考虑以下几点:
@property
def name(self):
if not hasattr(self, '_name'):
# expensive calculation
self._name = 1 + 1
return self._name
我是新来的，但我认为缓存可以分解成一个装饰器。只是我没有找到一个这样的;)
PS，真正的计算不依赖于可变值
当前回答
from functools import wraps
def cache(maxsize=128):
cache = {}
def decorator(func):
@wraps(func)
def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
if no_cache:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"
if key in cache:
return cache[key]
res = func(*args, **kwargs)
if len(cache) > maxsize:
del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
cache[key] = res
return res
return inner
return decorator
def async_cache(maxsize=128):
cache = {}
def decorator(func):
@wraps(func)
async def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
if no_cache:
return await func(*args, **kwargs)
key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"
if key in cache:
return cache[key]
res = await func(*args, **kwargs)
if len(cache) > maxsize:
del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
cache[key] = res
return res
return inner
return decorator
示例使用
import asyncio
import aiohttp
# Removes the aiohttp ClientSession instance warning.
class HTTPSession(aiohttp.ClientSession):
""" Abstract class for aiohttp. """
def __init__(self, loop=None) -> None:
super().__init__(loop=loop or asyncio.get_event_loop())
def __del__(self) -> None:
if not self.closed:
self.loop.run_until_complete(self.close())
self.loop.close()
return
session = HTTPSession()
@async_cache()
async def query(url, method="get", res_method="text", *args, **kwargs):
async with getattr(session, method.lower())(url, *args, **kwargs) as res:
return await getattr(res, res_method)()
async def get(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "get", *args, **kwargs)
async def post(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "post", *args, **kwargs)
async def delete(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "delete", *args, **kwargs)
其他回答
我编写了这个简单的装饰器类来缓存函数响应。我发现它对我的项目非常有用:
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
class cached(object):
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self.cached_function_responses = {}
self.default_max_age = kwargs.get("default_cache_max_age", timedelta(seconds=0))
def __call__(self, func):
def inner(*args, **kwargs):
max_age = kwargs.get('max_age', self.default_max_age)
if not max_age or func not in self.cached_function_responses or (datetime.now() - self.cached_function_responses[func]['fetch_time'] > max_age):
if 'max_age' in kwargs: del kwargs['max_age']
res = func(*args, **kwargs)
self.cached_function_responses[func] = {'data': res, 'fetch_time': datetime.now()}
return self.cached_function_responses[func]['data']
return inner
用法很简单:
import time
@cached
def myfunc(a):
print "in func"
return (a, datetime.now())
@cached(default_max_age = timedelta(seconds=6))
def cacheable_test(a):
print "in cacheable test: "
return (a, datetime.now())
print cacheable_test(1,max_age=timedelta(seconds=5))
print cacheable_test(2,max_age=timedelta(seconds=5))
time.sleep(7)
print cacheable_test(3,max_age=timedelta(seconds=5))
啊，只需要给这个找到一个正确的名字:“懒惰的属性评估”。
我也经常这样做;也许有一天我会在我的代码中使用这个配方。
尝试joblib https://joblib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/memory.html
from joblib import Memory
memory = Memory(cachedir=cachedir, verbose=0)
@memory.cache
def f(x):
print('Running f(%s)' % x)
return x
创建自己的装饰器并使用它
from django.core.cache import cache
import functools
def cache_returned_values(func):
@functools.wraps(func)
def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
key = "choose a unique key here"
results = cache.get(key)
if not results:
results = func(*args, **kwargs)
cache.set(key, results)
return results
return wrapper
现在看函数
@cache_returned_values
def get_some_values(args):
return x
from functools import wraps
def cache(maxsize=128):
cache = {}
def decorator(func):
@wraps(func)
def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
if no_cache:
return func(*args, **kwargs)
key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"
if key in cache:
return cache[key]
res = func(*args, **kwargs)
if len(cache) > maxsize:
del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
cache[key] = res
return res
return inner
return decorator
def async_cache(maxsize=128):
cache = {}
def decorator(func):
@wraps(func)
async def inner(*args, no_cache=False, **kwargs):
if no_cache:
return await func(*args, **kwargs)
key_base = "_".join(str(x) for x in args)
key_end = "_".join(f"{k}:{v}" for k, v in kwargs.items())
key = f"{key_base}-{key_end}"
if key in cache:
return cache[key]
res = await func(*args, **kwargs)
if len(cache) > maxsize:
del cache[list(cache.keys())[0]]
cache[key] = res
return res
return inner
return decorator
示例使用
import asyncio
import aiohttp
# Removes the aiohttp ClientSession instance warning.
class HTTPSession(aiohttp.ClientSession):
""" Abstract class for aiohttp. """
def __init__(self, loop=None) -> None:
super().__init__(loop=loop or asyncio.get_event_loop())
def __del__(self) -> None:
if not self.closed:
self.loop.run_until_complete(self.close())
self.loop.close()
return
session = HTTPSession()
@async_cache()
async def query(url, method="get", res_method="text", *args, **kwargs):
async with getattr(session, method.lower())(url, *args, **kwargs) as res:
return await getattr(res, res_method)()
async def get(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "get", *args, **kwargs)
async def post(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "post", *args, **kwargs)
async def delete(url, *args, **kwargs):
return await query(url, "delete", *args, **kwargs)
