我试图在Swift中使用十六进制颜色值,而不是UIColor允许您使用的少数标准值,但我不知道如何做到这一点。
示例:我如何使用#ffffff作为颜色?
我试图在Swift中使用十六进制颜色值,而不是UIColor允许您使用的少数标准值,但我不知道如何做到这一点。
示例:我如何使用#ffffff作为颜色?
当前回答
iOS 14, SwiftUI 2.0, swift 5.1, Xcode beta12
extension Color {
static func hexColour(hexValue:UInt32)->Color
{
let red = Double((hexValue & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0
let green = Double((hexValue & 0xFF00) >> 8) / 255.0
let blue = Double(hexValue & 0xFF) / 255.0
return Color(red:red, green:green, blue:blue)
}
}
用十六进制数表示
let red = Color.hexColour(hexValue: 0xFF0000)
其他回答
带验证的十六进制
根据爱德华多的回答
细节
Xcode 10.0, Swift 4.2 Xcode 10.2.1 (10E1001)
解决方案
import UIKit
extension UIColor {
convenience init(r: UInt8, g: UInt8, b: UInt8, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
let divider: CGFloat = 255.0
self.init(red: CGFloat(r)/divider, green: CGFloat(g)/divider, blue: CGFloat(b)/divider, alpha: alpha)
}
private convenience init(rgbWithoutValidation value: Int32, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
self.init(
r: UInt8((value & 0xFF0000) >> 16),
g: UInt8((value & 0x00FF00) >> 8),
b: UInt8(value & 0x0000FF),
alpha: alpha
)
}
convenience init?(rgb: Int32, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
if rgb > 0xFFFFFF || rgb < 0 { return nil }
self.init(rgbWithoutValidation: rgb, alpha: alpha)
}
convenience init?(hex: String, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
var charSet = CharacterSet.whitespacesAndNewlines
charSet.insert("#")
let _hex = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: charSet)
guard _hex.range(of: "^[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}$", options: .regularExpression) != nil else { return nil }
var rgb: UInt32 = 0
Scanner(string: _hex).scanHexInt32(&rgb)
self.init(rgbWithoutValidation: Int32(rgb), alpha: alpha)
}
}
使用
let alpha: CGFloat = 1.0
// Hex
print(UIColor(rgb: 0x4F9BF5) ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(rgb: 0x4F9BF5, alpha: alpha) ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(rgb: 5217269) ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(rgb: -5217269) ?? "nil") // = nil
print(UIColor(rgb: 0xFFFFFF1) ?? "nil") // = nil
// String
print(UIColor(hex: "4F9BF5") ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(hex: "4F9BF5", alpha: alpha) ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(hex: "#4F9BF5") ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(hex: "#4F9BF5", alpha: alpha) ?? "nil")
print(UIColor(hex: "#4F9BF56") ?? "nil") // = nil
print(UIColor(hex: "#blabla") ?? "nil") // = nil
// RGB
print(UIColor(r: 79, g: 155, b: 245))
print(UIColor(r: 79, g: 155, b: 245, alpha: alpha))
//print(UIColor(r: 792, g: 155, b: 245, alpha: alpha)) // Compiler will throw an error, r,g,b = [0...255]
#ffffff实际上是16进制表示法的3个颜色组件——红色ff,绿色ff和蓝色ff。你可以在Swift中使用0x前缀编写十六进制符号,例如0xFF
为了简化转换,让我们创建一个初始化式,它接受整数(0 - 255)值:
extension UIColor {
convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int) {
assert(red >= 0 && red <= 255, "Invalid red component")
assert(green >= 0 && green <= 255, "Invalid green component")
assert(blue >= 0 && blue <= 255, "Invalid blue component")
self.init(red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0, green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0, blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0, alpha: 1.0)
}
convenience init(rgb: Int) {
self.init(
red: (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF,
green: (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF,
blue: rgb & 0xFF
)
}
}
用法:
let color = UIColor(red: 0xFF, green: 0xFF, blue: 0xFF)
let color2 = UIColor(rgb: 0xFFFFFF)
如何得到alpha?
