如何在SQL Server 2005+中获得所有索引和索引列的列表?我能想到的最接近的是:
select s.name, t.name, i.name, c.name from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where i.index_id > 0
and i.type in (1, 2) -- clustered & nonclustered only
and i.is_primary_key = 0 -- do not include PK indexes
and i.is_unique_constraint = 0 -- do not include UQ
and i.is_disabled = 0
and i.is_hypothetical = 0
and ic.key_ordinal > 0
order by ic.key_ordinal
这可不是我想要的。
我想要的是，列出所有用户定义的索引，(这意味着不支持唯一约束和主键的索引)与所有列(按它们在索引定义中的出现方式排序)以及尽可能多的元数据。
根据公认的答案和另外两个问题1,2，我整理了以下问题:
SELECT
QUOTENAME(t.name) AS TableName,
QUOTENAME(i.name) AS IndexName,
i.is_primary_key,
i.is_unique,
i.is_unique_constraint,
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) + CASE WHEN ic.is_descending_key = 1 THEN ' DESC' ELSE '' END AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 0
ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') AS KeyColumns,
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 1
ORDER BY ic.index_column_id
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') AS IncludedColumns,
u.user_seeks,
u.user_scans,
u.user_lookups,
u.user_updates
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS u ON i.object_id = u.object_id AND i.index_id = u.index_id
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.type <> 0
该查询返回如下所示的结果，其中显示了索引的列表、它们的列和用法。非常有助于确定哪个指数比其他指数表现更好:
这是我的，工作在一个默认模式，但它可以很容易地改进
它提供了3列SQLQueries -创建/删除/重建(没有重组)
查询:
SELECT
'CREATE ' +
CASE WHEN is_primary_key=1 THEN 'CLUSTERED'
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=0 THEN 'NONCLUSTERED'
WHEN is_primary_key=0 and is_unique_constraint=1 THEN 'UNIQUE' END
+ ' INDEX ' +
QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' +
QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' ( ' +
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) + CASE WHEN ic.is_descending_key = 1 THEN ' DESC' ELSE '' END AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 0
ORDER BY ic.key_ordinal
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) ' -- keycols
+ COALESCE(' INCLUDE ( ' +
STUFF(REPLACE(REPLACE((
SELECT QUOTENAME(c.name) AS [data()]
FROM sys.index_columns AS ic
INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c ON ic.object_id = c.object_id AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
WHERE ic.object_id = i.object_id AND ic.index_id = i.index_id AND ic.is_included_column = 1
ORDER BY ic.index_column_id
FOR XML PATH
), '<row>', ', '), '</row>', ''), 1, 2, '') + ' ) ', -- included cols
'') as [Create],
'DROP INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' + QUOTENAME(t.name) as [Drop],
'ALTER INDEX ' + QUOTENAME(i.name) + ' ON ' +QUOTENAME(t.name) + ' REBUILD ' as [Rebuild]
FROM sys.tables AS t
INNER JOIN sys.indexes AS i ON t.object_id = i.object_id
LEFT JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats AS u ON i.object_id = u.object_id AND i.index_id = u.index_id
WHERE t.is_ms_shipped = 0
AND i.type <> 0
order by QUOTENAME(t.name), is_primary_key desc
输出
Create Drop Rebuild
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE CLUSTERED INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_ID] ) DROP INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] ALTER INDEX [PK_Table1] ON [Table1] REBUILD
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ( [Tab1_Name] ) DROP INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] ALTER INDEX [IX_Table1_Name] ON [Table1] REBUILD
CREATE NONCLUSTERED INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] ( [Tab2_Name], [Tab2_City] ) INCLUDE ( [Tab2_PhoneNo] ) DROP INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] ALTER INDEX [IX_Table2] ON [Table2] REBUILD
首先，请注意，以上所有查询都可能遗漏或错误地合并索引的INCLUDE列。在某些情况下，还缺少列的正确排序和/或ASC/DESC选项。
由jona修改了上述查询。顺便说一句，在我使用的许多数据库中，我都安装了自己的CLR CONCATENATE聚合函数，因此下面的代码依赖于存在这样的东西。上面的SQL语句简化为更易于维护:
