我需要在许多地方获得用户对象,其中包含许多字段。登录后,我想保存/存储这些用户对象。我们如何实现这种场景?

我不能这样存储它:

SharedPreferences.Editor prefsEditor = myPrefs.edit();
prefsEditor.putString("BusinessUnit", strBusinessUnit);

当前回答

我知道这个帖子有点旧了。 但我还是要把这个贴出来,希望它能帮助到一些人。 通过将对象序列化为String,可以将任何Object的字段存储为共享首选项。 这里我使用GSON存储共享首选项的任何对象。

保存对象到首选项:

public static void saveObjectToSharedPreference(Context context, String preferenceFileName, String serializedObjectKey, Object object) {
    SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(preferenceFileName, 0);
    SharedPreferences.Editor sharedPreferencesEditor = sharedPreferences.edit();
    final Gson gson = new Gson();
    String serializedObject = gson.toJson(object);
    sharedPreferencesEditor.putString(serializedObjectKey, serializedObject);
    sharedPreferencesEditor.apply();
}

从首选项检索对象:

public static <GenericClass> GenericClass getSavedObjectFromPreference(Context context, String preferenceFileName, String preferenceKey, Class<GenericClass> classType) {
    SharedPreferences sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(preferenceFileName, 0);
    if (sharedPreferences.contains(preferenceKey)) {
        final Gson gson = new Gson();
        return gson.fromJson(sharedPreferences.getString(preferenceKey, ""), classType);
    }
    return null;
}

注意:

记得在gradle的dependencies中添加compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.6.2'。

例子:

//assume SampleClass exists
SampleClass mObject = new SampleObject();

//to store an object
saveObjectToSharedPreference(context, "mPreference", "mObjectKey", mObject);

//to retrive object stored in preference
mObject = getSavedObjectFromPreference(context, "mPreference", "mObjectKey", SampleClass.class);

更新:

正如@Sharp_Edge在评论中指出的那样,上述解决方案不适用于List。

稍微修改一下getSavedObjectFromPreference()的签名——从Class<GenericClass> classType到Type classType将使这个解决方案一般化。修改后的函数签名

public static <GenericClass> GenericClass getSavedObjectFromPreference(Context context, String preferenceFileName, String preferenceKey, Type classType)

用于调用,

getSavedObjectFromPreference(context, "mPreference", "mObjectKey", (Type) SampleClass.class)

编码快乐!

其他回答

使用delegate Kotlin,我们可以轻松地从共享首选项中放置和获取数据。

    inline fun <reified T> Context.sharedPrefs(key: String) = object : ReadWriteProperty<Any?, T> {

        val sharedPrefs by lazy { this@sharedPrefs.getSharedPreferences("APP_DATA", Context.MODE_PRIVATE) }
        val gson by lazy { Gson() }
        var newData: T = (T::class.java).newInstance()

        override fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T {
            return getPrefs()
        }

        override fun setValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) {
            this.newData = value
            putPrefs(newData)
        }

        fun putPrefs(value: T?) {
            sharedPrefs.edit {
                when (value) {
                    is Int -> putInt(key, value)
                    is Boolean -> putBoolean(key, value)
                    is String -> putString(key, value)
                    is Long -> putLong(key, value)
                    is Float -> putFloat(key, value)
                    is Parcelable -> putString(key, gson.toJson(value))
                    else          -> throw Throwable("no such type exist to put data")
                }
            }
        }

        fun getPrefs(): T {
            return when (newData) {
                       is Int -> sharedPrefs.getInt(key, 0) as T
                       is Boolean -> sharedPrefs.getBoolean(key, false) as T
                       is String -> sharedPrefs.getString(key, "") as T ?: "" as T
                       is Long -> sharedPrefs.getLong(key, 0L) as T
                       is Float -> sharedPrefs.getFloat(key, 0.0f) as T
                       is Parcelable -> gson.fromJson(sharedPrefs.getString(key, "") ?: "", T::class.java)
                       else          -> throw Throwable("no such type exist to put data")
                   } ?: newData
        }

    }

    //use this delegation in activity and fragment in following way
        var ourData by sharedPrefs<String>("otherDatas")

我的utils类保存列表到SharedPreferences

public class SharedPrefApi {
    private SharedPreferences sharedPreferences;
    private Gson gson;

    public SharedPrefApi(Context context, Gson gson) {
        this.sharedPreferences = context.getSharedPreferences(PREFS_NAME, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
        this.gson = gson;
    } 

    ...

    public <T> void putObject(String key, T value) {
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = sharedPreferences.edit();
        editor.putString(key, gson.toJson(value));
        editor.apply();
    }

    public <T> T getObject(String key, Class<T> clazz) {
        return gson.fromJson(getString(key, null), clazz);
    }
}

使用

// for save
sharedPrefApi.putList(SharedPrefApi.Key.USER_LIST, userList);

// for retrieve
List<User> userList = sharedPrefApi.getList(SharedPrefApi.Key.USER_LIST, User.class);

. 我的utils的完整代码//检查使用实例的活动代码

步骤1:在java文件中复制粘贴这两个函数。

 public void setDefaults(String key, String value, Context context) {
        SharedPreferences preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        SharedPreferences.Editor editor = preferences.edit();
        editor.putString(key, value);
        editor.commit();
    }


    public static String getDefaults(String key, Context context) {
        SharedPreferences preferences = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(context);
        return preferences.getString(key, null);
    }

步骤2: 为了节省使用:

 setDefaults("key","value",this);

检索使用:

String retrieve= getDefaults("key",this);

你可以通过使用不同的键名来设置不同的共享首选项,比如:

setDefaults("key1","xyz",this);

setDefaults("key2","abc",this);

setDefaults("key3","pqr",this);

我已经使用jackson来存储我的对象(jackson)。

添加杰克逊库到gradle:

api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.9.4'
api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.9.4'
api 'com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.9.4'

我的测试类:

public class Car {
    private String color;
    private String type;
    // standard getters setters
}

Java对象转换为JSON:

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
String carAsString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(car);

存储在共享首选项中:

preferences.edit().car().put(carAsString).apply();

从共享首选项中恢复:

ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
Car car = objectMapper.readValue(preferences.car().get(), Car.class);

如果你想存储你从响应中得到的整个对象,它可以通过这样做来实现,

首先,在util类中创建一个将JSON转换为字符串的方法,如下所示。

 public static <T> T fromJson(String jsonString, Class<T> theClass) {
    return new Gson().fromJson(jsonString, theClass);
}

然后在共享偏好类中执行如下操作,

 public void storeLoginResponse(yourResponseClass objName) {

    String loginJSON = UtilClass.toJson(customer);
    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(customerJSON)) {
        editor.putString(AppConst.PREF_CUSTOMER, customerJSON);
        editor.commit();
    }
}

然后为getPreferences创建一个方法

public Customer getCustomerDetails() {
    String customerDetail = pref.getString(AppConst.PREF_CUSTOMER, null);
    if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(customerDetail)) {
        return GSONConverter.fromJson(customerDetail, Customer.class);
    } else {
        return new Customer();
    }
}

然后只是调用第一个方法时,你得到的响应和 其次,当你需要从分享偏好中获取数据时

String token = SharedPrefHelper.get().getCustomerDetails().getAccessToken();

这是所有。

希望对你有所帮助。

快乐的编码();