我想比较两个数组。。。理想地、有效地。没有什么稀奇古怪的,如果它们是相同的,那就是真的,如果不是,那就是假的。毫不奇怪,比较运算符似乎不起作用。

var a1 = [1,2,3];
var a2 = [1,2,3];
console.log(a1==a2);    // Returns false
console.log(JSON.stringify(a1)==JSON.stringify(a2));    // Returns true

JSON对每个数组进行编码,但是否有一种更快或“更好”的方法来简单地比较数组而不必遍历每个值?


当前回答

我在回答这个问题https://stackoverflow.com/a/10316616/711085(此后已标记为该答案的副本)。在那里,您将发现一个DeepEquals实现,它处理许多情况,例如Map和Set以及数组和对象的任意嵌套。其中对==的非传递性和记录==vs==的讨论尤为重要。


对于OP的特殊问题,如果数组仅由数字、字符串和布尔值组成,而没有NaN,那么对于足够大的数组,最有效的方法是预编译函数:

function areSimpleArraysEqual(a,b) {
    // requires inputs be arrays of only Number, String, Boolean, and no NaN.
    // will propagate error if either array is undefined.
    if (a.length!=b.length)
        return false;
    for(let i=0; i<a.length; i++)
        if (a[i]!==b[i]) // using === equality
            return false;
    return true;
}

如果一个人的业务逻辑一直附加到数组的末尾,通过检查(a.length>0&&a[a.length-1]!==b[b.length-1])是否返回false;,在一些罕见的情况下,可以实现平均情况O(1)和最坏情况O(N)。

其他回答

我想出了另一种方法。使用join(“”)将它们更改为字符串,然后比较两个字符串:

var a1_str = a1.join(''),
    a2_str = a2.join('');

if (a2_str === a1_str) {}

与嵌套数组一起使用MULTIPLE参数:

//:Return true if all of the arrays equal.
//:Works with nested arrays.
function AllArrEQ(...arrays){
    for(var i = 0; i < (arrays.length-1); i++ ){
        var a1 = arrays[i+0];
        var a2 = arrays[i+1];
        var res =( 
            //:Are both elements arrays?
            Array.isArray(a1)&&Array.isArray(a2) 
            ?
            //:Yes: Compare Each Sub-Array:
            //:v==a1[i]
            a1.every((v,i)=>(AllArrEQ(v,a2[i])))
            :
            //:No: Simple Comparison:
            (a1===a2)
        );;
        if(!res){return false;}
    };;
    return( true );
};;

console.log( AllArrEQ( 
        [1,2,3,[4,5,[6,"ALL_EQUAL"   ]]],
        [1,2,3,[4,5,[6,"ALL_EQUAL"   ]]],
        [1,2,3,[4,5,[6,"ALL_EQUAL"   ]]],
        [1,2,3,[4,5,[6,"ALL_EQUAL"   ]]],
));; 

我的解决方案比较对象,而不是数组。这将以与Tomáš相同的方式工作,因为数组是对象,但没有警告:

Object.prototype.compare_to = function(comparable){
    
    // Is the value being compared an object
    if(comparable instanceof Object){
        
        // Count the amount of properties in @comparable
        var count_of_comparable = 0;
        for(p in comparable) count_of_comparable++;
        
        // Loop through all the properties in @this
        for(property in this){
            
            // Decrements once for every property in @this
            count_of_comparable--;
            
            // Prevents an infinite loop
            if(property != "compare_to"){
                
                // Is the property in @comparable
                if(property in comparable){
                    
                    // Is the property also an Object
                    if(this[property] instanceof Object){
                        
                        // Compare the properties if yes
                        if(!(this[property].compare_to(comparable[property]))){
                            
                            // Return false if the Object properties don't match
                            return false;
                        }
                    // Are the values unequal
                    } else if(this[property] !== comparable[property]){
                        
                        // Return false if they are unequal
                        return false;
                    }
                } else {
                
                    // Return false if the property is not in the object being compared
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    } else {
        
        // Return false if the value is anything other than an object
        return false;
    }
    
    // Return true if their are as many properties in the comparable object as @this
    return count_of_comparable == 0;
}

虽然这个问题的最佳答案是正确和良好的,但提供的代码可能需要一些改进。

下面是我自己比较数组和对象的代码。代码简短而简单:

Array.prototype.equals = function(otherArray) {
  if (!otherArray || this.length != otherArray.length) return false;
  return this.reduce(function(equal, item, index) {
    var otherItem = otherArray[index];
    var itemType = typeof item, otherItemType = typeof otherItem;
    if (itemType !== otherItemType) return false;
    return equal && (itemType === "object" ? item.equals(otherItem) : item === otherItem);
  }, true);
};

if(!Object.prototype.keys) {
  Object.prototype.keys = function() {
    var a = [];
    for (var key in this) {
      if (this.hasOwnProperty(key)) a.push(key);
    }
    return a;
  }
  Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "keys", {enumerable: false});
}

Object.prototype.equals = function(otherObject) {
  if (!otherObject) return false;
  var object = this, objectKeys = object.keys();
  if (!objectKeys.equals(otherObject.keys())) return false;
  return objectKeys.reduce(function(equal, key) {
    var value = object[key], otherValue = otherObject[key];
    var valueType = typeof value, otherValueType = typeof otherValue;
    if (valueType !== otherValueType) return false;
    // this will call Array.prototype.equals for arrays and Object.prototype.equals for objects
    return equal && (valueType === "object" ? value.equals(otherValue) : value === otherValue);
  }, true);
}
Object.defineProperty(Object.prototype, "equals", {enumerable: false});

此代码支持嵌套在对象中的数组和嵌套在数组中的对象。

您可以在下面的repl中看到一整套测试并自己测试代码:https://repl.it/Esfz/3

您可以简单地使用lodash库中的isEqual。它非常高效和干净。

import isEqual from "lodash/isEqual";

const isTwoArraysEqual = isEqual(array1, array2);