我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
我需要能够在运行时合并两个(非常简单)JavaScript对象。例如,我想:
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
obj1.merge(obj2);
//obj1 now has three properties: food, car, and animal
是否有一种内置的方法来实现这一点?我不需要递归,也不需要合并函数,只需要平面对象上的方法。
当前回答
此解决方案创建一个新对象,并能够处理多个对象。
此外,它是递归的,您可以选择要覆盖值和对象的天气。
function extendObjects() {
var newObject = {};
var overwriteValues = false;
var overwriteObjects = false;
for ( var indexArgument = 0; indexArgument < arguments.length; indexArgument++ ) {
if ( typeof arguments[indexArgument] !== 'object' ) {
if ( arguments[indexArgument] == 'overwriteValues_True' ) {
overwriteValues = true;
} else if ( arguments[indexArgument] == 'overwriteValues_False' ) {
overwriteValues = false;
} else if ( arguments[indexArgument] == 'overwriteObjects_True' ) {
overwriteObjects = true;
} else if ( arguments[indexArgument] == 'overwriteObjects_False' ) {
overwriteObjects = false;
}
} else {
extendObject( arguments[indexArgument], newObject, overwriteValues, overwriteObjects );
}
}
function extendObject( object, extendedObject, overwriteValues, overwriteObjects ) {
for ( var indexObject in object ) {
if ( typeof object[indexObject] === 'object' ) {
if ( typeof extendedObject[indexObject] === "undefined" || overwriteObjects ) {
extendedObject[indexObject] = object[indexObject];
}
extendObject( object[indexObject], extendedObject[indexObject], overwriteValues, overwriteObjects );
} else {
if ( typeof extendedObject[indexObject] === "undefined" || overwriteValues ) {
extendedObject[indexObject] = object[indexObject];
}
}
}
return extendedObject;
}
return newObject;
}
var object1 = { a : 1, b : 2, testArr : [888, { innArr : 1 }, 777 ], data : { e : 12, c : { lol : 1 }, rofl : { O : 3 } } };
var object2 = { a : 6, b : 9, data : { a : 17, b : 18, e : 13, rofl : { O : 99, copter : { mao : 1 } } }, hexa : { tetra : 66 } };
var object3 = { f : 13, g : 666, a : 333, data : { c : { xD : 45 } }, testArr : [888, { innArr : 3 }, 555 ] };
var newExtendedObject = extendObjects( 'overwriteValues_False', 'overwriteObjects_False', object1, object2, object3 );
newExtendedObject的内容:
{"a":1,"b":2,"testArr":[888,{"innArr":1},777],"data":{"e":12,"c":{"lol":1,"xD":45},"rofl":{"O":3,"copter":{"mao":1}},"a":17,"b":18},"hexa":{"tetra":66},"f":13,"g":666}
小提琴:http://jsfiddle.net/o0gb2umb/
其他回答
实现这一点的一种可能方法如下。
if (!Object.prototype.merge){
Object.prototype.merge = function(obj){
var self = this;
Object.keys(obj).forEach(function(key){
self[key] = obj[key]
});
}
};
我不知道这是否比其他答案更好。在该方法中,将合并函数添加到对象原型。这样就可以调用obj1.merge(obj2);
注意:你应该验证你的参数,看看它是否是一个对象,并“抛出”一个正确的错误。如果不是,Object.keys将“抛出”一个“错误”
Object.assign(TargetObject, Obj1, Obj2, ...);
jQuery还有一个实用程序:http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.extend/.
摘自jQuery文档:
// Merge options object into settings object
var settings = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" };
var options = { validate: true, name: "bar" };
jQuery.extend(settings, options);
// Now the content of settings object is the following:
// { validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar" }
上面的代码将改变现有的名为setting的对象。
如果要在不修改任何参数的情况下创建新对象,请使用以下命令:
var defaults = { validate: false, limit: 5, name: "foo" };
var options = { validate: true, name: "bar" };
/* Merge defaults and options, without modifying defaults */
var settings = $.extend({}, defaults, options);
// The content of settings variable is now the following:
// {validate: true, limit: 5, name: "bar"}
// The 'defaults' and 'options' variables remained the same.
这里是我在代码库中用于合并的内容。
function merge(to, from) {
if (typeof to === 'object' && typeof from === 'object') {
for (var pro in from) {
if (from.hasOwnProperty(pro)) {
to[pro] = from[pro];
}
}
}
else{
throw "Merge function can apply only on object";
}
}
var obj1 = { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
var obj2 = { animal: 'dog' }
// result
result: {food: "pizza", car: "ford", animal: "dog"}
使用jQuery.exde()-Link
// Merge obj1 & obj2 to result
var result1 = $.extend( {}, obj1, obj2 );
使用_.merge()-链接
// Merge obj1 & obj2 to result
var result2 = _.merge( {}, obj1, obj2 );
使用_.exde()-链接
// Merge obj1 & obj2 to result
var result3 = _.extend( {}, obj1, obj2 );
使用Object.assign()ECMAScript 2015(ES6)-Link
// Merge obj1 & obj2 to result
var result4 = Object.assign( {}, obj1, obj2 );
全部输出
obj1: { animal: 'dog' }
obj2: { food: 'pizza', car: 'ford' }
result1: {food: "pizza", car: "ford", animal: "dog"}
result2: {food: "pizza", car: "ford", animal: "dog"}
result3: {food: "pizza", car: "ford", animal: "dog"}
result4: {food: "pizza", car: "ford", animal: "dog"}