据我所知，web worker需要写在一个单独的JavaScript文件中，并像这样调用:
new Worker('longrunning.js')
我正在使用闭包编译器来合并和缩小我所有的JavaScript源代码，我不希望将我的worker放在单独的文件中进行分发。有什么办法可以做到吗?
new Worker(function() {
//Long-running work here
});
既然一级函数对JavaScript如此重要，为什么标准的后台工作方式必须从web服务器加载整个其他JavaScript文件呢?
当前回答
我使用这样的代码，你可以将onmessage定义为一个函数而不是纯文本，这样编辑器就可以突出显示你的代码和jshint工作。
const worker = createWorker(); createWorker() { const scriptContent = getWorkerScript(); const blob = new Blob([ scriptContent, ], { type: "text/javascipt" }); const worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob)); return worker; } getWorkerScript() { const script = { onmessage: function (e) { console.log(e); let result = "Hello " + e.data postMessage(result); } }; let content = ""; for (let prop in script){ content += `${prop}=${script[prop].toString()}`; } return content; }
其他回答
对于Node.js实现，可以使用以下对Trincot答案的改编。再次注意，Function.prototype.callAsWorker()接受一个thisArg和参数，就像Function.prototype.call()一样，并返回一个承诺。
const { Worker } = require ( 'worker_threads' );
Function.prototype.callAsWorker = function ( ...args ) {
return new Promise( ( resolve, reject ) => {
const code = `
const { parentPort, workerData } = require ( 'worker_threads' );
parentPort.postMessage( ( ${this.toString()} ).call( ...workerData ) )
`;
const worker = new Worker( code, { eval: true, workerData: args } );
worker.on('message', ( msg ) => { resolve( msg ), worker.terminate() } );
worker.on('error', ( err ) => { reject( err ), worker.terminate() } );
worker.on('exit', ( code ) => {
if ( code !== 0 ) {
reject( new Error( `Worker stopped with exit code ${code}.` ) );
}
});
});
}
// Demo
function add( ...nums ) {
return nums.reduce( ( a, b ) => a + b );
}
// Let the worker execute the above function, with the specified arguments
let result = await add.callAsWorker( null, 1, 2, 3 );
console.log( 'result: ', result );
使用Blob方法，对于工人工厂来说是这样的:
var BuildWorker = function(foo){
var str = foo.toString()
.match(/^\s*function\s*\(\s*\)\s*\{(([\s\S](?!\}$))*[\s\S])/)[1];
return new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(
new Blob([str],{type:'text/javascript'})));
}
所以你可以这样使用它…
var myWorker = BuildWorker(function(){
//first line of worker
self.onmessage(){....};
//last line of worker
});
编辑:
我只是进一步扩展了这个想法，以便更容易地进行跨线程通信:bridge -worker.js。
编辑2:
上面的链接是我创建的一个要点。后来又有人把它变成了真正的回购。
https://developer.mozilla.org/es/docs/Web/Guide/Performance/Using_web_workers
// Syntax: asyncEval(code[, listener])
var asyncEval = (function () {
var aListeners = [], oParser = new Worker("data:text/javascript;charset=US-ASCII,onmessage%20%3D%20function%20%28oEvent%29%20%7B%0A%09postMessage%28%7B%0A%09%09%22id%22%3A%20oEvent.data.id%2C%0A%09%09%22evaluated%22%3A%20eval%28oEvent.data.code%29%0A%09%7D%29%3B%0A%7D");
oParser.onmessage = function (oEvent) {
if (aListeners[oEvent.data.id]) { aListeners[oEvent.data.id](oEvent.data.evaluated); }
delete aListeners[oEvent.data.id];
};
return function (sCode, fListener) {
aListeners.push(fListener || null);
oParser.postMessage({
"id": aListeners.length - 1,
"code": sCode
});
};
})();
另一个解决方案是将Worker包装在一个函数中，然后创建一个调用函数的blob，如下所示:
function workerCode() {
self.onmessage = function (e) {
console.log("Got message from parent", e.data);
};
setTimeout(() => {
self.postMessage("Message From Worker");
}, 2000);
}
let blob = new Blob([
"(" + workerCode.toString() + ")()"
], {type: "text/javascript"});
// Note: window.webkitURL.createObjectURL() in Chrome 10+.
let worker = new Worker(window.URL.createObjectURL(blob));
worker.onmessage = function (e) {
console.log("Received: " + e.data);
};
worker.postMessage("hello"); // Start the worker.
看一下vkThread插件。使用htis插件，你可以在主代码中获取任何函数，并在线程(web worker)中执行它。所以，你不需要创建一个特殊的“web-worker文件”。
http://www.eslinstructor.net/vkthread/
——瓦迪姆
