JavaScript中的排列?

我试图写一个函数，它做以下工作:

以一个整数数组作为参数(例如[1,2,3,4]) 创建一个包含[1,2,3,4]的所有可能排列的数组，每个排列的长度为4

下面的函数(我在网上找到的)通过接受一个字符串作为参数，并返回该字符串的所有排列来实现这一点

我不知道如何修改它，使它与整数数组一起工作，(我认为这与一些方法在字符串上的工作方式不同于在整数上的工作方式有关，但我不确定…)

let permArr = [];
let usedChars = [];

function permute(input) {
    const chars = input.split("");
    for (let i = 0; i < chars.length; i++) {
        const ch = chars.splice(i, 1);
        usedChars.push(ch);
        if (chars.length === 0) {
            permArr[permArr.length] = usedChars.join("");
        }
        permute(chars.join(""));
        chars.splice(i, 0, ch);
        usedChars.pop();
    }
    return permArr
};

注意:我希望函数返回整数数组，而不是字符串数组。

我真的需要解决方案是在JavaScript。我已经知道如何在python中做到这一点

当前回答

我认为下面的解决方案的唯一不同之处在于，我在出现空情况前一步停止了递归。希望嵌入的评论是充分的解释。

function Permutations (A) // computes all possible ordered sequences of the entries in array A and returns them as an array of arrays
{
var perms = [];

for (var i = 0 ; i < A.length ; i++)
    {
    var rem = A.slice (0); // copy input array to retain remainder of elements after removing i'th element
    var el = rem.splice (i,1);
    if (A.length == 2) {perms.push ([el [0],rem [0]])} // recursion end case
    else 
        {
        var sub = Permutations (rem); // recursive call
        for (var s = 0 ; s < sub.length ; s++) // process recursive response, adding el to the start of each returned sequence
            {
            sub [s].splice (0,0,el [0]);
            perms.push (sub [s]);
            };
        };
    };

return perms ;

};// end of Permutations function

2021-12-14 16:11:36

其他回答

perm = x => x[0] ?  x.reduce((a, n) => (perm(x.filter(m => m!=n)).forEach(y => a.push([n,...y])), a), []): [[]]

2018-11-05 17:49:14

有点晚了，但喜欢在这里添加一个稍微优雅的版本。可以是任何数组…

function permutator(inputArr) {
  var results = [];

  function permute(arr, memo) {
    var cur, memo = memo || [];

    for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
      cur = arr.splice(i, 1);
      if (arr.length === 0) {
        results.push(memo.concat(cur));
      }
      permute(arr.slice(), memo.concat(cur));
      arr.splice(i, 0, cur[0]);
    }

    return results;
  }

  return permute(inputArr);
}

添加ES6(2015)版本。也不会改变原始输入数组。工作在控制台Chrome…

const permutator = (inputArr) => {
  let result = [];

  const permute = (arr, m = []) => {
    if (arr.length === 0) {
      result.push(m)
    } else {
      for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
        let curr = arr.slice();
        let next = curr.splice(i, 1);
        permute(curr.slice(), m.concat(next))
     }
   }
 }

 permute(inputArr)

 return result;
}

所以…

permutator(['c','a','t']);

收益率…

[ [ 'c', 'a', 't' ],
  [ 'c', 't', 'a' ],
  [ 'a', 'c', 't' ],
  [ 'a', 't', 'c' ],
  [ 't', 'c', 'a' ],
  [ 't', 'a', 'c' ] ]

和…

permutator([1,2,3]);

收益率…

[ [ 1, 2, 3 ],
  [ 1, 3, 2 ],
  [ 2, 1, 3 ],
  [ 2, 3, 1 ],
  [ 3, 1, 2 ],
  [ 3, 2, 1 ] ]

2014-01-01 18:18:40

目前最快、最有效、最优雅的版本(2020年)

function getArrayMutations (arr, perms = [], len = arr.length) { if (len === 1) perms.push(arr.slice(0)) for (let i = 0; i < len; i++) { getArrayMutations(arr, perms, len - 1) len % 2 // parity dependent adjacent elements swap ? [arr[0], arr[len - 1]] = [arr[len - 1], arr[0]] : [arr[i], arr[len - 1]] = [arr[len - 1], arr[i]] } return perms } const arrayToMutate = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] const startTime = performance.now() const arrayOfMutations = getArrayMutations(arrayToMutate) const stopTime = performance.now() const duration = (stopTime - startTime) / 1000 console.log(`${arrayOfMutations.length.toLocaleString('en-US')} permutations found in ${duration.toLocaleString('en-US')}s`)

2020-02-09 12:41:12

这是一个最小的ES6版本。扁平化和无函数可以从Lodash中提取。

const flatten = xs =>
    xs.reduce((cum, next) => [...cum, ...next], []);

const without = (xs, x) =>
    xs.filter(y => y !== x);

const permutations = xs =>
    flatten(xs.map(x =>
        xs.length < 2
            ? [xs]
            : permutations(without(xs, x)).map(perm => [x, ...perm])
    ));

结果:

permutations([1,2,3])
// [[1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 2], [2, 1, 3], [2, 3, 1], [3, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1]]

2018-10-11 22:17:52

function swap(array1, index1, index2) {
    var temp;
    temp = array1[index1];
    array1[index1] = array1[index2];
    array1[index2] = temp;
}

function permute(a, l, r) {
    var i;
    if (l == r) {
        console.log(a.join(''));
    } else {
        for (i = l; i <= r; i++) {
            swap(a, l, i);
            permute(a, l + 1, r);
            swap(a, l, i);
        }
    }
}


permute(["A","B","C", "D"],0,3);

//示例执行 //更多细节请参考此链接

/ / http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/write-a-c-program-to-print-all-permutations-of-a-given-string/

2016-07-04 21:36:48

JavaScript中的排列?

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