如何将以下字符串转换为datetime对象?

"Jun 1 2005  1:33PM"

当前回答

我个人喜欢使用解析器模块的解决方案,这是这个问题的第二个答案,非常漂亮,因为您不必构造任何字符串文字就能使其工作。但是,一个缺点是它比strptime的公认答案慢了90%。

from dateutil import parser
from datetime import datetime
import timeit

def dt():
    dt = parser.parse("Jun 1 2005  1:33PM")
def strptime():
    datetime_object = datetime.strptime('Jun 1 2005  1:33PM', '%b %d %Y %I:%M%p')

print(timeit.timeit(stmt=dt, number=10**5))
print(timeit.timeit(stmt=strptime, number=10**5))

输出:

10.702968013429021.3627995655316933

只要你不反复做一百万次,我仍然认为解析器方法更方便,并且可以自动处理大多数时间格式。

其他回答

如果您不想明确指定字符串相对于日期时间格式的格式,可以使用此黑客绕过该步骤:

from dateutil.parser import parse

# Function that'll guess the format and convert it into the python datetime format
def update_event(start_datetime=None, end_datetime=None, description=None):
    if start_datetime is not None:
        new_start_time = parse(start_datetime)

        return new_start_time

# Sample input dates in different formats
d = ['06/07/2021 06:40:23.277000', '06/07/2021 06:40', '06/07/2021']

new = [update_event(i) for i in d]

for date in new:
    print(date)
    # Sample output dates in Python datetime object
    #   2014-04-23 00:00:00
    #   2013-04-24 00:00:00
    #   2014-04-25 00:00:00

如果要将其转换为其他日期时间格式,只需使用您喜欢的格式修改最后一行,例如date.strftime(“%Y/%m/%d%H:%m:%S.%f”):

from dateutil.parser import parse

def update_event(start_datetime=None, end_datetime=None, description=None):
    if start_datetime is not None:
        new_start_time = parse(start_datetime)

        return new_start_time

# Sample input dates in different formats
d = ['06/07/2021 06:40:23.277000', '06/07/2021 06:40', '06/07/2021']

# Passing the dates one by one through the function
new = [update_event(i) for i in d]

for date in new:
    print(date.strftime('%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S.%f'))
    # Sample output dates in required Python datetime object
    #   2021/06/07 06:40:23.277000
    #   2021/06/07 06:40:00.000000
    #   2021/06/07 00:00:00.000000

尝试运行上面的代码段以获得更好的清晰度。

Django时区感知日期时间对象示例。

import datetime
from django.utils.timezone import get_current_timezone
tz = get_current_timezone()

format = '%b %d %Y %I:%M%p'
date_object = datetime.datetime.strptime('Jun 1 2005  1:33PM', format)
date_obj = tz.localize(date_object)

当USE_TZ=True时,这种转换对于Django和Python非常重要:

RuntimeWarning: DateTimeField MyModel.created received a naive datetime (2016-03-04 00:00:00) while time zone support is active.

如果您的字符串是ISO 8601格式,并且您有Python 3.7+,则可以使用以下简单代码:

import datetime

aDate = datetime.date.fromisoformat('2020-10-04')

日期和

import datetime

aDateTime = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat('2020-10-04 22:47:00')

用于包含日期和时间的字符串。如果包含时间戳,函数datetime.datetime.isoformat()支持以下格式:

YYYY-MM-DD[*HH[:MM[:SS[.fff[fff]]]][+HH:MM[:SS[.ffffff]]]]

其中*匹配任何单个字符。另请参见此处和此处。

Use:

emp = pd.read_csv("C:\\py\\programs\\pandas_2\\pandas\\employees.csv")
emp.info()

它显示“开始日期时间”列和“上次登录时间”都是数据帧中的“对象=字符串”:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 1000 entries, 0 to 999
Data columns (total 8 columns):
First Name           933 non-null object
Gender               855 non-null object

    Start Date           1000 non-null object

    Last Login Time      1000 non-null object

Salary               1000 non-null int64
Bonus %              1000 non-null float64
Senior Management    933 non-null object
Team                 957 non-null object
dtypes: float64(1), int64(1), object(6)
memory usage: 62.6+ KB

通过使用read_csv中的parse_dates选项,可以将字符串datetime转换为panda datetime格式。

emp = pd.read_csv("C:\\py\\programs\\pandas_2\\pandas\\employees.csv", parse_dates=["Start Date", "Last Login Time"])
emp.info()

输出:

<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>
RangeIndex: 1000 entries, 0 to 999
Data columns (total 8 columns):
First Name           933 non-null object
Gender               855 non-null object

     Start Date           1000 non-null datetime64[ns]
     Last Login Time      1000 non-null datetime64[ns]

Salary               1000 non-null int64
Bonus %              1000 non-null float64
Senior Management    933 non-null object
Team                 957 non-null object
dtypes: datetime64[ns](2), float64(1), int64(1), object(4)
memory usage: 62.6+ KB

如果您只需要日期格式,则可以通过传递单个字段(如:

>>> import datetime
>>> date = datetime.date(int('2017'),int('12'),int('21'))
>>> date
datetime.date(2017, 12, 21)
>>> type(date)
<type 'datetime.date'>

您可以传递拆分字符串值,将其转换为日期类型,如:

selected_month_rec = '2017-09-01'
date_formate = datetime.date(int(selected_month_rec.split('-')[0]),int(selected_month_rec.split('-')[1]),int(selected_month_rec.split('-')[2]))

您将获得日期格式的结果值。