安德鲁·阿诺特(Andrew Arnott)回答的几个变体:

If you want to wait for an existing task and find out whether it completed or timed out, but don't want to cancel it if the timeout occurs: public static async Task<bool> TimedOutAsync(this Task task, int timeoutMilliseconds) { if (timeoutMilliseconds < 0 || (timeoutMilliseconds > 0 && timeoutMilliseconds < 100)) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(); } if (timeoutMilliseconds == 0) { return !task.IsCompleted; // timed out if not completed } var cts = new CancellationTokenSource(); if (await Task.WhenAny( task, Task.Delay(timeoutMilliseconds, cts.Token)) == task) { cts.Cancel(); // task completed, get rid of timer await task; // test for exceptions or task cancellation return false; // did not timeout } else { return true; // did timeout } } If you want to start a work task and cancel the work if the timeout occurs: public static async Task<T> CancelAfterAsync<T>( this Func<CancellationToken,Task<T>> actionAsync, int timeoutMilliseconds) { if (timeoutMilliseconds < 0 || (timeoutMilliseconds > 0 && timeoutMilliseconds < 100)) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(); } var taskCts = new CancellationTokenSource(); var timerCts = new CancellationTokenSource(); Task<T> task = actionAsync(taskCts.Token); if (await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(timeoutMilliseconds, timerCts.Token)) == task) { timerCts.Cancel(); // task completed, get rid of timer } else { taskCts.Cancel(); // timer completed, get rid of task } return await task; // test for exceptions or task cancellation } If you have a task already created that you want to cancel if a timeout occurs: public static async Task<T> CancelAfterAsync<T>(this Task<T> task, int timeoutMilliseconds, CancellationTokenSource taskCts) { if (timeoutMilliseconds < 0 || (timeoutMilliseconds > 0 && timeoutMilliseconds < 100)) { throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(); } var timerCts = new CancellationTokenSource(); if (await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(timeoutMilliseconds, timerCts.Token)) == task) { timerCts.Cancel(); // task completed, get rid of timer } else { taskCts.Cancel(); // timer completed, get rid of task } return await task; // test for exceptions or task cancellation }

另一个注释是，如果超时没有发生，这些版本将取消计时器，因此多次调用不会导致计时器堆积。

sjb

为了它的乐趣，我做了一个“OnTimeout”扩展任务。超时时Task执行所需的内联lambda Action()并返回true，否则返回false。

public static async Task<bool> OnTimeout<T>(this T t, Action<T> action, int waitms) where T : Task
{
    if (!(await Task.WhenAny(t, Task.Delay(waitms)) == t))
    {
        action(t);
        return true;
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}

OnTimeout扩展返回一个bool结果，可以分配给一个变量，就像这个例子调用UDP套接字Async:

var t = UdpSocket.ReceiveAsync();

var timeout = await t.OnTimeout(task => {
    Console.WriteLine("No Response");
}, 5000);

在timeout lambda中可以访问“task”变量以进行更多处理。

Action接收对象的使用可能会启发其他各种扩展设计。

这个怎么样:

int timeout = 1000;
var task = SomeOperationAsync();
if (await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(timeout)) == task) {
    // task completed within timeout
} else { 
    // timeout logic
}

这里有一篇很棒的博客文章“制定任务”。TimeoutAfter Method”(来自MS并行库团队)提供了关于这类事情的更多信息。

补充:在我的回答的评论请求，这里是一个扩展的解决方案，包括取消处理。请注意，将取消传递给任务和计时器意味着在代码中可以经历多种取消方式，您应该确保测试并确信您正确地处理了所有这些方法。不要让各种组合的机会，并希望您的计算机在运行时做正确的事情。

int timeout = 1000;
var task = SomeOperationAsync(cancellationToken);
if (await Task.WhenAny(task, Task.Delay(timeout, cancellationToken)) == task)
{
    // Task completed within timeout.
    // Consider that the task may have faulted or been canceled.
    // We re-await the task so that any exceptions/cancellation is rethrown.
    await task;

}
else
{
    // timeout/cancellation logic
}

如果使用BlockingCollection来调度任务，生产者可以运行可能长时间运行的任务，消费者可以使用TryTake方法，该方法具有内置的超时和取消令牌。

在。net 6 (Preview 7)或更高版本中，有一个新的内置方法Task。WaitAsync来实现这一点。

// Using TimeSpan
await myTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));

// Using CancellationToken
await myTask.WaitAsync(cancellationToken);

// Using both TimeSpan and CancellationToken
await myTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), cancellationToken);

如果任务在TimeSpan或CancellationToken之前没有完成，那么它会分别抛出TimeoutException或TaskCanceledException

try
{
    await myTask.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10), cancellationToken);

}
catch (TaskCanceledException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Task didn't get finished before the `CancellationToken`");
}
catch (TimeoutException)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Task didn't get finished before the `TimeSpan`");
}

这是对之前答案的稍微强化版。

除了Lawrence的答案之外，它还会在超时发生时取消原来的任务。 除了sjb的应答变量2和3之外，您还可以为原始任务提供CancellationToken，当超时发生时，您将获得TimeoutException而不是OperationCanceledException。

async Task<TResult> CancelAfterAsync<TResult>(
    Func<CancellationToken, Task<TResult>> startTask,
    TimeSpan timeout, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    using (var timeoutCancellation = new CancellationTokenSource())
    using (var combinedCancellation = CancellationTokenSource
        .CreateLinkedTokenSource(cancellationToken, timeoutCancellation.Token))
    {
        var originalTask = startTask(combinedCancellation.Token);
        var delayTask = Task.Delay(timeout, timeoutCancellation.Token);
        var completedTask = await Task.WhenAny(originalTask, delayTask);
        // Cancel timeout to stop either task:
        // - Either the original task completed, so we need to cancel the delay task.
        // - Or the timeout expired, so we need to cancel the original task.
        // Canceling will not affect a task, that is already completed.
        timeoutCancellation.Cancel();
        if (completedTask == originalTask)
        {
            // original task completed
            return await originalTask;
        }
        else
        {
            // timeout
            throw new TimeoutException();
        }
    }
}

使用

InnerCallAsync可能需要很长时间才能完成。CallAsync用超时包装它。

async Task<int> CallAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    var timeout = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(1);
    int result = await CancelAfterAsync(ct => InnerCallAsync(ct), timeout,
        cancellationToken);
    return result;
}

async Task<int> InnerCallAsync(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
    return 42;
}