在MySQL中,如何获得所有外键约束指向特定表的列表?一个特定的专栏?这和Oracle的问题是一样的,但是是MySQL的问题。
当前回答
这个解决方案不仅会显示所有的关系,还会显示约束的名称,这在某些情况下是必需的(例如drop constraint):
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null;
如果你想检查特定数据库中的表,在查询的最后添加模式名:
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null
and table_schema = 'database_name';
同样,对于特定的列名,添加
table_name = 'table_name
在查询的末尾。
受到这篇文章的启发
其他回答
我提出的解决方案是脆弱的;它依赖于django的外键命名约定。
USE information_schema;
tee mysql_output
SELECT * FROM TABLE_CONSTRAINTS WHERE CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY' AND TABLE_SCHEMA = 'database_name';
notee
然后在壳层中,
grep 'refs_tablename_id' mysql_output
如果你使用InnoDB并定义了FK,你可以查询information_schema数据库,例如:
SELECT * FROM information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS
WHERE information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'FOREIGN KEY'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_SCHEMA = 'myschema'
AND information_schema.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS.TABLE_NAME = 'mytable';
我需要鸟瞰表之间的关系(在ORM中使用)。使用该页面的建议,经过试验,我整理了以下查询:
SELECT
KCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME,
KCU.TABLE_NAME,
KCU.COLUMN_NAME,
KCU.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME,
KCU.REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME
FROM
INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU
JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS COLS
ON
COLS.TABLE_SCHEMA = KCU.TABLE_SCHEMA
AND COLS.TABLE_NAME = KCU.TABLE_NAME
AND COLS.COLUMN_NAME = KCU.COLUMN_NAME
WHERE
KCU.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = {YOUR_SCHEMA_NAME}
AND KCU.REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME IS NOT NULL
ORDER BY
KCU.TABLE_NAME,
COLS.ORDINAL_POSITION
它只返回我需要的东西,而且是按照我想要的顺序。
我还对结果做了一些处理(将其转换为某种字典),以便它可以用于创建聚合。
了解更新和删除行为通常是有帮助的,这是其他答案没有提供的。现在开始。
SELECT cu.table_name,
cu.column_name,
cu.constraint_name,
cu.referenced_table_name,
cu.referenced_column_name,
IF(rc.update_rule = 'NO ACTION', 'RESTRICT', rc.update_rule) AS update_rule,-- See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1498015/2742117
IF(rc.delete_rule = 'NO ACTION', 'RESTRICT', rc.delete_rule) AS delete_rule -- See: https://stackoverflow.com/a/1498015/2742117
FROM information_schema.key_column_usage cu
INNER JOIN information_schema.referential_constraints rc ON rc.constraint_schema = cu.table_schema
AND rc.table_name = cu.table_name
AND rc.constraint_name = cu.constraint_name
WHERE cu.referenced_table_schema = '<your schema>'
AND cu.referenced_table_name = '<your table>';
这个解决方案不仅会显示所有的关系,还会显示约束的名称,这在某些情况下是必需的(例如drop constraint):
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null;
如果你想检查特定数据库中的表,在查询的最后添加模式名:
select
concat(table_name, '.', column_name) as 'foreign key',
concat(referenced_table_name, '.', referenced_column_name) as 'references',
constraint_name as 'constraint name'
from
information_schema.key_column_usage
where
referenced_table_name is not null
and table_schema = 'database_name';
同样,对于特定的列名,添加
table_name = 'table_name
在查询的末尾。
受到这篇文章的启发