我将参加这个比特拨弄比赛，因为我有一个同样使用比特拨弄来解码十六进制的答案。请注意，使用字符数组可能会更快，因为调用StringBuilder方法也需要时间。

public static String ToHex (byte[] data)
{
    int dataLength = data.Length;
    // pre-create the stringbuilder using the length of the data * 2, precisely enough
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder (dataLength * 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < dataLength; i++) {
        int b = data [i];

        // check using calculation over bits to see if first tuple is a letter
        // isLetter is zero if it is a digit, 1 if it is a letter
        int isLetter = (b >> 7) & ((b >> 6) | (b >> 5)) & 1;

        // calculate the code using a multiplication to make up the difference between
        // a digit character and an alphanumerical character
        int code = '0' + ((b >> 4) & 0xF) + isLetter * ('A' - '9' - 1);
        // now append the result, after casting the code point to a character
        sb.Append ((Char)code);

        // do the same with the lower (less significant) tuple
        isLetter = (b >> 3) & ((b >> 2) | (b >> 1)) & 1;
        code = '0' + (b & 0xF) + isLetter * ('A' - '9' - 1);
        sb.Append ((Char)code);
    }
    return sb.ToString ();
}

public static byte[] FromHex (String hex)
{

    // pre-create the array
    int resultLength = hex.Length / 2;
    byte[] result = new byte[resultLength];
    // set validity = 0 (0 = valid, anything else is not valid)
    int validity = 0;
    int c, isLetter, value, validDigitStruct, validDigit, validLetterStruct, validLetter;
    for (int i = 0, hexOffset = 0; i < resultLength; i++, hexOffset += 2) {
        c = hex [hexOffset];

        // check using calculation over bits to see if first char is a letter
        // isLetter is zero if it is a digit, 1 if it is a letter (upper & lowercase)
        isLetter = (c >> 6) & 1;

        // calculate the tuple value using a multiplication to make up the difference between
        // a digit character and an alphanumerical character
        // minus 1 for the fact that the letters are not zero based
        value = ((c & 0xF) + isLetter * (-1 + 10)) << 4;

        // check validity of all the other bits
        validity |= c >> 7; // changed to >>, maybe not OK, use UInt?

        validDigitStruct = (c & 0x30) ^ 0x30;
        validDigit = ((c & 0x8) >> 3) * (c & 0x6);
        validity |= (isLetter ^ 1) * (validDigitStruct | validDigit);

        validLetterStruct = c & 0x18;
        validLetter = (((c - 1) & 0x4) >> 2) * ((c - 1) & 0x2);
        validity |= isLetter * (validLetterStruct | validLetter);

        // do the same with the lower (less significant) tuple
        c = hex [hexOffset + 1];
        isLetter = (c >> 6) & 1;
        value ^= (c & 0xF) + isLetter * (-1 + 10);
        result [i] = (byte)value;

        // check validity of all the other bits
        validity |= c >> 7; // changed to >>, maybe not OK, use UInt?

        validDigitStruct = (c & 0x30) ^ 0x30;
        validDigit = ((c & 0x8) >> 3) * (c & 0x6);
        validity |= (isLetter ^ 1) * (validDigitStruct | validDigit);

        validLetterStruct = c & 0x18;
        validLetter = (((c - 1) & 0x4) >> 2) * ((c - 1) & 0x2);
        validity |= isLetter * (validLetterStruct | validLetter);
    }

    if (validity != 0) {
        throw new ArgumentException ("Hexadecimal encoding incorrect for input " + hex);
    }

    return result;
}

从Java代码转换而来。

未针对速度进行优化，但比大多数答案（.NET 4.0）更LINQy：

<Extension()>
Public Function FromHexToByteArray(hex As String) As Byte()
    hex = If(hex, String.Empty)
    If hex.Length Mod 2 = 1 Then hex = "0" & hex
    Return Enumerable.Range(0, hex.Length \ 2).Select(Function(i) Convert.ToByte(hex.Substring(i * 2, 2), 16)).ToArray
End Function

<Extension()>
Public Function ToHexString(bytes As IEnumerable(Of Byte)) As String
    Return String.Concat(bytes.Select(Function(b) b.ToString("X2")))
End Function

有一个名为SoapHexBinary的类，它完全符合您的需要。

using System.Runtime.Remoting.Metadata.W3cXsd2001;

public static byte[] GetStringToBytes(string value)
{
    SoapHexBinary shb = SoapHexBinary.Parse(value);
    return shb.Value;
}

public static string GetBytesToString(byte[] value)
{
    SoapHexBinary shb = new SoapHexBinary(value);
    return shb.ToString();
}

可以使用从.NET 5开始的Convert.ToHexString。还有一个用于反向操作的方法：Convert.FromHexString。

对于较旧版本的.NET，您可以使用：

public static string ByteArrayToString(byte[] ba)
{
  StringBuilder hex = new StringBuilder(ba.Length * 2);
  foreach (byte b in ba)
    hex.AppendFormat("{0:x2}", b);
  return hex.ToString();
}

or:

public static string ByteArrayToString(byte[] ba)
{
  return BitConverter.ToString(ba).Replace("-","");
}

举个例子，这里有更多的方法。

反向转换如下：

public static byte[] StringToByteArray(String hex)
{
  int NumberChars = hex.Length;
  byte[] bytes = new byte[NumberChars / 2];
  for (int i = 0; i < NumberChars; i += 2)
    bytes[i / 2] = Convert.ToByte(hex.Substring(i, 2), 16);
  return bytes;
}

使用Substring是与Convert.ToByte结合使用的最佳选项。有关详细信息，请参阅此答案。如果需要更好的性能，必须避免Convert.ToByte，然后才能删除SubString。

从.NET 5 RC2开始，您可以使用：

Convert.ToHexString（byte[]inArray），返回字符串和Convert.FromHexString（字符串s），返回字节[]。

可以使用跨度参数的重载。

此版本的ByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation可能更快。

从我的报告中：

ByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation3:1.68次平均滴答声（超过1000次），17,5XByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation2:1,73平均滴答（超过1000次），16,9XByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation:2,90平均刻度（超过1000次），10,1XByteArrayToHexViaLookupAndShift:3.22平均刻度（超过1000次），9,1X...静态专用只读字符[]hexAlphabet=新字符[]{'0'，'1'，'2'，'3'，'4'，'5'，'6'，'7'，'8'，'9'，'A'，'B'，'C'，'D'，'E'，'F'}；静态字符串ByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation3（byte[]字节）{char[]c=新字符[bytes.Length*2]；字节b；for（int i=0；i<bytes.Length；i++）{b=（（字节）（字节[i]>>4））；c[i*2]=十六进制字母[b]；b=（（字节）（字节[i]&0xF））；c[i*2+1]=十六进制字母[b]；}返回新字符串（c）；}

我认为这是一个优化：

    static private readonly char[] hexAlphabet = new char[]
        {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','A','B','C','D','E','F'};
    static string ByteArrayToHexViaByteManipulation4(byte[] bytes)
    {
        char[] c = new char[bytes.Length * 2];
        for (int i = 0, ptr = 0; i < bytes.Length; i++, ptr += 2)
        {
            byte b = bytes[i];
            c[ptr] = hexAlphabet[b >> 4];
            c[ptr + 1] = hexAlphabet[b & 0xF];
        }
        return new string(c);
    }