SELECT
s.[name] AS [schema_name]
, t.[name] AS [table_name]
, i.[name] AS [index_name]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[key_ordinal] > 0 AND ic.[is_descending_key] = 1 THEN c.[name] + ' DESC' WHEN key_ordinal > 0 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [columns]
, dbo.Concatenate(CASE WHEN ic.[is_included_column] = 1 THEN c.[name] ELSE NULL END,',',1) AS [includes]
FROM
sys.tables t
INNER JOIN
sys.schemas s ON t.[schema_id] = s.[schema_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.indexes i ON i.[object_id] = t.[object_id]
INNER JOIN
sys.index_columns ic ON ic.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
INNER JOIN
sys.columns c ON c.[object_id] = t.[object_id] AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
GROUP BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
ORDER BY
s.[name]
, t.[name]
, i.[name]
如果您的环境允许将基于clr的函数添加到其中，那么就会有许多级联聚合。
with connect(schema_name,table_name,index_name,index_column_id,column_name) as
( select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, index_column_id, cast(c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id
where index_column_id=1
union all
select s.name schema_name, t.name table_name, i.name index_name, ic.index_column_id, cast(connect.column_name + ',' + c.name as varchar(max)) column_name
from sys.tables t
inner join sys.schemas s on t.schema_id = s.schema_id
inner join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id
inner join sys.index_columns ic on ic.object_id = t.object_id and ic.index_id=i.index_id
inner join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and
ic.column_id = c.column_id join connect on
connect.index_column_id+1 = ic.index_column_id
and connect.schema_name = s.name
and connect.table_name = t.name
and connect.index_name = i.name)
select connect.schema_name,connect.table_name,connect.index_name,connect.column_name
from connect join (select schema_name,table_name,index_name,MAX(index_column_id) index_column_id
from connect group by schema_name,table_name,index_name) mx
on connect.schema_name = mx.schema_name
and connect.table_name = mx.table_name
and connect.index_name = mx.index_name
and connect.index_column_id = mx.index_column_id
order by 1,2,3
SQL Server 2014工作解决方案。我在这里只包含了少量的输出字段，但您可以随意添加任何您喜欢的字段。
SELECT
o.object_id AS objectId
,o.name AS objectName
,i.index_id AS indexId
,i.name AS indexName
,i.type_desc AS typeDesc
,ic.index_column_id AS indexColumnId
,ic.key_ordinal AS keyOrdinal
,ic.is_included_column AS isIncludedColumn
,ic.column_id AS columnId
,c.name AS columnName
FROM {database}.sys.objects AS o
INNER JOIN {database}.sys.columns AS c ON
c.object_id = o.object_id
AND o.type = 'U'
INNER JOIN {database}.sys.indexes AS i ON
i.object_id = o.object_id
INNER JOIN {database}.sys.index_columns AS ic ON
ic.object_id = i.object_id
AND ic.index_id = i.index_id
AND ic.column_id = c.column_id
ORDER BY
o.object_id
,i.index_id
,ic.index_column_id
使用SQL Server 2016，这给出了所有索引的完整列表，并包含每个表的转储，以便您可以查看表之间的关系。它还显示包含在覆盖索引中的列:
select t.name TableName, i.name IdxName, c.name ColName
, ic.index_column_id ColPosition
, i.type_desc Type
, case when i.is_primary_key = 1 then 'Yes' else '' end [Primary?]
, case when i.is_unique = 1 then 'Yes' else '' end [Unique?]
, case when ic.is_included_column = 0 then '' else 'Yes - Included' end [CoveredColumn?]
, 'indexes >>>>' [*indexes*], i.*, 'index_columns >>>>' [*index_columns*]
, ic.*, 'tables >>>>' [*tables*]
, t.*, 'columns >>>>' [*columns*], c.*
from sys.index_columns ic
join sys.tables t on t.object_id = ic.object_id
join sys.columns c on c.object_id = t.object_id and c.column_id = ic.column_id
join sys.indexes i on i.object_id = t.object_id and i.index_id = ic.index_id
order by TableName, IdxName, ColPosition
