我喜欢这里的python-slugify方法，但它也剥离点，这是不希望的。所以我优化了上传一个干净的文件名到s3:

pip install python-slugify

示例代码:

s = 'Very / Unsafe / file\nname hähä \n\r .txt'
clean_basename = slugify(os.path.splitext(s)[0])
clean_extension = slugify(os.path.splitext(s)[1][1:])
if clean_extension:
    clean_filename = '{}.{}'.format(clean_basename, clean_extension)
elif clean_basename:
    clean_filename = clean_basename
else:
    clean_filename = 'none' # only unclean characters

输出:

>>> clean_filename
'very-unsafe-file-name-haha.txt'

这是如此的故障安全，它适用于没有扩展名的文件名，甚至只适用于不安全的字符文件名(这里的结果是none)。

为什么不直接用try/except来包装“osopen”，让底层操作系统来判断文件是否有效?

这看起来工作量少得多，而且无论您使用哪种操作系统都是有效的。

当遇到同样的问题时，我使用python-slugify。

Shoham也建议使用这种方法，但正如therealmarv指出的那样，默认情况下python-slugify也会转换圆点。

可以通过在regex_pattern参数中包含点来否决这种行为。

> filename = "This is a väryì' Strange File-Nömé.jpeg"
> pattern = re.compile(r'[^-a-zA-Z0-9.]+')
> slugify(filename,regex_pattern=pattern) 
'this-is-a-varyi-strange-file-nome.jpeg'

方法复制的正则表达式模式

ALLOWED_CHARS_PATTERN_WITH_UPPERCASE

python-slugify包的slugify.py文件中的全局变量，并扩展为“。”

请记住，像.()这样的特殊字符必须用\转义。

如果您想保留大写字母，请使用小写=False参数。

> filename = "This is a väryì' Strange File-Nömé.jpeg"
> pattern = re.compile(r'[^-a-zA-Z0-9.]+')
> slugify(filename,regex_pattern=pattern, lowercase=False) 
'This-is-a-varyi-Strange-File-Nome.jpeg'

这是使用Python 3.8.4和Python -slugify 4.0.1实现的

这是Windows特定路径的另一个答案，使用简单的替换，没有时髦的模块:

import re

def check_for_illegal_char(input_str):
    # remove illegal characters for Windows file names/paths 
    # (illegal filenames are a superset (41) of the illegal path names (36))
    # this is according to windows blacklist obtained with Powershell
    # from: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1976007/what-characters-are-forbidden-in-windows-and-linux-directory-names/44750843#44750843
    #
    # PS> $enc = [system.Text.Encoding]::UTF8
    # PS> $FileNameInvalidChars = [System.IO.Path]::GetInvalidFileNameChars()
    # PS> $FileNameInvalidChars | foreach { $enc.GetBytes($_) } | Out-File -FilePath InvalidFileCharCodes.txt

    illegal = '\u0022\u003c\u003e\u007c\u0000\u0001\u0002\u0003\u0004\u0005\u0006\u0007\u0008' + \
              '\u0009\u000a\u000b\u000c\u000d\u000e\u000f\u0010\u0011\u0012\u0013\u0014\u0015' + \
              '\u0016\u0017\u0018\u0019\u001a\u001b\u001c\u001d\u001e\u001f\u003a\u002a\u003f\u005c\u002f' 

    output_str, _ = re.subn('['+illegal+']','_', input_str)
    output_str = output_str.replace('\\','_')   # backslash cannot be handled by regex
    output_str = output_str.replace('..','_')   # double dots are illegal too, or at least a bad idea 
    output_str = output_str[:-1] if output_str[-1] == '.' else output_str # can't have end of line '.'

    if output_str != input_str:
        print(f"The name '{input_str}' had invalid characters, "
              f"name was modified to '{output_str}'")

    return output_str

当测试check_for_illegal_char('fas\u0003\u0004good\\..asd.')，我得到:

The name 'fas♥♦good\..asd.' had invalid characters, name was modified to 'fas__good__asd'

为python 3.6修改的答案

import string
import unicodedata

validFilenameChars = "-_.() %s%s" % (string.ascii_letters, string.digits)
def removeDisallowedFilenameChars(filename):
    cleanedFilename = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', filename).encode('ASCII', 'ignore')
    return ''.join(chr(c) for c in cleanedFilename if chr(c) in validFilenameChars)

This whitelist approach (ie, allowing only the chars present in valid_chars) will work if there aren't limits on the formatting of the files or combination of valid chars that are illegal (like ".."), for example, what you say would allow a filename named " . txt" which I think is not valid on Windows. As this is the most simple approach I'd try to remove whitespace from the valid_chars and prepend a known valid string in case of error, any other approach will have to know about what is allowed where to cope with Windows file naming limitations and thus be a lot more complex.

>>> import string
>>> valid_chars = "-_.() %s%s" % (string.ascii_letters, string.digits)
>>> valid_chars
'-_.() abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789'
>>> filename = "This Is a (valid) - filename%$&$ .txt"
>>> ''.join(c for c in filename if c in valid_chars)
'This Is a (valid) - filename .txt'