我的程序在后台线程中执行一些网络活动。在开始之前,它会弹出一个进度对话框。该对话框在处理程序上被解除。这一切都很好,除了当对话框打开时屏幕方向发生变化(背景线程正在运行)。此时,应用程序要么崩溃,要么死锁,要么进入一个奇怪的阶段,在所有线程被杀死之前,应用程序根本无法工作。

我如何处理屏幕方向的变化优雅?

下面的示例代码大致匹配我的实际程序:

public class MyAct extends Activity implements Runnable {
    public ProgressDialog mProgress;

    // UI has a button that when pressed calls send

    public void send() {
         mProgress = ProgressDialog.show(this, "Please wait", 
                      "Please wait", 
                      true, true);
        Thread thread = new Thread(this);
        thread.start();
    }

    public void run() {
        Thread.sleep(10000);
        Message msg = new Message();
        mHandler.sendMessage(msg);
    }

    private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            mProgress.dismiss();
        }
    };
}

栈:

E/WindowManager(  244): Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager(  244): android.view.WindowLeaked: Activity MyAct has leaked window com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView@433b7150 that was originally added here
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.ViewRoot.<init>(ViewRoot.java:178)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:147)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.WindowManagerImpl.addView(WindowManagerImpl.java:90)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.Window$LocalWindowManager.addView(Window.java:393)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.app.Dialog.show(Dialog.java:212)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:103)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.app.ProgressDialog.show(ProgressDialog.java:91)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at MyAct.send(MyAct.java:294)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at MyAct$4.onClick(MyAct.java:174)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.View.performClick(View.java:2129)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.View.onTouchEvent(View.java:3543)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.widget.TextView.onTouchEvent(TextView.java:4664)
E/WindowManager(  244):     at android.view.View.dispatchTouchEvent(View.java:3198)

我已经尝试在onSaveInstanceState中取消进度对话框,但这只是防止了立即崩溃。背景线程仍在运行,UI处于部分绘制状态。需要在它重新开始工作之前杀死整个应用程序。


当前回答

我尝试执行jfelectron的解决方案,因为它是“解决这些问题的坚如磐石的解决方案,符合‘Android方式’”,但我花了一些时间来查找并整合所有提到的元素。最终得到了这个略有不同的,我认为更优雅的解决方案,完整地贴在这里。

使用从活动中触发的IntentService在单独的线程上执行长时间运行的任务。该服务向更新对话框的活动发出sticky Broadcast intent。Activity使用showDialog(), onCreateDialog()和onPrepareDialog()来消除在应用程序对象或savedInstanceState包中传递持久化数据的需要。无论应用程序如何中断,这都应该工作。

活动类:

public class TesterActivity extends Activity {
private ProgressDialog mProgressDialog;
private static final int PROGRESS_DIALOG = 0;

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.main);

    Button b = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.test_button);
    b.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
        public void onClick(View v) {
            buttonClick();
        }
    });
}

private void buttonClick(){
    clearPriorBroadcast();
    showDialog(PROGRESS_DIALOG);
    Intent svc = new Intent(this, MyService.class);
    startService(svc);
}

protected Dialog onCreateDialog(int id) {
    switch(id) {
    case PROGRESS_DIALOG:
        mProgressDialog = new ProgressDialog(TesterActivity.this);
        mProgressDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
        mProgressDialog.setMax(MyService.MAX_COUNTER);
        mProgressDialog.setMessage("Processing...");
        return mProgressDialog;
    default:
        return null;
    }
}

