不管他们写什么，让他们在第一次运行时在调试器中逐行逐行地检查。让他们自己看看电脑在做什么。这消除了许多神秘感，减少了恐惧(“哦，每一行真的都那么简单!”)，并帮助他们学习调试技能，并认识到为什么常见错误是常见的(以及为什么它们是错误)。

Something you should be very mindful of while teaching your brother to program is for him not to rely too heavily on you. Often when I find myself helping others they will begin to think of me as answer book to all of their questions and instead of experimenting to find an answer they simply ask me. Often the best teacher is experimentation and every time your brother has a question like "What will happen if I add 2 to a string?" you should tell him to try it out and see for himself. Also I have noticed that when I cannot get a concept through to someone, it helps to see some sample code where we can look at each segment individually and explain it piece by piece. As a side note people new to programming often have trouble with the idea of object oriented programming, they will say they understand it when you teach it to them but will not get a clear concept of it until actually implementing it.

我建议采用类似于《加速c++》这本书的方法，在这本书中，它们涵盖了c++中通常对编写简单程序有用的部分。对于编程新手来说，我认为花点功夫就能展示一些东西是保持他们兴趣的好方法。一旦你掌握了Python的基础知识，那么你就应该坐下来，让他来实验这门语言。

在我这学期的一门大学课程中，他们采用了一种名为“基于问题的学习”(PBL)的方法，即通过讲座来激励学生使用不同的方法来解决问题。既然你哥哥很热心，你也应该采取类似的方法。让他做一些小项目，让他自己想办法。一旦他完成了，你可以通过他的方法，并与不同的方法进行比较和对比。

如果你能给他适当的帮助，引导他在正确的方向，那么他应该没事。为他提供一些好的网站和书籍也是一个好主意。

我还建议在开始阶段远离IDE。使用命令行和文本编辑器将使他更好地理解编译/汇编代码所涉及的过程。

希望我能帮上忙。：）

一行一行地复制一些简单的代码，让他们一边读一边理解。他们很快就会解决的。我开始用Acorn杂志上的代码片段在Acorn Electron上编程。在我6岁的时候，我对编程一无所知，我习惯抄写文本，但渐渐地我学会了不同单词的意思。

I would recommend also watching some screencasts - they are generally created in context of a specific technology not a language, though if there's Python code displayed, that'll do :). The point is - they're created by some good programmers and watching how good programmers program is a good thing. You and your brother could do some peer programming as well, that might be an even better idea. Just don't forget to explain WHY you do something this way and not that way. I think the best way to learn programming is from good examples and try not to even see the bad ones.

我推荐Logo(又名乌龟)来了解基本概念。它提供了一个具有即时图形反馈的良好沙盒，您可以演示循环、变量、函数、条件等等。这个页面提供了一个很好的教程。

在Logo之后，移动到Python或Ruby。我推荐Python，因为它基于ABC，而ABC是为了教授编程而发明的。

在教授编程时，我必须赞同EHaskins关于先简单项目再复杂项目的建议。最好的学习方法是从一个明确的结果和一个可衡量的里程碑开始。它使课程集中，允许学生建立技能，然后在这些技能的基础上继续发展，并给学生一些可以向朋友炫耀的东西。不要低估工作成果的力量。

Theoretically, you can stick with Python, as Python can do almost anything. It's a good vehicle to teach object-oriented programming and (most) algorithms. You can run Python in interactive mode like a command line to get a feel for how it works, or run whole scripts at once. You can run your scripts interpreted on the fly, or compile them into binaries. There are thousands of modules to extend the functionality. You can make a graphical calculator like the one bundled with Windows, or you can make an IRC client, or anything else.

XKCD更好地描述了Python的强大功能:

You can move to C# or Java after that, though they don't offer much that Python doesn't already have. The benefit of these is that they use C-style syntax, which many (dare I say most?) languages use. You don't need to worry about memory management yet, but you can get used to having a bit more freedom and less handholding from the language interpreter. Python enforces whitespace and indenting, which is nice most of the time but not always. C# and Java let you manage your own whitespace while remaining strongly-typed.

From there, the standard is C or C++. The freedom in these languages is almost existential. You are now in charge of your own memory management. There is no garbage collection to help you. This is where you teach the really advanced algorithms (like mergesort and quicksort). This is where you learn why "segmentation fault" is a curse word. This is where you download the source code of the Linux kernel and gaze into the Abyss. Start by writing a circular buffer and a stack for string manipulation. Then work your way up.