我需要与以下匹配项对应的列表索引：

lst=['abc-123', 'def-456', 'ghi-789', 'abc-456']

[n for n, x in enumerate(lst) if 'abc' in x]

输出

[0, 3]

x = 'aaa'
L = ['aaa-12', 'bbbaaa', 'cccaa']
res = [y for y in L if x in y]

使用筛选器获取具有“abc”的所有元素：

>>> xs = ['abc-123', 'def-456', 'ghi-789', 'abc-456']
>>> list(filter(lambda x: 'abc' in x, xs))
['abc-123', 'abc-456']

还可以使用列表理解：

>>> [x for x in xs if 'abc' in x]

我进行了一次搜索，需要您输入某个值，然后它将从包含您输入的列表中查找一个值：

my_list = ['abc-123',
        'def-456',
        'ghi-789',
        'abc-456'
        ]

imp = raw_input('Search item: ')

for items in my_list:
    val = items
    if any(imp in val for items in my_list):
        print(items)

尝试搜索“abc”。

要检查列表中任何字符串中是否存在“abc”，请执行以下操作：

xs = ['abc-123', 'def-456', 'ghi-789', 'abc-456']

if any("abc" in s for s in xs):
    ...

要获取包含“abc”的所有项目：

matching = [s for s in xs if "abc" in s]

如果要获取多个子字符串的数据列表

你可以这样改

some_list = ['abc-123', 'def-456', 'ghi-789', 'abc-456']
# select element where "abc" or "ghi" is included
find_1 = "abc"
find_2 = "ghi"
result = [element for element in some_list if find_1 in element or find_2 in element] 
# Output ['abc-123', 'ghi-789', 'abc-456']