我使用ActiveRecord Migrations。这个Ruby gem可以在Rails项目之外使用，并且有适配器可以处理您遇到的大多数数据库。我的建议:如果你能够在Postgres上运行你的项目，你就会得到事务性的模式迁移。这意味着如果迁移只应用了一半，您不会最终得到一个损坏的数据库。

Sadly, I've seen more than one team developing PL/SQL programs (stored procedures in Oracle) - sometimes ten thousands LOC - just by editing the code in TOAD (a database tool), without even saving the source to files (except for deployment). Even if the database is backuped regulary (wouldn't take that for granted, though), the only way to retrieve an old version of a stored procedure is to restore the whole database, which is many GB large. And of course sometimes concurrent changes in one file lead to loss of work, when more than one developer works on the same project.

是的，我认为版本化你的数据库是很重要的。当然不是数据，而是模式。

在Ruby On Rails中，这是由框架通过“迁移”来处理的。任何时候修改db，都需要编写一个脚本来应用更改并将其检入源代码控制。

我的团队非常喜欢这个想法，所以我们使用shell脚本和Ant将该功能添加到基于java的构建中。我们将该过程集成到部署例程中。在其他不支持DB版本开箱即用的框架中编写脚本来完成同样的事情是相当容易的。

是的,总是这样。您应该能够在需要时使用一组有用的示例数据重新创建生产数据库结构。如果你不这样做，随着时间的推移，保持运行的小改变会被遗忘，然后有一天你会被咬，严重的。这是一种保险，你可能认为你不需要，但当你这样做的那一天，它的价格是它的10倍!

Your project team can have a DBA to whom every developer would forward their create alter, delete, insert/update (for master data) sql statements. DBAs would run those queries and on successfully making the required update would add those statements to a text file or a spreadsheet. Each addition can be labeled as a savepoint. Incase you revert back to a particular savepoint, just do a drop all and run the queries uptil the labelled savepoint. This approach is just a thought... a bit of fine tuning here would work for your development environment.

My team versions our database schema as C# classes with the rest of our code. We have a homegrown C# program (<500 lines of code) that reflects the classes and creates SQL commands to build, drop and update the database. After creating the database we run sqlmetal to generate a linq mapping, which is then compiled in another project that is used to generate test data. The whole things works really well because data access is checked at compile time. We like it because the schema is stored in a .cs file which is easy to track compare in trac/svn.