@Override
protected void onPrepareDialog(int id, Dialog dialog) {
    switch(id) {
    case PROGRESS_DIALOG:
        // setup a broadcast receiver to receive update events from the long running process
        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();
        filter.addAction(MyService.BG_PROCESS_INTENT);
        registerReceiver(new MyBroadcastReceiver(), filter);
        break;
    }
}

public class MyBroadcastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        if (intent.hasExtra(MyService.KEY_COUNTER)){
            int count = intent.getIntExtra(MyService.KEY_COUNTER, 0);
            mProgressDialog.setProgress(count);
            if (count >= MyService.MAX_COUNTER){
                dismissDialog(PROGRESS_DIALOG);
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
 * Sticky broadcasts persist and any prior broadcast will trigger in the 
 * broadcast receiver as soon as it is registered.
 * To clear any prior broadcast this code sends a blank broadcast to clear 
 * the last sticky broadcast.
 * This broadcast has no extras it will be ignored in the broadcast receiver 
 * setup in onPrepareDialog()
 */
private void clearPriorBroadcast(){
    Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
    broadcastIntent.setAction(MyService.BG_PROCESS_INTENT);
    sendStickyBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
}}

IntentService经济舱:

public class MyService extends IntentService {

public static final String BG_PROCESS_INTENT = "com.mindspiker.Tester.MyService.TEST";
public static final String KEY_COUNTER = "counter";
public static final int MAX_COUNTER = 100;

public MyService() {
  super("");
}

@Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
    for (int i = 0; i <= MAX_COUNTER; i++) {
        Log.e("Service Example", " " + i);
        try {
            Thread.sleep(100);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Intent broadcastIntent = new Intent();
        broadcastIntent.setAction(BG_PROCESS_INTENT);
        broadcastIntent.putExtra(KEY_COUNTER, i);
        sendStickyBroadcast(broadcastIntent);
    }
}}

清单文件条目:

应用前部分:

uses-permission android:name="com.mindspiker.Tester.MyService.TEST"
uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BROADCAST_STICKY"

应用程序内部部分

service android:name=".MyService"

其他回答

如果你创建了一个后台服务来完成所有繁重的工作(tcp请求/响应,解组),视图和活动可以被销毁并重新创建,而不会泄漏窗口或丢失数据。这允许Android推荐的行为,即在每次配置更改时销毁一个Activity。对于每个方向变化)。

它有点复杂,但它是调用服务器请求、数据预处理/后处理等的最佳方式。

您甚至可以使用您的服务将每个请求排队到服务器,因此它使处理这些事情变得简单和高效。

开发指南有一个关于服务的完整章节。

当你改变方向时,Android会终止那个活动并创建新的活动。 我建议使用Rx java的retrofit。自动处理崩溃。

在改造调用时使用这些方法。

.subscribeOn (Schedulers.io ()) .observeOn (AndroidSchedulers.mainThread ())

将长任务移动到单独的类中。将其实现为主题-观察者模式。每当创建活动时,注册并在关闭时注销任务类。任务类可以使用AsyncTask。

看起来太“快速和肮脏”了,所以请指出缺点,但我发现有用的是……

在我的AsyncTask的onPostExecute方法中,我简单地包装了`。try/catch块中的进度对话框(带有空捕获)的Dismiss ',然后简单地忽略所引发的异常。似乎是错误的,但似乎没有不良影响(至少对于我随后所做的事情,这是启动另一个活动,将我的长时间运行查询的结果传递为一个额外)

这是我提出的解决方案:

Move the AsyncTask or Thread to a retained Fragment, as explained here. I believe it is a good practice to move all network calls to fragments. If you are already using fragments, one of them could be made responsible for the calls. Otherwise, you can create a fragment just for doing the request, as the linked article proposes. The fragment will use a listener interface to signal the task completion/failure. You don't have to worry for orientation changes there. The fragment will always have the correct link to the current activity and progress dialog can be safely resumed. Make your progress dialog a member of your class. In fact you should do that for all dialogs. In the onPause method you should dismiss them, otherwise you will leak a window on the configuration change. The busy state should be kept by the fragment. When the fragment is attached to the activity, you can bring up the progress dialog again, if the call is still running. A void showProgressDialog() method can be added to the fragment-activity listener interface for this purpose.