skywalker", "Solo" }
...
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