是否有一个内置函数可以像下面这样舍入?

10 -> 10
12 -> 10
13 -> 15
14 -> 15
16 -> 15
18 -> 20

当前回答

round(x[, n]):数值四舍五入到10的负n次方的最接近倍数。所以如果n是负的…

def round5(x):
    return int(round(x*2, -1)) / 2

由于10 = 5 * 2,您可以对2使用整数除法和乘法,而不是对5.0使用浮点除法和乘法。这并不重要,除非你喜欢位移位

def round5(x):
    return int(round(x << 1, -1)) >> 1

其他回答

去掉“rest”会起作用:

rounded = int(val) - int(val) % 5

如果该值是一个整数:

rounded = val - val % 5

作为函数:

def roundint(value, base=5):
    return int(value) - int(value) % int(base)

舍入到非整数值,例如0.05:

def myround(x, prec=2, base=.05):
  return round(base * round(float(x)/base),prec)

我发现这很有用,因为我只需要在代码中进行搜索和替换,就可以将“round(”更改为“myround(”,而不必更改参数值。

这只是一个比例的问题

>>> a=[10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20]
>>> for b in a:
...     int(round(b/5.0)*5.0)
... 
10
10
10
15
15
15
15
15
20
20
20

对已接受答案的补充,用于指定四舍五入到最接近的5或其他值

import math

def my_round(x, base, down = True):
    return base * math.floor(x/base) + (not down) * base
def round_up_to_base(x, base=10):
    return x + (base - x) % base

def round_down_to_base(x, base=10):
    return x - (x % base)

这给了

基础= 5:

>>> [i for i in range(20)]
[0, 1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
>>> [round_down_to_base(x=i, base=5) for i in range(20)]
[0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  5,  5,  5,  5,  5,  10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15]

>>> [round_up_to_base(x=i, base=5) for i in range(20)]
[0, 5,  5,  5,  5,  5,  10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 15, 15, 15, 15, 15, 20, 20, 20, 20]

基础= 10:

>>> [i for i in range(20)]
[0, 1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19]
>>> [round_down_to_base(x=i, base=10) for i in range(20)]
[0, 0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10]

>>> [round_up_to_base(x=i, base=10) for i in range(20)]
[0, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20]

在Python 3.7.9中测试