我正在做一些SQL选择查询,并希望将我的UTC日期时间列转换为本地时间,以便在我的查询结果中显示为本地时间。注意,我不希望通过代码进行这种转换,而是当我对我的数据库进行手动和随机SQL查询时。


当前回答

 declare @mydate2 datetime
 set @mydate2=Getdate()
 select @mydate2 as mydate,
 dateadd(minute, datediff(minute,getdate(),@mydate2),getutcdate())

其他回答

这可以在没有函数的情况下完成。下面的代码将把UTC时间转换为考虑夏令时的山地时间。相应地调整所有的-6和-7数字到您的时区(即对于EST,您将分别调整为-4和-5)

--Adjust a UTC value, in the example the UTC field is identified as UTC.Field, to account for daylight savings time when converting out of UTC to Mountain time.
CASE
    --When it's between March and November, it is summer time which is -6 from UTC
    WHEN MONTH ( UTC.Field ) > 3 AND MONTH ( UTC.Field ) < 11 
        THEN DATEADD ( HOUR , -6 , UTC.Field )
    --When its March and the day is greater than the 14, you know it's summer (-6)
    WHEN MONTH ( UTC.Field ) = 3
        AND DATEPART ( DAY , UTC.Field ) >= 14 
        THEN
            --However, if UTC is before 9am on that Sunday, then it's before 2am Mountain which means it's still Winter daylight time.
            CASE 
                WHEN DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) = 1 
                    AND UTC.Field < '9:00'
                    --Before 2am mountain time so it's winter, -7 hours for Winter daylight time
                    THEN DATEADD ( HOUR , -7 , UTC.Field )
                --Otherwise -6 because it'll be after 2am making it Summer daylight time
                ELSE DATEADD ( HOUR , -6 , UTC.Field )
            END
    WHEN MONTH ( UTC.Field ) = 3
        AND ( DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) + 7 ) <= DATEPART ( day , UTC.Field ) 
        THEN 
            --According to the date, it's moved onto Summer daylight, but we need to account for the hours leading up to 2am if it's Sunday
            CASE 
                WHEN DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) = 1 
                    AND UTC.Field < '9:00'
                    --Before 9am UTC is before 2am Mountain so it's winter Daylight, -7 hours
                    THEN DATEADD ( HOUR , -7 , UTC.Field )
                --Otherwise, it's summer daylight, -6 hours
                ELSE DATEADD ( HOUR , -6 , UTC.Field )
            END
    --When it's November and the weekday is greater than the calendar date, it's still Summer so -6 from the time
    WHEN MONTH ( UTC.Field ) = 11
        AND DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) > DATEPART ( DAY , UTC.Field ) 
        THEN DATEADD ( HOUR , -6 , UTC.Field )
    WHEN MONTH ( UTC.Field ) = 11
        AND DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) <= DATEPART ( DAY , UTC.Field ) 
            --If the weekday is less than or equal to the calendar day it's Winter daylight but we need to account for the hours leading up to 2am.
            CASE 
                WHEN DATEPART ( WEEKDAY , UTC.Field ) = 1 
                    AND UTC.Field < '8:00'
                    --If it's before 8am UTC and it's Sunday in the logic outlined, then it's still Summer daylight, -6 hours
                    THEN DATEADD ( HOUR , -6 , UTC.Field )
                --Otherwise, adjust for Winter daylight at -7
                ELSE DATEADD ( HOUR , -7 , UTC.Field )
            END
    --If the date doesn't fall into any of the above logic, it's Winter daylight, -7
    ELSE
        DATEADD ( HOUR , -7 , UTC.Field )
END

你可以在SQL Server 2008或更高版本上这样做:

SELECT CONVERT(datetime, 
               SWITCHOFFSET(CONVERT(datetimeoffset, 
                                    MyTable.UtcColumn), 
                            DATENAME(TzOffset, SYSDATETIMEOFFSET()))) 
       AS ColumnInLocalTime
FROM MyTable

你也可以用更简洁的方法:

SELECT DATEADD(mi, DATEDIFF(mi, GETUTCDATE(), GETDATE()), MyTable.UtcColumn) 
       AS ColumnInLocalTime
FROM MyTable

无论您做什么,都不要使用-来减去日期,因为该操作不是原子的,并且由于在不同时间(即非原子地)检查的系统datetime和本地datetime之间的竞争条件,您有时会得到不确定的结果。

请注意,这个答案没有考虑夏令时。如果你想包含夏令时调整,也请参阅以下SO问题:

如何在SQL Server中创建夏令时开始和结束函数

如果你需要一个转换而不是你的服务器位置,这里有一个函数,允许你传递一个标准偏移量,并考虑美国夏令时:

-- =============================================
-- Author:      Ron Smith
-- Create date: 2013-10-23
-- Description: Converts UTC to DST
--              based on passed Standard offset
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[fn_UTC_to_DST]
(
    @UTC datetime,
    @StandardOffset int
)
RETURNS datetime
AS
BEGIN

    declare 
        @DST datetime,
        @SSM datetime, -- Second Sunday in March
        @FSN datetime  -- First Sunday in November

