注意:本文摘自f# Basics，这是一篇非常好的介绍性文章，供。net开发人员学习函数式编程。

Currying means breaking a function with many arguments into a series of functions that each take one argument and ultimately produce the same result as the original function. Currying is probably the most challenging topic for developers new to functional programming, particularly because it is often confused with partial application. You can see both at work in this example: let multiply x y = x * y let double = multiply 2 let ten = double 5 Right away, you should see behavior that is different from most imperative languages. The second statement creates a new function called double by passing one argument to a function that takes two. The result is a function that accepts one int argument and yields the same output as if you had called multiply with x equal to 2 and y equal to that argument. In terms of behavior, it’s the same as this code: let double2 z = multiply 2 z Often, people mistakenly say that multiply is curried to form double. But this is only somewhat true. The multiply function is curried, but that happens when it is defined because functions in F# are curried by default. When the double function is created, it’s more accurate to say that the multiply function is partially applied. The multiply function is really a series of two functions. The first function takes one int argument and returns another function, effectively binding x to a specific value. This function also accepts an int argument that you can think of as the value to bind to y. After calling this second function, x and y are both bound, so the result is the product of x and y as defined in the body of double. To create double, the first function in the chain of multiply functions is evaluated to partially apply multiply. The resulting function is given the name double. When double is evaluated, it uses its argument along with the partially applied value to create the result.

这里还有其他很好的答案，但我相信Java中的这个例子(根据我的理解)可能对一些人有益:

public static <A,B,X> Function< B, X > partiallyApply( BiFunction< A, B, X > aBiFunction, A aValue ){
    return b -> aBiFunction.apply( aValue, b );
}

public static <A,X> Supplier< X > partiallyApply( Function< A, X > aFunction, A aValue ){
    return () -> aFunction.apply( aValue );
}

public static <A,B,X> Function<  A, Function< B, X >  > curry( BiFunction< A, B, X > bif ){
    return a -> partiallyApply( bif, a );
}

因此curry为您提供了一个单参数函数来创建函数，而partial-application则创建一个包装器函数，该包装器函数硬编码一个或多个参数。

如果你想复制和粘贴，下面的文件比较吵闹，但是使用起来比较友好，因为类型比较宽松:

public static <A,B,X> Function< ? super B, ? extends X > partiallyApply( final BiFunction< ? super A, ? super B, X > aBiFunction, final A aValue ){
    return b -> aBiFunction.apply( aValue, b );
}

public static <A,X> Supplier< ? extends X > partiallyApply( final Function< ? super A, X > aFunction, final A aValue ){
    return () -> aFunction.apply( aValue );
}

public static <A,B,X> Function<  ? super A,  Function< ? super B, ? extends X >  > curry( final BiFunction< ? super A, ? super B, ? extends X > bif ){
    return a -> partiallyApply( bif, a );
}

注意:本文摘自f# Basics，这是一篇非常好的介绍性文章，供。net开发人员学习函数式编程。

Currying means breaking a function with many arguments into a series of functions that each take one argument and ultimately produce the same result as the original function. Currying is probably the most challenging topic for developers new to functional programming, particularly because it is often confused with partial application. You can see both at work in this example: let multiply x y = x * y let double = multiply 2 let ten = double 5 Right away, you should see behavior that is different from most imperative languages. The second statement creates a new function called double by passing one argument to a function that takes two. The result is a function that accepts one int argument and yields the same output as if you had called multiply with x equal to 2 and y equal to that argument. In terms of behavior, it’s the same as this code: let double2 z = multiply 2 z Often, people mistakenly say that multiply is curried to form double. But this is only somewhat true. The multiply function is curried, but that happens when it is defined because functions in F# are curried by default. When the double function is created, it’s more accurate to say that the multiply function is partially applied. The multiply function is really a series of two functions. The first function takes one int argument and returns another function, effectively binding x to a specific value. This function also accepts an int argument that you can think of as the value to bind to y. After calling this second function, x and y are both bound, so the result is the product of x and y as defined in the body of double. To create double, the first function in the chain of multiply functions is evaluated to partially apply multiply. The resulting function is given the name double. When double is evaluated, it uses its argument along with the partially applied value to create the result.

我在另一个帖子https://stackoverflow.com/a/12846865/1685865中回答了这个问题。简而言之，部分函数应用是关于固定一个给定的多变量函数的一些参数，以产生另一个具有更少参数的函数，而Currying是关于将一个有N个参数的函数转换为一个返回一元函数的一元函数…[一个curry的例子显示在这篇文章的最后。]

curry主要是理论方面的兴趣:可以只用一元函数来表示计算(即每个函数都是一元函数)。在实践中，它是一种技术，可以使许多有用的(但不是全部)部分函数式应用程序变得微不足道，如果语言有咖喱函数的话。同样，它不是实现部分应用程序的唯一方法。所以你可能会遇到这样的情况，部分应用程序是用其他方式完成的，但人们会把它误认为是curry。

(以咖喱为例)

在实践中，人们不只是写

lambda x: lambda y: lambda z: x + y + z

或者等价的javascript

function (x) { return function (y){ return function (z){ return x + y + z }}}

而不是

lambda x, y, z: x + y + z

为了柯里林。

局部套用

维基百科上说

curry是一种将带有多个参数的函数转换为带有单个参数的函数序列的技术。

例子

const add = (a, b) => a + b

const addC = (a) => (b) => a + b // curried function. Where C means curried

部分应用程序

文章刚刚好FP:部分应用

部分应用是将部分(而不是全部)参数应用到函数，并返回一个新函数等待其余参数。这些应用的参数存储在闭包中，并且将来对任何部分应用的返回函数仍然可用。

例子

const add = (a) => (b) => a + b

const add3 = add(3) // add3 is a partially applied function

add3(5) // 8

区别在于

咖喱是一种技术(模式) Partial application是一个带有一些预定义参数的函数(如前面示例中的add3)

这里的很多人都没有正确地解决这个问题，也没有人谈论过重叠。

简单的答案

curry:让你调用一个函数，把它分成多个调用，每次调用提供一个参数。

部分应用:允许你调用一个函数，把它分成多个调用，每次调用提供多个参数。

两者之间的重要区别之一是调用 部分应用的函数立即返回结果，而不是另一个 沿着咖喱链;这种区别可以用例子来说明 显然，对于集度大于2的函数。

这是什么意思?这意味着对一个局部函数最多有两次调用。curry的参数和参数的数量一样多。如果curry函数只有两个参数，那么它本质上与偏函数相同。

例子

部分应用和咖喱

function bothPartialAndCurry(firstArgument) {
    return function(secondArgument) {
        return firstArgument + secondArgument;
    }
}

const partialAndCurry = bothPartialAndCurry(1);
const result = partialAndCurry(2);

部分应用程序

function partialOnly(firstArgument, secondArgument) {
    return function(thirdArgument, fourthArgument, fifthArgument) {
        return firstArgument + secondArgument + thirdArgument + fourthArgument + fifthArgument;
    }
}

const partial = partialOnly(1, 2);
const result = partial(3, 4, 5);

局部套用

function curryOnly(firstArgument) {
    return function(secondArgument) {
        return function(thirdArgument) {
            return function(fourthArgument ) {
                return function(fifthArgument) {
                    return firstArgument + secondArgument + thirdArgument + fourthArgument + fifthArgument;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

const curryFirst = curryOnly(1);
const currySecond = curryFirst(2);
const curryThird = currySecond(3);
const curryFourth = curryThird(4);
const result = curryFourth(5);

// or...

const result = curryOnly(1)(2)(3)(4)(5);

命名约定

等我有时间再写，很快就有时间了。