如何使用C#创建Excel电子表格而不需要在运行代码的计算机上安装Excel?


当前回答

您可以使用OLEDB创建和操作Excel文件。选中此项:使用OLEDB读写Excel。

典型示例:

using (OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:\\temp\\test.xls;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=Yes'"))
{
  conn.Open();
  OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("CREATE TABLE [Sheet1] ([Column1] string, [Column2] string)", conn);
  cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
}

编辑-更多链接:

嘿,脚本人!如何在不使用Excel的情况下从Excel读取?如何使用ADO.NET在Visual Basic.NET中检索和修改Excel工作簿中的记录使用ADO.NET C#DbProviderFactory读写Excel电子表格

其他回答

您可以使用名为ExcelLibrary的库。这是一个免费的开源库,发布在谷歌代码上:

Excel库

这看起来是您前面提到的PHPExcelWriter的一个端口。它还不会写入新的.xlsx格式,但他们正在努力在中添加该功能。

它非常简单,小巧,易于使用。此外,它还有一个DataSetHelper,允许您使用DataSet和DataTables轻松处理Excel数据。

ExcelLibrary似乎仍然只适用于较旧的Excel格式(.xls文件),但将来可能会增加对更新的2007/2010格式的支持。

您也可以使用EPPlus,它仅适用于Excel 2007/2010格式文件(.xlsx文件)。还有NPOI,两者都可以使用。

如注释中所述,每个库都有一些已知的错误。总之,随着时间的推移,EPPlus似乎是最好的选择。它似乎也更积极地更新和记录。

此外,如下文@АртЕмЦарионов所述,EPPlus支持数据透视表,ExcelLibrary可能有一些支持(ExcelLibrary中的数据透视表问题)

这里有几个链接可供快速参考:ExcelLibrary-GNU Lesser GPLEPPlus-GNU(LGPL)-不再维护EPPlus 5-Polyform非商业-2020年5月开始NPOI-Apache许可证

这里是ExcelLibrary的一些示例代码:

下面是一个从数据库中获取数据并从中创建工作簿的示例。请注意,ExcelLibrary代码是底部的单行:

//Create the data set and table
DataSet ds = new DataSet("New_DataSet");
DataTable dt = new DataTable("New_DataTable");

//Set the locale for each
ds.Locale = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;
dt.Locale = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture;

//Open a DB connection (in this example with OleDB)
OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(dbConnectionString);
con.Open();

//Create a query and fill the data table with the data from the DB
string sql = "SELECT Whatever FROM MyDBTable;";
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, con);
OleDbDataAdapter adptr = new OleDbDataAdapter();

adptr.SelectCommand = cmd;
adptr.Fill(dt);
con.Close();

//Add the table to the data set
ds.Tables.Add(dt);

//Here's the easy part. Create the Excel worksheet from the data set
ExcelLibrary.DataSetHelper.CreateWorkbook("MyExcelFile.xls", ds);

创建Excel文件就这么简单。您也可以手动创建Excel文件,但上面的功能给我留下了深刻的印象。

下面是使用LINQ to XML完成此操作的方法,并提供示例代码:

用LINQ to XML快速导入和导出Excel数据

它有点复杂,因为您必须导入名称空间等等,但它确实可以避免任何外部依赖。

(当然,它是VB.NET,而不是C#,但您可以始终在自己的项目中隔离VB.NET内容,以使用XML文字,并使用C#执行其他所有操作。)

如果您从代码中创建数据表或数据网格视图,则可以使用此简单方法保存所有数据。不建议使用此方法,但它可以100%工作,即使您没有在计算机中安装MS Excel。

try
 {
  SaveFileDialog saveFileDialog1 = new SaveFileDialog();
  saveFileDialog1.Filter = "Excel Documents (*.xls)|*.xls";
  saveFileDialog1.FileName = "Employee Details.xls";
  if (saveFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
  {
  string fname = saveFileDialog1.FileName;
  StreamWriter wr = new StreamWriter(fname);
  for (int i = 0; i <DataTable.Columns.Count; i++)
  {
  wr.Write(DataTable.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper() + "\t");
  }
  wr.WriteLine();

  //write rows to excel file
  for (int i = 0; i < (DataTable.Rows.Count); i++)
  {
  for (int j = 0; j < DataTable.Columns.Count; j++)
  {
  if (DataTable.Rows[i][j] != null)
  {
  wr.Write(Convert.ToString(getallData.Rows[i][j]) + "\t");
  }
   else
   {
   wr.Write("\t");
   }
   }
   //go to next line
   wr.WriteLine();
   }
   //close file
   wr.Close();
   }
   }
   catch (Exception)
   {
    MessageBox.Show("Error Create Excel Sheet!");
   }