    -- get DST Range
    set @SSM = datename(year,@UTC) + '0314' 
    set @SSM = dateadd(hour,2,dateadd(day,datepart(dw,@SSM)*-1+1,@SSM))
    set @FSN = datename(year,@UTC) + '1107'
    set @FSN = dateadd(second,-1,dateadd(hour,2,dateadd(day,datepart(dw,@FSN)*-1+1,@FSN)))

    -- add an hour to @StandardOffset if @UTC is in DST range
    if @UTC between @SSM and @FSN
        set @StandardOffset = @StandardOffset + 1

    -- convert to DST
    set @DST = dateadd(hour,@StandardOffset,@UTC)

    -- return converted datetime
    return @DST

END

GO

对于Azure SQL和@@Version >= SQL Server 2016用户,下面是一个使用AT TIME ZONE的简单函数。

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[Global_Convert_UTCTimeTo_LocalTime]
(
   @LocalTimeZone        VARCHAR(50),
   @UTCDateTime          DATETIME
)
RETURNS DATETIME
AS
BEGIN
   DECLARE @ConvertedDateTime DATETIME;

   SELECT @ConvertedDateTime = @UTCDateTime AT TIME ZONE 'UTC' AT TIME ZONE @LocalTimeZone
   RETURN @ConvertedDateTime

END
GO

对于@LocalTimeZone可以采用的值类型,请转到此链接或转到KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Time Zones

下面的版本考虑了夏令时、UTC抵消,并且没有锁定到特定的年份。

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--Name:     udfToLocalTime.sql
--Purpose:  To convert UTC to local US time accounting for DST
--Author:   Patrick Slesicki
--Date:     3/25/2014
--Notes:    Works on SQL Server 2008R2 and later, maybe SQL Server 2008 as well.
--          Good only for US States observing the Energy Policy Act of 2005.
--          Function doesn't apply for years prior to 2007.
--          Function assumes that the 1st day of the week is Sunday.
--Tests:        
--          SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-03-09 9:00', DEFAULT)
--          SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-03-09 10:00', DEFAULT)
--          SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-11-02 8:00', DEFAULT)
--          SELECT dbo.udfToLocalTime('2014-11-02 9:00', DEFAULT)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ALTER FUNCTION udfToLocalTime
    (
    @UtcDateTime    AS DATETIME
    ,@UtcOffset     AS INT = -8 --PST
    )
RETURNS DATETIME
AS 
BEGIN
    DECLARE 
        @PstDateTime    AS DATETIME
        ,@Year          AS CHAR(4)
        ,@DstStart      AS DATETIME
        ,@DstEnd        AS DATETIME
        ,@Mar1          AS DATETIME
        ,@Nov1          AS DATETIME
        ,@MarTime       AS TIME
        ,@NovTime       AS TIME
        ,@Mar1Day       AS INT
        ,@Nov1Day       AS INT
        ,@MarDiff       AS INT
        ,@NovDiff       AS INT

    SELECT
        @Year       = YEAR(@UtcDateTime)
        ,@MarTime   = CONVERT(TIME, DATEADD(HOUR, -@UtcOffset, '1900-01-01 02:00'))
        ,@NovTime   = CONVERT(TIME, DATEADD(HOUR, -@UtcOffset - 1, '1900-01-01 02:00'))
        ,@Mar1      = CONVERT(CHAR(16), @Year + '-03-01 ' + CONVERT(CHAR(5), @MarTime), 126)
        ,@Nov1      = CONVERT(CHAR(16), @Year + '-11-01 ' + CONVERT(CHAR(5), @NovTime), 126)
        ,@Mar1Day   = DATEPART(WEEKDAY, @Mar1)
        ,@Nov1Day   = DATEPART(WEEKDAY, @Nov1)

    --Get number of days between Mar 1 and DST start date
    IF @Mar1Day = 1 SET @MarDiff = 7
    ELSE SET @MarDiff = 15 - @Mar1Day

    --Get number of days between Nov 1 and DST end date
    IF @Nov1Day = 1 SET @NovDiff = 0
    ELSE SET @NovDiff = 8 - @Nov1Day

    --Get DST start and end dates
    SELECT 
        @DstStart   = DATEADD(DAY, @MarDiff, @Mar1)
        ,@DstEnd    = DATEADD(DAY, @NovDiff, @Nov1)

    --Change UTC offset if @UtcDateTime is in DST Range
    IF @UtcDateTime >= @DstStart AND @UtcDateTime < @DstEnd SET @UtcOffset = @UtcOffset + 1

    --Get Conversion
    SET @PstDateTime = DATEADD(HOUR, @UtcOffset, @UtcDateTime)
    RETURN @PstDateTime
END
GO