根据您的用例,您可以简单地使用本机UIColor。withAlphaComponent方法,例如:
let semitransparentBlack = UIColor(rgb: 0x000000).withAlphaComponent(0.5)
或者你可以在上面的方法中添加一个额外的(可选的)参数:
convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
self.init(
red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0,
green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0,
blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0,
alpha: a
)
}
convenience init(rgb: Int, a: CGFloat = 1.0) {
self.init(
red: (rgb >> 16) & 0xFF,
green: (rgb >> 8) & 0xFF,
blue: rgb & 0xFF,
a: a
)
}
(我们不能将参数命名为alpha,因为与现有的初始化式名称冲突)。
称为:
let color = UIColor(red: 0xFF, green: 0xFF, blue: 0xFF, a: 0.5)
let color2 = UIColor(rgb: 0xFFFFFF, a: 0.5)
为了得到0-255的整数,我们可以
convenience init(red: Int, green: Int, blue: Int, a: Int = 0xFF) {
self.init(
red: CGFloat(red) / 255.0,
green: CGFloat(green) / 255.0,
blue: CGFloat(blue) / 255.0,
alpha: CGFloat(a) / 255.0
)
}
// let's suppose alpha is the first component (ARGB)
convenience init(argb: Int) {
self.init(
red: (argb >> 16) & 0xFF,
green: (argb >> 8) & 0xFF,
blue: argb & 0xFF,
a: (argb >> 24) & 0xFF
)
}
称为
let color = UIColor(red: 0xFF, green: 0xFF, blue: 0xFF, a: 0xFF)
let color2 = UIColor(argb: 0xFFFFFFFF)
或者是前面几种方法的组合。绝对没有必要使用字符串。
我从这个回答中总结了一些想法,并针对iOS 13和Swift 5进行了更新。
extension UIColor {
convenience init(_ hex: String, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
var cString = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).uppercased()
if cString.hasPrefix("#") { cString.removeFirst() }
if cString.count != 6 {
self.init("ff0000") // return red color for wrong hex input
return
}
var rgbValue: UInt64 = 0
Scanner(string: cString).scanHexInt64(&rgbValue)
self.init(red: CGFloat((rgbValue & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0,
green: CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 255.0,
blue: CGFloat(rgbValue & 0x0000FF) / 255.0,
alpha: alpha)
}
}
然后你可以这样使用它:
UIColor("#ff0000") // with #
UIColor("ff0000") // without #
UIColor("ff0000", alpha: 0.5) // using optional alpha value
Swift 4:结合Sulthan和Luca Torella的回答:
extension UIColor {
convenience init(hexFromString:String, alpha:CGFloat = 1.0) {
var cString:String = hexFromString.trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines).uppercased()
var rgbValue:UInt32 = 10066329 //color #999999 if string has wrong format
if (cString.hasPrefix("#")) {
cString.remove(at: cString.startIndex)
}
if ((cString.count) == 6) {
Scanner(string: cString).scanHexInt32(&rgbValue)
}
self.init(
red: CGFloat((rgbValue & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 255.0,
green: CGFloat((rgbValue & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 255.0,
blue: CGFloat(rgbValue & 0x0000FF) / 255.0,
alpha: alpha
)
}
}
使用例子:
let myColor = UIColor(hexFromString: "4F9BF5")
let myColor = UIColor(hexFromString: "#4F9BF5")
let myColor = UIColor(hexFromString: "#4F9BF5", alpha: 0.5)
在Swift 2.0和Xcode 7.0.1中,你可以创建这个函数:
// Creates a UIColor from a Hex string.
func colorWithHexString (hex:String) -> UIColor {
var cString:String = hex.stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet(NSCharacterSet.whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet()).uppercaseString
if (cString.hasPrefix("#")) {
cString = (cString as NSString).substringFromIndex(1)
}
if (cString.characters.count != 6) {
return UIColor.grayColor()
}
let rString = (cString as NSString).substringToIndex(2)
let gString = ((cString as NSString).substringFromIndex(2) as NSString).substringToIndex(2)
let bString = ((cString as NSString).substringFromIndex(4) as NSString).substringToIndex(2)
var r:CUnsignedInt = 0, g:CUnsignedInt = 0, b:CUnsignedInt = 0;
NSScanner(string: rString).scanHexInt(&r)
NSScanner(string: gString).scanHexInt(&g)
NSScanner(string: bString).scanHexInt(&b)
return UIColor(red: CGFloat(r) / 255.0, green: CGFloat(g) / 255.0, blue: CGFloat(b) / 255.0, alpha: CGFloat(1))
}
然后这样使用它:
let color1 = colorWithHexString("#1F437C")
Swift 4更新
func colorWithHexString (hex:String) -> UIColor {
var cString = hex.trimmingCharacters(in: CharacterSet.whitespacesAndNewlines).uppercased()
if (cString.hasPrefix("#")) {
cString = (cString as NSString).substring(from: 1)
}
if (cString.characters.count != 6) {
return UIColor.gray
}
let rString = (cString as NSString).substring(to: 2)
let gString = ((cString as NSString).substring(from: 2) as NSString).substring(to: 2)
let bString = ((cString as NSString).substring(from: 4) as NSString).substring(to: 2)
var r:CUnsignedInt = 0, g:CUnsignedInt = 0, b:CUnsignedInt = 0;
Scanner(string: rString).scanHexInt32(&r)
Scanner(string: gString).scanHexInt32(&g)
Scanner(string: bString).scanHexInt32(&b)
return UIColor(red: CGFloat(r) / 255.0, green: CGFloat(g) / 255.0, blue: CGFloat(b) / 255.0, alpha: CGFloat(1))
}