如何将JavaScript对象转换为字符串?

例子:

var o = {a:1, b:2}
console.log(o)
console.log('Item: ' + o)

输出:

对象{a=1, b=2} //非常好的可读输出:) Item: [object object] //不知道里面有什么:(


当前回答

1.

JSON.stringify(o);

Item: {"a":"1", "b":"2"}

2.

var o = {a:1, b:2};
var b=[]; Object.keys(o).forEach(function(k){b.push(k+":"+o[k]);});
b="{"+b.join(', ')+"}";
console.log('Item: ' + b);

项目:{a:1, b:2}

其他回答

如果你只关心字符串、对象和数组:

function objectToString (obj) {
        var str = '';
        var i=0;
        for (var key in obj) {
            if (obj.hasOwnProperty(key)) {
                if(typeof obj[key] == 'object')
                {
                    if(obj[key] instanceof Array)
                    {
                        str+= key + ' : [ ';
                        for(var j=0;j<obj[key].length;j++)
                        {
                            if(typeof obj[key][j]=='object') {
                                str += '{' + objectToString(obj[key][j]) + (j > 0 ? ',' : '') + '}';
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                str += '\'' + obj[key][j] + '\'' + (j > 0 ? ',' : ''); //non objects would be represented as strings
                            }
                        }
                        str+= ']' + (i > 0 ? ',' : '')
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        str += key + ' : { ' + objectToString(obj[key]) + '} ' + (i > 0 ? ',' : '');
                    }
                }
                else {
                    str +=key + ':\'' + obj[key] + '\'' + (i > 0 ? ',' : '');
                }
                i++;
            }
        }
        return str;
    }
/*
    This function is as JSON.Stringify (but if you has not in your js-engine you can use this)
    Params:
        obj - your object
        inc_ident - can be " " or "\t".
        show_types - show types of object or not
        ident - need for recoursion but you can not set this parameter.
*/
function getAsText(obj, inc_ident, show_types, ident) {
    var res = "";
    if (!ident)
        ident = "";
    if (typeof(obj) == "string") {
        res += "\"" + obj + "\" ";
        res += (show_types == true) ? "/* typeobj: " + typeof(obj) + "*/" : "";
    } else if (typeof(obj) == "number" || typeof(obj) == "boolean") {
        res += obj;
        res += (show_types == true) ? "/* typeobj: " + typeof(obj) + "*/" : "";
    } else if (obj instanceof Array) {
        res += "[ ";
        res += show_types ? "/* typeobj: " + typeof(obj) + "*/" : "";
        res += "\r\n";
        var new_ident = ident + inc_ident;
        var arr = [];
        for(var key in obj) {
            arr.push(new_ident + getAsText(obj[key], inc_ident, show_types, new_ident));
        } 
        res += arr.join(",\r\n") + "\r\n";
        res += ident + "]";
    } else {
        var new_ident = ident + inc_ident;      
        res += "{ ";
        res += (show_types == true) ? "/* typeobj: " + typeof(obj) + "*/" : "";
        res += "\r\n";
        var arr = [];
        for(var key in obj) {
            arr.push(new_ident + '"' + key + "\" : " + getAsText(obj[key], inc_ident, show_types, new_ident));
        }
        res += arr.join(",\r\n") + "\r\n";
        res += ident + "}\r\n";
    } 
    return res;
};

示例:

var obj = {
    str : "hello",
    arr : ["1", "2", "3", 4],
b : true,
    vobj : {
        str : "hello2"
    }
}

var ForReading = 1, ForWriting = 2;
var fso = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
f1 = fso.OpenTextFile("your_object1.txt", ForWriting, true)
f1.Write(getAsText(obj, "\t"));
f1.Close();

f2 = fso.OpenTextFile("your_object2.txt", ForWriting, true)
f2.Write(getAsText(obj, "\t", true));
f2.Close();

your_object1.txt:

{ 
    "str" : "hello" ,
    "arr" : [ 
        "1" ,
        "2" ,
        "3" ,
        4
    ],
    "b" : true,
    "vobj" : { 
        "str" : "hello2" 
    }

