我喜欢Onur的答案，但会扩展到包括一个可选的toJSON()方法，用于对象序列化自己:

def dumper(obj):
    try:
        return obj.toJSON()
    except:
        return obj.__dict__
print json.dumps(some_big_object, default=dumper, indent=2)

class DObject(json.JSONEncoder):
    def delete_not_related_keys(self, _dict):
        for key in ["skipkeys", "ensure_ascii", "check_circular", "allow_nan", "sort_keys", "indent"]:
            try:
                del _dict[key]
            except:
                continue

    def default(self, o):
        if hasattr(o, '__dict__'):
            my_dict = o.__dict__.copy()
            self.delete_not_related_keys(my_dict)
            return my_dict
        else:
            return o

a = DObject()
a.name = 'abdul wahid'
b = DObject()
b.name = a

print(json.dumps(b, cls=DObject))

这个函数使用递归迭代遍历字典的每个部分，然后调用非内置类型类的repr()方法。

def sterilize(obj):
    object_type = type(obj)
    if isinstance(obj, dict):
        return {k: sterilize(v) for k, v in obj.items()}
    elif object_type in (list, tuple):
        return [sterilize(v) for v in obj]
    elif object_type in (str, int, bool, float):
        return obj
    else:
        return obj.__repr__()

对于更复杂的类，您可以考虑使用jsonpickle工具:

jsonpickle is a Python library for serialization and deserialization of complex Python objects to and from JSON. The standard Python libraries for encoding Python into JSON, such as the stdlib’s json, simplejson, and demjson, can only handle Python primitives that have a direct JSON equivalent (e.g. dicts, lists, strings, ints, etc.). jsonpickle builds on top of these libraries and allows more complex data structures to be serialized to JSON. jsonpickle is highly configurable and extendable–allowing the user to choose the JSON backend and add additional backends.

(链接到PyPi上的jsonpickle)

你们为什么要把事情搞得这么复杂?这里有一个简单的例子:

#!/usr/bin/env python3

import json
from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass
class Person:
    first: str
    last: str
    age: int

    @property
    def __json__(self):
        return {
            "name": f"{self.first} {self.last}",
            "age": self.age
        }

john = Person("John", "Doe", 42)
print(json.dumps(john, indent=4, default=lambda x: x.__json__))

这样你也可以序列化嵌套类，因为__json__返回一个python对象而不是字符串。不需要使用JSONEncoder，因为使用简单lambda的默认参数也可以很好地工作。

我使用@property代替了一个简单的函数，因为这样感觉更自然和现代。@dataclass也只是一个例子，它也适用于“普通”类。

Kyle Delaney的评论是正确的，所以我尝试使用https://stackoverflow.com/a/15538391/1497139以及https://stackoverflow.com/a/10254820/1497139的改进版本

创建一个“JSONAble”mixin。

因此，要使一个类JSON可序列化使用“JSONAble”作为超类，并调用:

 instance.toJSON()

or

 instance.asJSON()

对于这两种方法。您还可以使用本文提供的其他方法扩展JSONAble类。

家庭和个人单元测试样本的测试示例结果如下:

toJSOn ():

{
    "members": {
        "Flintstone,Fred": {
            "firstName": "Fred",
            "lastName": "Flintstone"
        },
        "Flintstone,Wilma": {
            "firstName": "Wilma",
            "lastName": "Flintstone"
        }
    },
    "name": "The Flintstones"
}

asJSOn ():

{'name': 'The Flintstones', 'members': {'Flintstone,Fred': {'firstName': 'Fred', 'lastName': 'Flintstone'}, 'Flintstone,Wilma': {'firstName': 'Wilma', 'lastName': 'Flintstone'}}}

使用家庭和个人样本进行单元测试

def testJsonAble(self):
        family=Family("The Flintstones")
        family.add(Person("Fred","Flintstone")) 
        family.add(Person("Wilma","Flintstone"))
        json1=family.toJSON()
        json2=family.asJSON()
        print(json1)
        print(json2)

class Family(JSONAble):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name=name
        self.members={}
    
    def add(self,person):
        self.members[person.lastName+","+person.firstName]=person

class Person(JSONAble):
    def __init__(self,firstName,lastName):
        self.firstName=firstName;
        self.lastName=lastName;

JSONAble .py定义JSONAble mixin

 '''
Created on 2020-09-03

@author: wf
'''
import json

class JSONAble(object):
    '''
    mixin to allow classes to be JSON serializable see
    https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3768895/how-to-make-a-class-json-serializable
    '''

    def __init__(self):
        '''
        Constructor
        '''
    
    def toJSON(self):
        return json.dumps(self, default=lambda o: o.__dict__, 
            sort_keys=True, indent=4)
        
    def getValue(self,v):
        if (hasattr(v, "asJSON")):
            return v.asJSON()
        elif type(v) is dict:
            return self.reprDict(v)
        elif type(v) is list:
            vlist=[]
            for vitem in v:
                vlist.append(self.getValue(vitem))
            return vlist
        else:   
            return v
    
    def reprDict(self,srcDict):
        '''
        get my dict elements
        '''
        d = dict()
        for a, v in srcDict.items():
            d[a]=self.getValue(v)
        return d
    
    def asJSON(self):
        '''
        recursively return my dict elements
        '''
        return self.reprDict(self.__dict__)   

您将发现这些方法现在集成在https://github.com/WolfgangFahl/pyLoDStorage项目中，该项目可在https://pypi.org/project/pylodstorage/上获得