>>> class A:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "From init ... "
... 
>>> a = A()
From init ... 
>>> a()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: A instance has no __call__ method
>>> 
>>> class B:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "From init ... "
...     def __call__(self):
...         print "From call ... "
... 
>>> b = B()
From init ... 
>>> b()
From call ... 
>>> 

我们可以使用调用方法来使用其他类方法作为静态方法。

class _Callable:
    def __init__(self, anycallable):
        self.__call__ = anycallable

class Model:

    def get_instance(conn, table_name):

        """ do something"""

    get_instance = _Callable(get_instance)

provs_fac = Model.get_instance(connection, "users")  

案例1:

class Example:
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a=a
        self.b=b
        self.c=c
        print("init", self.a, self.b, self.c)

Run:

Example(1,2,3)(7,8,9)

结果:

- init 1 2 3
- TypeError: 'Example' object is not callable

案例2:

class Example:
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a=a
        self.b=b
        self.c=c
        print("init", self.a, self.b, self.c)
    def __call__(self, x, y, z):
        self.x=x
        self.y=y
        self.z=z
        print("call", self.x, self.y, self.z)

Run:

Example(1,2,3)(7,8,9)

结果:

- init 1 2 3
- call 7 8 9

定义自定义__call__()方法允许将类的实例作为函数调用，而不总是修改实例本身。

In [1]: class A:
   ...:     def __init__(self):
   ...:         print "init"
   ...:         
   ...:     def __call__(self):
   ...:         print "call"
   ...:         
   ...:         

In [2]: a = A()
init

In [3]: a()
call

__call__使类的实例可调用。 为什么需要它?

从技术上讲，__init__在对象创建时由__new__调用一次，以便可以初始化它。

但是在许多情况下，您可能想要重新定义对象，例如您已经完成了对象，并且可能发现需要一个新对象。使用__call__，你可以重新定义相同的对象，就像它是新的一样。

这只是一个案例，可能还有更多。

>>> class A:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "From init ... "
... 
>>> a = A()
From init ... 
>>> a()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
AttributeError: A instance has no __call__ method
>>> 
>>> class B:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "From init ... "
...     def __call__(self):
...         print "From call ... "
... 
>>> b = B()
From init ... 
>>> b()
From call ... 
>>>