在React中，状态存储数据和道具。它与后者的不同之处在于存储的数据可以通过不同的更改进行修改。它们只不过是用JavaScript编写的对象，所以它们可以包含数据或代码，表示您想要建模的信息。如果您需要更多的细节，建议您阅读这些出版物 在React和 React中道具的使用

这是我目前对于状态与道具之间的解释的观点

State就像组件中的局部变量。你可以操纵 使用set state获取state的值。然后可以传递state的值 例如，您的子组件。 Props是位于redux存储中的值 来源于来源于减速器的状态。您的组件 应该连接到redux从道具中获取值。你也可以通过 你的props值给你的子组件

Basically, props and state are two ways the component can know what and how to render. Which part of the application state belongs to state and which to some top-level store, is more related to your app design, than to how React works. The simplest way to decide, IMO, is to think, whether this particular piece of data is useful for application as a whole, or it's some local information. Also, it's important to not duplicate state, so if some piece of data can be calculated from props - it should calculated from props.

For example, let's say you have some dropdown control (which wraps standart HTML select for custom styling), which can a) select some value from list, and b) be opened or closed (i.e., the options list displayed or hidden). Now, let's say your app displays a list of items of some sort and your dropdown controls filter for list entries. Then, it would be best to pass active filter value as a prop, and keep opened/closed state local. Also, to make it functional, you would pass an onChange handler from parent component, which would be called inside dropdown element and send updated information (new selected filter) to the store immediately. On the other hand, opened/closed state can be kept inside dropdown component, because the rest of the application doesn't really care if the control is opened, until user actually changes it value.

下面的代码是不完全工作，它需要css和处理下拉单击/模糊/改变事件，但我想保持示例最小。希望这有助于理解其中的区别。

const _store = {
    items: [
    { id: 1, label: 'One' },
    { id: 2, label: 'Two' },
    { id: 3, label: 'Three', new: true },
    { id: 4, label: 'Four', new: true },
    { id: 5, label: 'Five', important: true },
    { id: 6, label: 'Six' },
    { id: 7, label: 'Seven', important: true },
    ],
  activeFilter: 'important',
  possibleFilters: [
    { key: 'all', label: 'All' },
    { key: 'new', label: 'New' },
    { key: 'important', label: 'Important' }
  ]
}

function getFilteredItems(items, filter) {
    switch (filter) {
    case 'all':
        return items;

    case 'new':
        return items.filter(function(item) { return Boolean(item.new); });

    case 'important':
        return items.filter(function(item) { return Boolean(item.important); });

    default:
        return items;
  }
}

const App = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
            <div>
            My list:

            <ItemList   items={this.props.listItems} />
          <div>
            <Dropdown 
              onFilterChange={function(e) {
                _store.activeFilter = e.currentTarget.value;
                console.log(_store); // in real life, some action would be dispatched here
              }}
              filterOptions={this.props.filterOptions}
              value={this.props.activeFilter}
              />
          </div>
        </div>
      );
  }
});

const ItemList = React.createClass({
  render: function() {
    return (
      <div>
        {this.props.items.map(function(item) {
          return <div key={item.id}>{item.id}: {item.label}</div>;
        })}
      </div>
    );
  }
});

const Dropdown = React.createClass({
    getInitialState: function() {
    return {
        isOpen: false
    };
  },

  render: function() {
    return (
        <div>
            <select 
            className="hidden-select" 
          onChange={this.props.onFilterChange}
          value={this.props.value}>
            {this.props.filterOptions.map(function(option) {
            return <option value={option.key} key={option.key}>{option.label}</option>
          })}
        </select>

        <div className={'custom-select' + (this.state.isOpen ? ' open' : '')} onClick={this.onClick}>
            <div className="selected-value">{this.props.activeFilter}</div>
          {this.props.filterOptions.map(function(option) {
            return <div data-value={option.key} key={option.key}>{option.label}</div>
          })}
        </div>
      </div>
    );
  },

  onClick: function(e) {
    this.setState({
        isOpen: !this.state.isOpen
    });
  }
});

ReactDOM.render(
  <App 
    listItems={getFilteredItems(_store.items, _store.activeFilter)} 
    filterOptions={_store.possibleFilters}
    activeFilter={_store.activeFilter}
    />,
  document.getElementById('root')
);

我们可以改变states的值但我们不能改变props的值，或者我们可以说props是不可变的而states是可变的

状态:

状态是可变的。 状态与单个组件相关联，不能被其他组件使用。 在组件挂载时初始化状态。 状态用于呈现组件内的动态更改。

道具:

道具是不可变的。 您可以在组件之间传递道具。 道具主要用于组件之间的通信。你可以直接从父母传递给孩子。用于从孩子传递给父母 你需要使用提升状态的概念。

类Parent扩展React。组件{ 呈现() { 回报( < div > <孩子的名字= {"ron"}/> . < / div > ）; ｝ ｝ 子类扩展React。组件{ ｛ 呈现(){ 回报( < div > {this.props.name} < / div > ）; ｝ ｝

道具是在渲染时传递给组件的值、对象或数组。这些道具通常是组件中创建UI、设置某些默认功能或填充字段所需的值。道具也可以以父组件传递给子组件的函数的形式出现。

状态在组件(子组件或父组件)中进行管理。

下面是我找到的一个支持这一点的定义: