有一些简单的方法来填充字符串在Java?
似乎是一些应该在一些stringutil类API,但我找不到任何东西,这样做。
有一些简单的方法来填充字符串在Java?
似乎是一些应该在一些stringutil类API,但我找不到任何东西,这样做。
当前回答
不管怎样,我一直在寻找一些可以填充的东西,然后我决定自己编写代码。它非常简洁,你可以很容易地从中推导出padLeft和padRight
/**
* Pads around a string, both left and right using pad as the template, aligning to the right or left as indicated.
* @param a the string to pad on both left and right
* @param pad the template to pad with, it can be of any size
* @param width the fixed width to output
* @param alignRight if true, when the input string is of odd length, adds an extra pad char to the left, so values are right aligned
* otherwise add an extra pad char to the right. When the input is of even length no extra chars will be inserted
* @return the input param a padded around.
*/
public static String padAround(String a, String pad, int width, boolean alignRight) {
if (pad.length() == 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Pad cannot be an empty string!");
int delta = width - a.length();
if (delta < 1)
return a;
int half = delta / 2;
int remainder = delta % 2;
String padding = pad.repeat(((half+remainder)/pad.length()+1)); // repeating the padding to occupy all possible space
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(width);
// sb.append( padding.substring(0,half + (alignRight ? 0 : remainder)));
sb.append(padding, 0, half + (alignRight ? 0 : remainder));
sb.append(a);
// sb.append( padding.substring(0,half + (alignRight ? remainder : 0)));
sb.append(padding, 0, half + (alignRight ? remainder : 0));
return sb.toString();
}
虽然它应该是相当快的,它可能会受益于使用一些韵母在这里和那里。
其他回答
概括一下Eko的答案(Java 11+):
public class StringUtils {
public static String padLeft(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
if (padSize < 0) {
var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
}
int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
return Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats) + s;
}
public static String padRight(String s, char fill, int padSize) {
if (padSize < 0) {
var err = "padSize must be >= 0 (was " + padSize + ")";
throw new java.lang.IllegalArgumentException(err);
}
int repeats = Math.max(0, padSize - s.length());
return s + Character.toString(fill).repeat(repeats);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(padLeft("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
System.out.println(padLeft("1", 'x', 5)); // => xxxx1
System.out.println(padLeft("12", 'x', 5)); // => xxx12
System.out.println(padLeft("123", 'x', 5)); // => xx123
System.out.println(padLeft("1234", 'x', 5)); // => x1234
System.out.println(padLeft("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
System.out.println(padLeft("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456
System.out.println(padRight("", 'x', 5)); // => xxxxx
System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', 5)); // => 1xxxx
System.out.println(padRight("12", 'x', 5)); // => 12xxx
System.out.println(padRight("123", 'x', 5)); // => 123xx
System.out.println(padRight("1234", 'x', 5)); // => 1234x
System.out.println(padRight("12345", 'x', 5)); // => 12345
System.out.println(padRight("123456", 'x', 5)); // => 123456
System.out.println(padRight("1", 'x', -1)); // => throws
}
}
Apache StringUtils有几个方法:leftPad, rightPad, center和repeat。
但是请注意,正如其他人在这个回答中提到和演示的那样,JDK中的String.format()和Formatter类是更好的选择。使用它们而不是公共代码。
s =字符串填充 n =期望长度 c = Char到pad
private String padStart( String s, int n, char c ){
if( n <= 0 ) return s;
else return String.format("%" + n + "s", s).replace(' ', c);
}
使用该函数。
private String leftPadding(String word, int length, char ch) {
return (length > word.length()) ? leftPadding(ch + word, length, ch) : word;
}
如何使用?
leftPadding(month, 2, '0');
输出: 01 02 03 04 ..11日12
你可以通过保留填充数据来减少每次调用的开销,而不是每次都重新构建:
public class RightPadder {
private int length;
private String padding;
public RightPadder(int length, String pad) {
this.length = length;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(pad);
while (sb.length() < length) {
sb.append(sb);
}
padding = sb.toString();
}
public String pad(String s) {
return (s.length() < length ? s + padding : s).substring(0, length);
}
}
作为一种替代方法,您可以将结果长度作为pad(…)方法的参数。在这种情况下,在该方法中而不是在构造函数中调整隐藏填充。
(提示:为了获得额外的学分,让它是线程安全的!: -)