}

your_object2.txt:

{ /* typeobj: object*/
    "str" : "hello" /* typeobj: string*/,
    "arr" : [ /* typeobj: object*/
        "1" /* typeobj: string*/,
        "2" /* typeobj: string*/,
        "3" /* typeobj: string*/,
        4/* typeobj: number*/
    ],
    "b" : true/* typeobj: boolean*/,
    "vobj" : { /* typeobj: object*/
        "str" : "hello2" /* typeobj: string*/
    }

}

循环引用

通过使用下面的替换器,我们可以产生更少冗余的JSON -如果源对象包含对某个对象的多次引用,或者包含循环引用-那么我们通过特殊的路径字符串(类似于JSONPath)引用它-我们如下所示

let s = JSON.stringify(obj, refReplacer());

function refReplacer() { let m = new Map(), v= new Map(), init = null; return function(field, value) { let p= m.get(this) + (Array.isArray(this) ? `[${field}]` : '.' + field); let isComplex= value===Object(value) if (isComplex) m.set(value, p); let pp = v.get(value)||''; let path = p.replace(/undefined\.\.?/,''); let val = pp ? `#REF:${pp[0]=='[' ? '$':'$.'}${pp}` : value; !init ? (init=value) : (val===init ? val="#REF:$" : 0); if(!pp && isComplex) v.set(value, path); return val; } } // --------------- // TEST // --------------- // gen obj with duplicate references let a = { a1: 1, a2: 2 }; let b = { b1: 3, b2: "4" }; let obj = { o1: { o2: a }, b, a }; // duplicate reference a.a3 = [1,2,b]; // circular reference b.b3 = a; // circular reference let s = JSON.stringify(obj, refReplacer(), 4); console.log(s);

奖励:这里是这种序列化的逆函数

function parseRefJSON(json) { let objToPath = new Map(); let pathToObj = new Map(); let o = JSON.parse(json); let traverse = (parent, field) => { let obj = parent; let path = '#REF:$'; if (field !== undefined) { obj = parent[field]; path = objToPath.get(parent) + (Array.isArray(parent) ? `[${field}]` : `${field?'.'+field:''}`); } objToPath.set(obj, path); pathToObj.set(path, obj); let ref = pathToObj.get(obj); if (ref) parent[field] = ref; for (let f in obj) if (obj === Object(obj)) traverse(obj, f); } traverse(o); return o; } // ------------ // TEST // ------------ let s = `{ "o1": { "o2": { "a1": 1, "a2": 2, "a3": [ 1, 2, { "b1": 3, "b2": "4", "b3": "#REF:$.o1.o2" } ] } }, "b": "#REF:$.o1.o2.a3[2]", "a": "#REF:$.o1.o2" }`; console.log('Open Chrome console to see nested fields:'); let obj = parseRefJSON(s); console.log(obj);

如果你可以使用lodash,你可以这样做:

> var o = {a:1, b:2};
> '{' + _.map(o, (value, key) => key + ':' + value).join(', ') + '}'
'{a:1, b:2}'

使用lodash map()也可以遍历对象。 这将每个键/值条目映射到它的字符串表示形式:

> _.map(o, (value, key) => key + ':' + value)
[ 'a:1', 'b:2' ]

join()将数组条目放在一起。

如果你可以使用ES6模板字符串,这也是有效的:

> `{${_.map(o, (value, key) => `${key}:${value}`).join(', ')}}`
'{a:1, b:2}'

请注意,这不是递归通过对象:

> var o = {a:1, b:{c:2}}
> _.map(o, (value, key) => `${key}:${value}`)
[ 'a:1', 'b:[object Object]' ]

就像node的util.inspect()一样:

> util.inspect(o)
'{ a: 1, b: { c: 2 } }'

1.

JSON.stringify(o);

Item: {"a":"1", "b":"2"}

2.

var o = {a:1, b:2};
var b=[]; Object.keys(o).forEach(function(k){b.push(k+":"+o[k]);});
b="{"+b.join(', ')+"}";
console.log('Item: ' + b);

项目:{a:1, b:2}