我有一个用PHP编写的代码片段,它从数据库中提取一个文本块,并将其发送到网页上的一个小部件。原文可以是一篇很长的文章,也可以是一两个短句;但是对于这个小部件,我不能显示超过200个字符。我可以使用substr()在200个字符处切断文本,但结果将在单词中间切断——我真正想要的是在200个字符前的最后一个单词的末尾切断文本。
当前回答
使用strpos和substr:
<?php
$longString = "I have a code snippet written in PHP that pulls a block of text.";
$truncated = substr($longString,0,strpos($longString,' ',30));
echo $truncated;
这将为您提供一个在30个字符后的第一个空格处截断的字符串。
其他回答
Keep in mind whenever you're splitting by "word" anywhere that some languages such as Chinese and Japanese do not use a space character to split words. Also, a malicious user could simply enter text without any spaces, or using some Unicode look-alike to the standard space character, in which case any solution you use may end up displaying the entire text anyway. A way around this may be to check the string length after splitting it on spaces as normal, then, if the string is still above an abnormal limit - maybe 225 characters in this case - going ahead and splitting it dumbly at that limit.
当涉及到非ascii字符时,还有一个类似的警告;包含它们的字符串可能会被PHP的标准strlen()解释为比实际更长,因为单个字符可能占用两个或更多字节,而不是一个字节。如果你只是使用strlen()/substr()函数来分割字符串,你可能会在字符中间分割字符串!如果有疑问,mb_strlen()/mb_substr()更简单一些。
我知道这很旧,但是…
function _truncate($str, $limit) {
if(strlen($str) < $limit)
return $str;
$uid = uniqid();
return array_shift(explode($uid, wordwrap($str, $limit, $uid)));
}
就我所知,这里所有的解只有在起点固定的情况下才有效。 允许你转动这个: 悲伤之神,神圣之神,痛苦之神,痛苦之神。Ut enim ad minim veniam。 到这个: 神圣的,神圣的… 如果想要截断一组特定关键字周围的单词,该怎么办?
截断一组特定关键字周围的文本。
我们的目标是能够转换这个:
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna liqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam.
到这个:
...consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor...
这是在显示搜索结果、摘要等时非常常见的情况。为了实现这一点,我们可以结合使用以下两种方法:
/**
* Return the index of the $haystack matching $needle,
* or NULL if there is no match.
*
* This function is case-insensitive
*
* @param string $needle
* @param array $haystack
* @return false|int
*/
function regexFindInArray(string $needle, array $haystack): ?int
{
for ($i = 0; $i < count($haystack); $i++) {
if (preg_match('/' . preg_quote($needle) . '/i', $haystack[$i]) === 1) {
return $i;
}
}
return null;
}
/**
* If the keyword is not present, it returns the maximum number of full
* words that the max number of characters provided by $maxLength allow,
* starting from the left.
*
* If the keyword is present, it adds words to both sides of the keyword
* keeping a balanace between the length of the suffix and the prefix.
*
* @param string $text
* @param string $keyword
* @param int $maxLength
* @param string $ellipsis
* @return string
*/
function truncateWordSurroundingsByLength(string $text, string $keyword,
int $maxLength, string $ellipsis): string
{
if (strlen($text) < $maxLength) {
return $text;
}
$pattern = '/' . '^(.*?)\s' .
'([^\s]*' . preg_quote($keyword) . '[^\s]*)' .
'\s(.*)$' . '/i';
preg_match($pattern, $text, $matches);
// break everything into words except the matching keywords,
// which can contain spaces
if (count($matches) == 4) {
$words = preg_split("/\s+/", $matches[1], -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
$words[] = $matches[2];
$words = array_merge($words,
preg_split("/\s+/", $matches[3], -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY));
} else {
$words = preg_split("/\s+/", $text, -1, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
}
// find the index of the matching word
$firstMatchingWordIndex = regexFindInArray($keyword, $words) ?? 0;
$length = false;
$prefixLength = $suffixLength = 0;
$prefixIndex = $firstMatchingWordIndex - 1;
$suffixIndex = $firstMatchingWordIndex + 1;
// Initialize the text with the matching word
$text = $words[$firstMatchingWordIndex];
while (($prefixIndex >= 0 or $suffixIndex <= count($words))
and strlen($text) < $maxLength and strlen($text) !== $length) {
$length = strlen($text);
if (isset($words[$prefixIndex])
and (strlen($text) + strlen($words[$prefixIndex]) <= $maxLength)
and ($prefixLength <= $suffixLength
or strlen($text) + strlen($words[$suffixIndex]) <= $maxLength)) {
$prefixLength += strlen($words[$prefixIndex]);
$text = $words[$prefixIndex] . ' ' . $text;
$prefixIndex--;
}
if (isset($words[$suffixIndex])
and (strlen($text) + strlen($words[$suffixIndex]) <= $maxLength)
and ($suffixLength <= $prefixLength
or strlen($text) + strlen($words[$prefixIndex]) <= $maxLength)) {
$suffixLength += strlen($words[$suffixIndex]);
$text = $text . ' ' . $words[$suffixIndex];
$suffixIndex++;
}
}
if ($prefixIndex > 0) {
$text = $ellipsis . ' ' . $text;
}
if ($suffixIndex < count($words)) {
$text = $text . ' ' . $ellipsis;
}
return $text;
}
现在你可以做:
$text = 'Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do' .
'iusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna liqua. Ut enim' .
'ad minim veniam.';
$text = truncateWordSurroundingsByLength($text, 'elit', 25, '...');
var_dump($text); // string(32) "... adipisicing elit, sed do ..."
运行代码。
Dave和AmalMurali的代码中添加了IF/ELSEIF语句,用于处理没有空格的字符串
if ((strpos($string, ' ') !== false) && (strlen($string) > 200)) {
$WidgetText = substr($string, 0, strrpos(substr($string, 0, 200), ' '));
}
elseif (strlen($string) > 200) {
$WidgetText = substr($string, 0, 200);
}
使用strpos和substr:
<?php
$longString = "I have a code snippet written in PHP that pulls a block of text.";
$truncated = substr($longString,0,strpos($longString,' ',30));
echo $truncated;
这将为您提供一个在30个字符后的第一个空格处截断的字符串。
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