Java联机程序，没有花哨的库。

// 6 characters padding example
String pad = "******";
// testcases for 0, 4, 8 characters
String input = "" | "abcd" | "abcdefgh"

左Pad，不要限制

result = pad.substring(Math.min(input.length(),pad.length())) + input;
results: "******" | "**abcd" | "abcdefgh"

右移，不要限制

result = input + pad.substring(Math.min(input.length(),pad.length()));
results: "******" | "abcd**" | "abcdefgh"

左衬垫，限制衬垫长度

result = (pad + input).substring(input.length(), input.length() + pad.length());
results: "******" | "**abcd" | "cdefgh"

右垫，限制垫的长度

result = (input + pad).substring(0, pad.length());
results: "******" | "abcd**" | "abcdef"

在番石榴中，这很简单:

Strings.padStart("string", 10, ' ');
Strings.padEnd("string", 10, ' ');

不管怎样，我一直在寻找一些可以填充的东西，然后我决定自己编写代码。它非常简洁，你可以很容易地从中推导出padLeft和padRight

    /**
     * Pads around a string, both left and right using pad as the template, aligning to the right or left as indicated.
     * @param a the string to pad on both left and right
     * @param pad the template to pad with, it can be of any size
     * @param width the fixed width to output
     * @param alignRight if true, when the input string is of odd length, adds an extra pad char to the left, so values are right aligned
     *                   otherwise add an extra pad char to the right. When the input is of even length no extra chars will be inserted
     * @return the input param a padded around.
     */
    public static String padAround(String a, String pad, int width, boolean alignRight) {
        if (pad.length() == 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Pad cannot be an empty string!");
        int delta = width - a.length();
        if (delta < 1)
            return a;
        int half = delta / 2;
        int remainder = delta % 2;
        String padding = pad.repeat(((half+remainder)/pad.length()+1)); // repeating the padding to occupy all possible space
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(width);
//        sb.append( padding.substring(0,half + (alignRight ? 0 : remainder)));
        sb.append(padding, 0, half + (alignRight ? 0 : remainder));
        sb.append(a);
//        sb.append( padding.substring(0,half + (alignRight ? remainder : 0)));
        sb.append(padding, 0, half + (alignRight ? remainder : 0));

        return sb.toString();
    }

虽然它应该是相当快的，它可能会受益于使用一些韵母在这里和那里。

另一种利用递归的解决方案。

这与所有JDK版本兼容，不需要外部库:

private static String addPadding(final String str, final int desiredLength, final String padBy) {
    String result = str;
    if (str.length() >= desiredLength) {
        return result;
    } else {
        result += padBy;
        return addPadding(result, desiredLength, padBy);
    }
}

注意:这个解决方案将附加填充，与一个小调整，你可以前缀填充值。

formatter会做左右填充。不需要奇怪的第三方依赖关系(您会为如此微不足道的事情添加它们吗)。

[我省略了细节，把这篇文章做成“社区维基”，因为这不是我需要的东西。]

@ck和@Marlon Tarak的答案是唯一使用char[]的答案，对于每秒有几个填充方法调用的应用程序来说，这是最好的方法。然而，它们没有利用任何数组操作优化，而且对我来说有点覆盖;这完全不需要循环。

public static String pad(String source, char fill, int length, boolean right){
    if(source.length() > length) return source;
    char[] out = new char[length];
    if(right){
        System.arraycopy(source.toCharArray(), 0, out, 0, source.length());
        Arrays.fill(out, source.length(), length, fill);
    }else{
        int sourceOffset = length - source.length();
        System.arraycopy(source.toCharArray(), 0, out, sourceOffset, source.length());
        Arrays.fill(out, 0, sourceOffset, fill);
    }
    return new String(out);
}

简单测试方法:

public static void main(String... args){
    System.out.println("012345678901234567890123456789");
    System.out.println(pad("cats", ' ', 30, true));
    System.out.println(pad("cats", ' ', 30, false));
    System.out.println(pad("cats", ' ', 20, false));
    System.out.println(pad("cats", '$', 30, true));
    System.out.println(pad("too long for your own good, buddy", '#', 30, true));
}

输出:

012345678901234567890123456789
cats                          
                          cats
                cats
cats$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
too long for your own good, buddy