好吧，我来总结一下大家之前说过的话…不管怎样，这是我根据好的答案构建的代码:)剩下要做的就是复制和使用…

/// <summary>
/// Checks to make sure that the input delegate throws a exception of type TException.
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="TException">The type of exception expected.</typeparam>
/// <param name="methodToExecute">The method to execute to generate the exception.</param>
public static void AssertRaises<TException>(Action methodToExecute) where TException : System.Exception
{
    try
    {
        methodToExecute();
    }
    catch (TException) {
        return;
    }  
    catch (System.Exception ex)
    {
        Assert.Fail("Expected exception of type " + typeof(TException) + " but type of " + ex.GetType() + " was thrown instead.");
    }
    Assert.Fail("Expected exception of type " + typeof(TException) + " but no exception was thrown.");  
}

你可以从Nuget下载一个包，使用:PM> Install-Package MSTestExtensions将Assert.Throws()语法以nUnit/xUnit的风格添加到MsTest。

高级指令:从BaseTest下载程序集并继承，您可以使用Assert.Throws()语法。

Throws实现的主要方法如下所示:

public static void Throws<T>(Action task, string expectedMessage, ExceptionMessageCompareOptions options) where T : Exception
{
    try
    {
        task();
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        AssertExceptionType<T>(ex);
        AssertExceptionMessage(ex, expectedMessage, options);
        return;
    }

    if (typeof(T).Equals(new Exception().GetType()))
    {
        Assert.Fail("Expected exception but no exception was thrown.");
    }
    else
    {
        Assert.Fail(string.Format("Expected exception of type {0} but no exception was thrown.", typeof(T)));
    }
}

披露:我整理了这个包。

更多信息:http://www.bradoncode.com/blog/2012/01/asserting-exceptions-in-mstest-with.html

既然您提到了使用其他测试类，那么比ExpectedException属性更好的选择是使用Shoudly的Should.Throw。

Should.Throw<DivideByZeroException>(() => { MyDivideMethod(1, 0); });

假设我们有一个需求，客户必须有一个地址才能创建订单。如果不是，CreateOrderForCustomer方法应该导致一个ArgumentException。那么我们可以这样写:

[TestMethod]
public void NullUserIdInConstructor()
{
  var customer = new Customer(name := "Justin", address := null};

  Should.Throw<ArgumentException>(() => {
    var order = CreateOrderForCustomer(customer) });
}

这比使用ExpectedException属性更好，因为我们明确了应该抛出错误的内容。这使得测试中的需求更加清晰，并且在测试失败时更容易诊断。

注意这里还有一个Should。ThrowAsync用于异步方法测试。

FluentAssertions例子

为那些使用该库的用户添加一个使用FluentAssertions的示例。

// act
Action result = () => {
    sut.DoSomething();
};

// assert
result.Should().Throw<Exception>();

异步的例子

// act
Func<Task> result = async () => {
    await sut.DoSomethingAsync();
};

// assert
await result.Should().ThrowAsync<Exception>();

这是测试方法的一个属性…你不使用Assert。看起来是这样的:

[ExpectedException(typeof(ExceptionType))]
public void YourMethod_should_throw_exception()

上面@Richiban提供的帮助器工作得很好，只是它不能处理抛出异常的情况，也不能处理预期的类型。以下说明:

using System;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;

namespace YourProject.Tests
{
    public static class MyAssert
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Helper for Asserting that a function throws an exception of a particular type.
        /// </summary>
        public static void Throws<T>( Action func ) where T : Exception
        {
            Exception exceptionOther = null;
            var exceptionThrown = false;
            try
            {
                func.Invoke();
            }
            catch ( T )
            {
                exceptionThrown = true;
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                exceptionOther = e;
            }

            if ( !exceptionThrown )
            {
                if (exceptionOther != null) {
                    throw new AssertFailedException(
                        String.Format("An exception of type {0} was expected, but not thrown. Instead, an exception of type {1} was thrown.", typeof(T), exceptionOther.GetType()),
                        exceptionOther
                        );
                }

                throw new AssertFailedException(
                    String.Format("An exception of type {0} was expected, but no exception was thrown.", typeof(T))
                    );
            }
        }
    }
}