在我的项目中,我使用一些.net库来提取Excel文件(.xls和.xlsx)

为了导出数据,我经常使用rdlc。

要修改我使用的excel文件(尝试设置空白单元格A15时的示例代码):

关闭的XML

        //Closed XML
        var workbook = new XLWorkbook(sUrlFile); // load the existing excel file
        var worksheet = workbook.Worksheets.Worksheet(1);
        worksheet.Cell("A15").SetValue("");
        workbook.Save();

铁杆XL

       string sUrlFile = "G:\\ReportAmortizedDetail.xls";
        WorkBook workbook = WorkBook.Load(sUrlFile);
        WorkSheet sheet = workbook.WorkSheets.First();
        //Select cells easily in Excel notation and return the calculated value
        sheet["A15"].First().Value = "";
        sheet["A15"].First().FormatString = "";

        workbook.Save();
        workbook.Close();
        workbook = null;

SpireXLS(当我尝试时,库会打印附加页,以提供我们使用试用库的信息

            string sUrlFile = "G:\\ReportAmortizedDetail.xls";
            Workbook workbook = new Workbook();
            workbook.LoadFromFile(sUrlFile);
            //Get the 1st sheet
            Worksheet sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
            //Specify the cell range
            CellRange range = sheet.Range["A15"];
            //Find all matched text in the range
            CellRange[] cells = range.FindAllString("hi", false, false);
            //Replace text
            foreach (CellRange cell in range)
            {
                cell.Text = "";
            }
            //Save
            workbook.Save();

Jet Oledb公司

    //ExcelTool Class
    public static int ExcelUpdateSheets(string path, string sWorksheetName, string sCellLocation, string sValue)
    {
        int iResult = -99;
        String sConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + path + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=NO'";
        OleDbConnection objConn = new OleDbConnection(sConnectionString);
        objConn.Open();
        OleDbCommand objCmdSelect = new OleDbCommand("UPDATE [" + sWorksheetName + "$" + sCellLocation + "] SET F1=" + UtilityClass.ValueSQL(sValue), objConn);
        objCmdSelect.ExecuteNonQuery();
        objConn.Close();

        return iResult;
    }

用法:

    ExcelTool.ExcelUpdateSheets(sUrlFile, "ReportAmortizedDetail", "A15:A15", "");

天冬氨酸

            var workbook = new Aspose.Cells.Workbook(sUrlFile);
            // access first (default) worksheet
            var sheet = workbook.Worksheets[0];
            // access CellsCollection of first worksheet
            var cells = sheet.Cells;
            // write HelloWorld to cells A1
            cells["A15"].Value = "";
            // save spreadsheet to disc
            workbook.Save(sUrlFile);
            workbook.Dispose();
            workbook = null;

我重新编码了代码,现在可以创建.xls文件,稍后可以转换为Excel 2003 Open XML格式。

private static void exportToExcel(DataSet source, string fileName)
    {
        // Documentacion en:
        // https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Office_XML_formats
        // https://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/msoffice/forum/all/how-to-save-office-ms-xml-as-xlsx-file/4a77dae5-6855-457d-8359-e7b537beb1db
        // https://riptutorial.com/es/openxml

        const string startExcelXML = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\r\n"+
                 "<?mso-application progid=\"Excel.Sheet\"?>\r\n" +
                 "<Workbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n" +
                 "xmlns:o=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\"\r\n " +
                 "xmlns:x=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\"\r\n " +
                 "xmlns:ss=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet\"\r\n " +
                 "xmlns:html=\"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40\">\r\n " +
                 "xmlns:html=\"https://www.w3.org/TR/html401/\">\r\n " +

                 "<DocumentProperties xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n " +
                 "  <Version>16.00</Version>\r\n " +
                 "</DocumentProperties>\r\n " +
                 " <OfficeDocumentSettings xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office\">\r\n " +
                 "  <AllowPNG/>\r\n " +
                 " </OfficeDocumentSettings>\r\n " +

                 " <ExcelWorkbook xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n " +
                 "  <WindowHeight>9750</WindowHeight>\r\n " +
                 "  <WindowWidth>24000</WindowWidth>\r\n " +
                 "  <WindowTopX>0</WindowTopX>\r\n " +
                 "  <WindowTopY>0</WindowTopY>\r\n " +
                 "  <RefModeR1C1/>\r\n " +
                 "  <ProtectStructure>False</ProtectStructure>\r\n " +
                 "  <ProtectWindows>False</ProtectWindows>\r\n " +
                 " </ExcelWorkbook>\r\n " +

