我正在做一些SQL选择查询,并希望将我的UTC日期时间列转换为本地时间,以便在我的查询结果中显示为本地时间。注意,我不希望通过代码进行这种转换,而是当我对我的数据库进行手动和随机SQL查询时。


当前回答

我没有发现任何这些示例有助于将日期时间存储为UTC到指定时区(不是服务器的时区,因为Azure SQL数据库以UTC运行)中的日期时间。我是这样处理的。它并不优雅,但它很简单,无需维护其他表就能给出正确答案:

select CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(dateTimeField, DATEPART(TZOFFSET, 
dateTimeField AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time')))

其他回答

我发现当有大量数据时,一次性函数的方法太慢了。因此,我通过连接到一个允许计算小时差的表函数来实现它,它基本上是带有小时偏移量的datetime分段。一年是4行。这个表格函数

dbo.fn_getTimeZoneOffsets('3/1/2007 7:00am', '11/5/2007 9:00am', 'EPT')

将返回这个表:

startTime          endTime   offset  isHr2
3/1/07 7:00     3/11/07 6:59    -5    0
3/11/07 7:00    11/4/07 6:59    -4    0
11/4/07 7:00    11/4/07 7:59    -5    1
11/4/07 8:00    11/5/07 9:00    -5    0

它确实考虑了夏时制。下面是它如何使用的示例,完整的博客文章在这里。

select mt.startTime as startUTC, 
    dateadd(hh, tzStart.offset, mt.startTime) as startLocal, 
    tzStart.isHr2
from MyTable mt 
inner join dbo.fn_getTimeZoneOffsets(@startViewUTC, @endViewUTC, @timeZone)  tzStart
on mt.startTime between tzStart.startTime and tzStart.endTime

您必须重新格式化字符串以及转换为正确的时间。在这种情况下,我需要祖鲁时间。

Declare @Date datetime;
Declare @DateString varchar(50);
set @Date = GETDATE(); 
declare @ZuluTime datetime;

Declare @DateFrom varchar (50);
Declare @DateTo varchar (50);
set @ZuluTime = DATEADD(second, DATEDIFF(second, GETDATE(), GETUTCDATE()), @Date);
set @DateString =  FORMAT(@ZuluTime, 'yyyy-MM-ddThh:mm:ssZ', 'en-US' )  
select @DateString;

我没有发现任何这些示例有助于将日期时间存储为UTC到指定时区(不是服务器的时区,因为Azure SQL数据库以UTC运行)中的日期时间。我是这样处理的。它并不优雅,但它很简单,无需维护其他表就能给出正确答案:

select CONVERT(datetime, SWITCHOFFSET(dateTimeField, DATEPART(TZOFFSET, 
dateTimeField AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time')))

对于任何仍然试图解决这个问题的人,这里有一个在SQL Server 2017中工作的概念证明

 declare
    @StartDate date = '2020-01-01'

;with cte_utc as
(
    select 
         1 as i
        ,CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate) AS UTC
        ,datepart(weekday, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as Weekday
        ,datepart(month, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as [Month]
        ,datepart(YEAR, CONVERT(datetime, @StartDate)) as [Year]
        
    union all

    Select
         i + 1
        ,dateadd(d, 1, utc)
        ,datepart(weekday, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as Weekday
        ,datepart(month, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as [Month]
        ,datepart(YEAR, CONVERT(datetime, dateadd(d, 1, utc))) as [Year]
    from    
        cte_utc
    where
        (i + 1) < 32767

), cte_utc_dates as 
(
    select 
        *,
        DENSE_RANK()OVER(PARTITION BY [Year], [Month], [Weekday] ORDER BY Utc) WeekDayIndex
    from
        cte_utc

), cte_hours as (
    select 0 as [Hour]
    union all
    select [Hour] + 1 from cte_hours where [Hour] < 23
)

select
    d.*
    , DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AS UtcTime
    ,CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Central Standard Time') CST
    ,CONVERT(datetime, DATEADD(hour, h.Hour, d.UTC) AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE 'Eastern Standard Time') EST
from
    cte_utc_dates d, cte_hours h
where
    ([Month] = 3 and [Weekday] = 1 and WeekDayIndex = 2 )-- dst start
    or 
    ([Month] = 11 and [Weekday] = 1 and WeekDayIndex = 1 )-- dst end
order by
    utc
OPTION (MAXRECURSION 32767)

GO

我发现这个函数比使用单独的表或循环的其他解决方案更快。这只是一个基本的case语句。考虑到4月到10月之间的所有月份都有-4小时的偏移(东部时间),我们只需要为边缘日添加更多的案例线。否则,偏移量为-5小时。

这是特定于从UTC到东部时间的转换,但可以根据需要添加其他时区功能。

USE [YourDatabaseName]
GO

/****** Object:  UserDefinedFunction [dbo].[ConvertUTCtoEastern]    Script Date: 11/2/2016 5:21:52 PM ******/
SET ANSI_NULLS ON
GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO


CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[ConvertUTCtoEastern]
(
@dtStartDate DATETIME
)
RETURNS DATETIME
AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @Working DATETIME
DECLARE @Returned DATETIME

SET @Working = @dtStartDate
SET @Working = 
case when month(@Working) between 4 and 10 then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2017-03-12' and '2017-11-05' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2016-03-13' and '2016-11-06' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2015-03-08' and '2015-11-01' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2014-03-09' and '2014-11-02' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2013-03-10' and '2013-11-03' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
     when @Working between '2012-03-11' and '2012-11-04' then dateadd(HH,-4,@Working) 
else dateadd(HH,-5,@Working) end

SET @Returned = @Working

RETURN @Returned

END


GO