                 "<Styles>\r\n " +
                 "<Style ss:ID=\"Default\" ss:Name=\"Normal\">\r\n " +
                 "<Alignment ss:Vertical=\"Bottom\"/>\r\n <Borders/>" +
                 "\r\n <Font/>\r\n <Interior/>\r\n <NumberFormat/>" +
                 "\r\n <Protection/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                 "<Style ss:ID=\"BoldColumn\">\r\n <Font " +
                 "x:Family=\"Swiss\" ss:Bold=\"1\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                 "<Style ss:ID=\"StringLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat" +
                 " ss:Format=\"@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
                 "ss:ID=\"Decimal\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
                 "ss:Format=\"0.0000\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                 "<Style ss:ID=\"Integer\">\r\n <NumberFormat/>" +
                 "ss:Format=\"0\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n <Style " +
                 "ss:ID=\"DateLiteral\">\r\n <NumberFormat " +
                 "ss:Format=\"dd/mm/yyyy;@\"/>\r\n </Style>\r\n " +
                 "</Styles>\r\n ";
        System.IO.StreamWriter excelDoc = null;
        excelDoc = new System.IO.StreamWriter(fileName,false);

        int sheetCount = 1;
        excelDoc.Write(startExcelXML);
        foreach (DataTable table in source.Tables)
        {
            int rowCount = 0;
            excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + table.TableName + "\">");
            excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
            excelDoc.Write("<Row>");
            for (int x = 0; x < table.Columns.Count; x++)
            {
                excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"BoldColumn\"><Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                excelDoc.Write(table.Columns[x].ColumnName);
                excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            foreach (DataRow x in table.Rows)
            {
                rowCount++;
                //if the number of rows is > 64000 create a new page to continue output
                if (rowCount == 1048576)
                {
                    rowCount = 0;
                    sheetCount++;
                    excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
                    excelDoc.Write(" </Worksheet>");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Worksheet ss:Name=\"" + table.TableName + "\">");
                    excelDoc.Write("<Table>");
                }
                excelDoc.Write("<Row>"); //ID=" + rowCount + "
                for (int y = 0; y < table.Columns.Count; y++)
                {
                    System.Type rowType;
                    rowType = x[y].GetType();
                    switch (rowType.ToString())
                    {
                        case "System.String":
                            string XMLstring = x[y].ToString();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Trim();
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("&", "&");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace(">", ">");
                            XMLstring = XMLstring.Replace("<", "<");
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                           "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLstring);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DateTime":
                            //Excel has a specific Date Format of YYYY-MM-DD followed by  
                            //the letter 'T' then hh:mm:sss.lll Example 2005-01-31T24:01:21.000
                            //The Following Code puts the date stored in XMLDate 
                            //to the format above
                            DateTime XMLDate = (DateTime)x[y];
                            string XMLDatetoString = ""; //Excel Converted Date
                            XMLDatetoString = XMLDate.Year.ToString() +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Month < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Month.ToString() : XMLDate.Month.ToString()) +
                                 "-" +
                                 (XMLDate.Day < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Day.ToString() : XMLDate.Day.ToString()) +
                                 "T" +
                                 (XMLDate.Hour < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Hour.ToString() : XMLDate.Hour.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Minute < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Minute.ToString() : XMLDate.Minute.ToString()) +
                                 ":" +
                                 (XMLDate.Second < 10 ? "0" +
                                 XMLDate.Second.ToString() : XMLDate.Second.ToString()) +
                                 ".000";
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"DateLiteral\">" +
                                         "<Data ss:Type=\"DateTime\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(XMLDatetoString);
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Boolean":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                        "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Int16":
                        case "System.Int32":
                        case "System.Int64":
                        case "System.Byte":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Integer\">" +
                                    "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.Decimal":
                        case "System.Double":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"Decimal\">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=\"Number\">");
                            excelDoc.Write(x[y].ToString());
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        case "System.DBNull":
                            excelDoc.Write("<Cell ss:StyleID=\"StringLiteral\">" +
                                  "<Data ss:Type=\"String\">");
                            excelDoc.Write("");
                            excelDoc.Write("</Data></Cell>");
                            break;
                        default:
                            throw (new Exception(rowType.ToString() + " not handled."));
                    }
                }
                excelDoc.Write("</Row>");
            }
            excelDoc.Write("</Table>");
            excelDoc.Write("</Worksheet>");               
            sheetCount++;
        }

        const string endExcelOptions1 = "\r\n<WorksheetOptions xmlns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel\">\r\n" +
            "<Selected/>\r\n" +
            "<ProtectObjects>False</ProtectObjects>\r\n" +
            "<ProtectScenarios>False</ProtectScenarios>\r\n" +
            "</WorksheetOptions>\r\n";

        excelDoc.Write(endExcelOptions1);
        excelDoc.Write("</Workbook>");
        excelDoc.Close();
    }